Tomcat 配置集锦

tomcat 服务器server.xml的关键参数配置

说明：以下文字均以tomcat5.0.30为例进行。

1，配置tomcat服务器访问端口，只需配置Connector的port端口即可。tomcat默认为8080，现修改port参数值为80。

<!-- Define a non-SSL Coyote HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8080 -->

<Connector port="80"

maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" maxSpareThreads="75"

enableLookups="false" redirectPort="8443" acceptCount="100"

debug="0" connectionTimeout="20000"

disableUploadTimeout="true" URIEncoding="GBK"/>

2，配置tomcat支持URL中文参数，只需添加Connector的URIEncoding参数即可，默认情况下该参数未被配置。要支持URL参数支持中文，加上URIEncoding="GBK"就行了（见1中附代码最后一行）。

3，配置新的webApp：找到host尾标记</Host>，插入新的context即可。

如：

（1）<Context path="" docBase="ROOT" debug="0"/>

若要支持数据库（以SQL Server为例），则为：

（2）<Context path="/xkb" docBase="F:XKB6webApp" debug="5" reloadable="true" crossContext="true">

<Logger className="org.apache.catalina.logger.FileLogger" prefix="localhost_DBTest_log." suffix=".txt" timestamp="true"/>

<Resource name="jdbc/SqlServerDB" auth="Container" type="Javax.sql.DataSource"/>

<ResourceParams name="jdbc/SqlServerDB">

<parameter>

<name>factory</name>

<value>org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSourceFactory</value>

</parameter>

<!-- Maximum number of dB connections in pool. Make sure you configure your mysqld max_connections large enough to handle all of your db connections. Set to 0 for no limit.-->

<parameter>

<name>maxActive</name>

<value>50</value>

</parameter>

<!-- Maximum number of idle dB connections to retain in pool. Set to 0 for no limit.-->

<parameter>

<name>maxIdle</name>

<value>20</value>

</parameter>

<!-- Maximum time to wait for a dB connection to become available in ms, in this example 0.5 seconds. An Exception is thrown if this timeout is exceeded. Set to -1 to wait indefinitely. -->

<parameter>

<name>maxWait</name>

<value>500</value>

</parameter>

<!-- msSQL dB username and password for dB connections -->

<parameter>

<name>username</name>

<value>sa</value>

</parameter>

<parameter>

<name>password</name>

<value>wangnewton</value>

</parameter>

<!-- Class name for SQLServer2000 JDBC driver -->

<parameter>

<name>driverClassName</name>

<value>com.microsoft.jdbc.sqlserver.SQLServerDriver</value>

</parameter>

<!-- The JDBC connection url for connecting to your MS SQL Server dB.The autoReconnect=true argument to the url makes sure that the mm.Sql Server JDBC Driver will automatically reconnect if mysqld closed the connection. mysqld by default closes idle connections
after 8 hours.-->

<parameter>

<name>url</name>

<value>jdbc:microsoft:sqlserver://localhost:1433;databaseName=XKBCourse</value>

<!--must use & not use & -->

</parameter>

</ResourceParams>

</Context>

tomcat5.5.x
配置记录。

1.下载：

把jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x.zip

和jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x-compat.zip

和jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x-admin.zip

(tomcat 默认是没有内置admin模块了

tomcat's administration web application is no longer installed by default. Download and install the "admin" package to use it. )

都解压到同一个目录下面。比如：D:jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x

(如果使用jdk1.4，才需要compat.zip用jdk1.5就可以免了这个。)

2.修改jakarta-tomcat-5.5.xconftomcat-users.xml.

添加管理员账号lizongbo，密码为lizongbopass.

新xml如下：

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>

<tomcat-users>

<role rolename="tomcat"/>

<role rolename="role1"/>

<role rolename="manager"/>

<role rolename="admin"/>

<user username="tomcat" password="tomcat" roles="tomcat"/>

<user username="role1" password="tomcat" roles="role1"/>

<user username="both" password="tomcat" roles="tomcat,role1"/>

<user username="lizongbo" password="lizongbopass" roles="admin,manager"/>

</tomcat-users>

3.修改jakarta-tomcat-5.5.xconfserver.xml来解决编码问题。

(给Connector 添加URIEncoding参数，参考(可以设置成GB18030)

<Connector port="8080"

maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" maxSpareThreads="75"

enableLookups="false" redirectPort="8443" acceptCount="200"

connectionTimeout="20000" disableUploadTimeout="true" URIEncoding="GBK"

compression="on" compressionMinSize="2048"

noCompressionUserAgents="gozilla, traviata"

compressableMimeType="text/html,text/xml"/>

<Connector port="8009"

enableLookups="false" redirectPort="8443" protocol="AJP/1.3" URIEncoding="GBK"/>

4.启用支持gzip压缩.

添加下列属性

compression="on"

compressionMinSize="2048"

noCompressionUserAgents="gozilla, traviata"

compressableMimeType="text/html,text/xml"

5.设置虚拟主机。

在jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x下建立文件夹vhostwww.mydomain.com。

然后修改jakarta-tomcat-5.5.xconfserver.xml

<Engine defaultHost="localhost" name="Catalina">

<Host appBase="vhost/www.mydomain.com" name="www.mydomain.com">

</Host>

<Host appBase="webapps" name="localhost">

</Host>

<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"/>

</Engine>

6.添加数据库驱动,更新mail.jar和actiovation.jar

复制mysql-connector-Java-3.0.16-ga-bin.jar,pg74.215.jdbc3.jar到 jakarta-tomcat-5.5.xcommonlib

还有Javamail 1.3.2的mail.jar，jaf-1_0_2的 activation.jar

msSQl 2000 JDBC sp3，msbase.jar,msutil,jar,mssqlserver.jar

7.配置SSL

-genkey -alias
tomcat -keyalg RSA

输入keystore密码： lizongbossl

您的名字与姓氏是什么？

[tomcat5.5.x]：
tomcat5.5.x

您的组织单位名称是什么？

[jakarta]： jakarta

您的组织名称是什么？

[apache]： apache

您所在的城市或区域名称是什么？

[hzcity]： hzcity

您所在的州或省份名称是什么？

[gdp]： gdp

该单位的两字母国家代码是什么

[CN]： CN

CN=tomcat5.5.x, OU=jakarta, O=apache, L=hzcity, ST=gdp, C=CN 正确吗？

[否]： y

输入<tomcat>的主密码

（如果和 keystore 密码相同，按回车）：

(必须密码一致，因此直接回车)

然后再把userhome(例如：C:Documents and Settingslizongbo)下的.keystore复制到

tomcat的conf目录下。

(例如：D:jakarta-tomcat-5.5.xconf.keystore )

配置jakarta-tomcat-5.5.xconfserver.xml

加上

<Connector port="8443"

maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" maxSpareThreads="75"

enableLookups="false" disableUploadTimeout="true"

acceptCount="100" scheme="https" secure="true"

clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS"

keystoreFile="conf/.keystore"

keystorePass="lizongbossl"> <!--与先前设置的密码一致-->

</Connector>

8.禁止文件目录列表，

修改jakarta-tomcat-5.5.xconfweb.xml，把listing设置为false

<servlet>

<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>org.apache.catalina.servlets.DefaultServlet</servlet-class>

<init-param>

<param-name>debug</param-name>

<param-value>0</param-value>

</init-param>

<init-param>

<param-name>listings</param-name>

<param-value>true</param-value>

</init-param>

<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>

</servlet>

9.指定了自己的JavaEncoding

)

<servlet>

<servlet-name>jsp</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet</servlet-class>

<init-param>

<param-name>fork</param-name>

<param-value>false</param-value>

</init-param>

<init-param>

<param-name>JavaEncoding</param-name>

<param-value>GB18030</param-value>

</init-param>

<init-param>

<param-name>xpoweredBy</param-name>

<param-value>true</param-value>

</init-param>

<load-on-startup>3</load-on-startup>

</servlet>

10.添加rar,iso等的mime-type映射

避免在浏览器里直接打开。

<mime-mapping>

<extension>mht</extension>

<mime-type>text/x-mht</mime-type>

</mime-mapping>

<mime-mapping>

<extension>rar</extension>

<mime-type>application/octet-stream</mime-type>

</mime-mapping>

<mime-mapping>

<extension>iso</extension>

<mime-type>application/octet-stream</mime-type>

</mime-mapping>

<mime-mapping>

<extension>ape</extension>

<mime-type>application/octet-stream</mime-type>

</mime-mapping>

<mime-mapping>

<extension>rmvb</extension>

<mime-type>application/octet-stream</mime-type>

</mime-mapping>

<mime-mapping>

<extension>ico</extension>

<mime-type>image/x-icon</mime-type>

</mime-mapping>

10.1对html静态页面设置编码

<!-- 修改下面两行以支持静态超文本的自动编码

-->

<mime-mapping>

<extension>htm</extension>

<mime-type>text/html;charset=gb2312</mime-type>

</mime-mapping>

<mime-mapping>

<extension>html</extension>

<mime-type>text/html;charset=gb2312</mime-type>

</mime-mapping>

</web-app>

11.添加welcome-file-list，并调整顺序。

<welcome-file-list>

<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>

</welcome-file-list>

tomcat中文编码问题解决方案(简)

liyonghai 04/08/30

编码问题的根源可参考tomcat 4.x解决方法:

获取中文:request.setCharacterEncoding("gb2312");

输出中文:<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=gb2312" %>,必要时需要转码

tomcat 5.x解决方法:

获取中文:

提交表单时

1)post:request.setCharacterEncoding("gb2312");

2)get:修改server.xml,在Connector中加入URIEncoding="gb2312"

如: <Connector port="80" maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" maxSpareThreads="75"

enableLookups="false" redirectPort="8443" acceptCount="100"

debug="0" connectionTimeout="20000"

disableUploadTimeout="true" URIEncoding="gb2312" />

或者使用useBodyEncodingForURI,使tomcat 5.x兼容tomcat 4.x

输出中文:<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=gb2312" %>,必要时需要转码

附:tomcat 5.x与tomcat 4.x在解析提交表单时发生了变化,tomcat
4.x无论是post还是get,都使用

相同的编码,而tomcat 5.x 却把get方法单独了出来.具体可查看tomcat的source code.

get方式的处理比较好，对于post方式建议用配置过滤器的方式来解决，因为这样,配置一个地方整个系统都不用操心了。

简单说明：

web.xml

<filter>

<filter-name>Set Character Encoding</filter-name>

<filter-class>SetCharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>

</filter>

<filter-mapping>

<filter-name>Set Character Encoding</filter-name>

<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

</filter-mapping>

/************************/

SetCharacterEncodingFilter.Java

--------------------------------------------

import
Java.io.IOException;

import
Javax.servlet.Filter;

import
Javax.servlet.FilterChain;

import
Javax.servlet.FilterConfig;

import
Javax.servlet.ServletException;

import
Javax.servlet.ServletRequest;

import
Javax.servlet.ServletResponse;

import
Javax.servlet.UnavailableException;

/**

* Example filter that sets the character encoding to be used in parsing the

* incoming request

*/

public class SetCharacterEncodingFilter implements Filter {

/**

* Take this filter out of service.

*/

public void destroy() {

}

/**

* select and set (if specified) the character encoding to be used to

* interpret request parameters for this request.

*/

public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,

FilterChain chain)throws IOException, ServletException {

request.setCharacterEncoding("GBK");

// 传递控制到下一个过滤器

chain.doFilter(request, response);

}

public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {

}

}

////也可以把编码做为参数传递进去。

12.如果你的webapp需要只能够进行https方式访问，那么在webapp的web.xml里加上：

<security-constraint>

<web-resource-collection>

<web-resource-name>must https</web-resource-name>

<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

</web-resource-collection>

<user-data-constraint>

<transport-guarantee>CONFIDENTIAL</transport-guarantee>

</user-data-constraint>

</security-constraint>

参考：13.修改远程关闭服务器的命令。

server.xml默认有下面一行：

<Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">

这样允许任何人只要telnet到服务器的8005端口，输入"SHUTDOWN"，然后回车，服务器立即就被关掉了。

从安全的角度上考虑，我们需要把这个shutdown指令改成一个别人不容易猜测的字符串。

例如修改如下：

<Server port="8006" shutdown="lizongbo">，这样就只有在telnet到8005，并且输入"lizongbo"才能够关闭tomcat.

注意：这个修改不影响shutdown.bat的执行。运行shutdown.bat一样可以关闭服务器。

参考：

以下皆可以参考：

14.配置http访问日志。tomcat自带的能够记录的http访问日志已经很详细了

取消下面这段的注释：

<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve"

directory="logs" prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt"

pattern="common" resolveHosts="false"/>

然后修改为：

<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.FastCommonAccessLogValve"

directory="logs" prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt"

pattern="combined" resolveHosts="false" fileDateFormat="yyyy-MM-dd.HH"/>

pattern="combined" 记录的日志内容更详细，fileDateFormat="yyyy-MM-dd.HH"，会让日志文件按小时进行滚卷，

比默认的按天滚卷要好些，尤其是访问量大的网站，可以考虑写成fileDateFormat="yyyy-MM-dd.HH.mm"，就会是每分钟一个日志文件了。

而且可以分别按Engine, Host, or Context,来记录自己的日志

详情参考：

15.限制ip，限制主机访问等。

如果想禁止指定的ip或者主机名来拒绝某些机器访问，或者指定某些机器来访问。

也支持分别按Engine, Host, or Context,进行以下配置：

<Context path="/examples" ...> ...

<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteHostValve"

allow="*.mycompany.com,www.yourcompany.com"/>

<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve"

deny="192.168.1.*"/>

</Context>

参考：

16.发布webapp到网站根目录

1。直接复制到ROOT目录下。

2.因为无法创建无名字的xml文件，并且在xml文件里指定path也是无效的(tomcat靠文件名字来判断的)，

因此必须在server.xml里写下面一段：

<Context docBase="$/vhost/www.lizongbo.com" path="/"

privileged="true" antiResourceLocking="false" antiJARLocking="false">

<Manager className="org.apache.catalina.session.StandardManager" algorithm="SHA-512" sessionIdLength="40">

<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.FastCommonAccessLogValve"

directory="logs" prefix="localhost_mytest_access_log." suffix=".txt"

pattern="combined" resolveHosts="true" fileDateFormat="yyyy-MM-dd.HH"/>

</Context>

而且必须把ROOT目录删除掉，否则tomcat还是优先部署ROOT目录为"/"。

17.在重新启动tomcat的webapp的时候，禁止把session写入文件。

修改conf/web.xml

取消注释：

<!---->

<Manager pathname="" />

18.增强SessiionID的生成算法和长度。

<Manager className="org.apache.catalina.session.StandardManager" algorithm="SHA-512" sessionIdLength="40">

</Manager>

（tomcat默认算法是MD5,默认长度是16位。）

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1.下载

http://www.eu.apache.org/dist/jakarta/tomcat-5里注意，在jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28.exe以前是有默认的admin模块，在jakarta-tomcat-5.5.9.exe则没有安装默认的admin模块，这时tomcat's administration web application is no longer installed by default. Download and install the "admin" package to use it.

因此我们现在需要下载"admin"package 包

把jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x.zip 与 jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x-compat.zip 与 jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x-admin.zip

三个文件解压在同一个目录中

(如果使用jdk1.4，才需要compat.zip用jdk1.5就可以免了这个。)

2.修改jakarta-tomcat-5.5.xconftomcat-users.xml.

添加管理员账号lizongbo，密码为lizongbopass.

新xml如下：

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>

<tomcat-users>

<role rolename="tomcat"/>

<role rolename="role1"/>

<role rolename="manager"/>

<role rolename="admin"/>

<user username="tomcat" password="tomcat" roles="tomcat"/>

<user username="role1" password="tomcat" roles="role1"/>

<user username="both" password="tomcat" roles="tomcat,role1"/>

<user username="lizongbo" password="lizongbopass" roles="admin,manager"/>

</tomcat-users>

有时在%CATALINA_HOME%serverwebappsadminWEB-INFweb.xml里面也要做些修改

<!-- Security is active on entire directory -->

<security-constraint>

<display-name>tomcat Server Configuration Security Constraint</display-name>

<web-resource-collection>

<web-resource-name>Protected Area</web-resource-name>

<!-- Define the context-relative URL(s) to be protected -->

<url-pattern>*.jsp</url-pattern>

<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>

<url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>

</web-resource-collection>

<auth-constraint>

<!-- Anyone with one of the listed roles may access this area -->

<role-name>admin</role-name>

</auth-constraint>

</security-constraint>

<!-- Login configuration uses form-based authentication -->

<login-config>

<auth-method>FORM</auth-method>

<realm-name>tomcat Server Configuration Form-Based Authentication Area</realm-name>

<form-login-config>

<form-login-page>/login.jsp</form-login-page>

<form-error-page>/error.jsp</form-error-page>

</form-login-config>

</login-config>

<!-- Security roles referenced by this web application -->

<security-role>

<description>

The role that is required to log in to the Administration Application

</description>

<role-name>admin</role-name>

</security-role>

无论是 Authetication ( 身份验证

还是 Authorization ( 权限管控

都只有设置相关的 admin ROLE, 当你想要新增或修改相关的 AA, 就必须修改这一个文件, 来符合你的环境.

3.修改jakarta-tomcat-5.5.xconfserver.xml来解决编码问题。

(给Connector 添加URIEncoding参数，参考

(可以设置成GB18030)

<Connector port="8080"

maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" maxSpareThreads="75"

enableLookups="false" redirectPort="8443" acceptCount="200"

connectionTimeout="20000" disableUploadTimeout="true" URIEncoding="GBK"

compression="on" compressionMinSize="2048"

noCompressionUserAgents="gozilla, traviata"

compressableMimeType="text/html,text/xml"/>

<Connector port="8009"

enableLookups="false" redirectPort="8443" protocol="AJP/1.3" URIEncoding="GBK"/>

4.启用支持gzip压缩.

添加下列属性

compression="on"

compressionMinSize="2048"

noCompressionUserAgents="gozilla, traviata"

compressableMimeType="text/html,text/xml"

5.设置虚拟主机。

在jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x下建立文件夹vhostwww.mydomain.com。

然后修改jakarta-tomcat-5.5.xconfserver.xml

<Engine defaultHost="localhost" name="Catalina">

<Host appBase="vhost/www.mydomain.com" name=" </Host>

<Host appBase="webapps" name="localhost">

</Host>

<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"/>

</Engine>

6.添加数据库驱动,更新mail.jar和actiovation.jar

复制mysql-connector-Java-3.0.16-ga-bin.jar,pg74.215.jdbc3.jar到 jakarta-tomcat-5.5.xcommonlib

还有Javamail 1.3.2的mail.jar，jaf-1_0_2的 activation.jar

msSQl 2000 JDBC sp3，msbase.jar,msutil,jar,mssqlserver.jar

7.配置SSL

参考 D:j2sdk1.4.2_06bin>%Java_HOME%binkeytool -genkey -alias tomcat -keyalg RSA

输入keystore密码： lizongbossl

您的名字与姓氏是什么？

[tomcat5.5.x]： tomcat5.5.x

您的组织单位名称是什么？

[jakarta]： jakarta

您的组织名称是什么？

[apache]： apache

您所在的城市或区域名称是什么？

[hzcity]： hzcity

您所在的州或省份名称是什么？

[gdp]： gdp

该单位的两字母国家代码是什么

[CN]： CN

CN=tomcat5.5.x, OU=jakarta, O=apache, L=hzcity, ST=gdp, C=CN 正确吗？

[否]： y

输入<tomcat>的主密码

（如果和 keystore 密码相同，按回车）：

(必须密码一致，因此直接回车)

然后再把userhome(例如：C:Documents and Settingslizongbo)下的.keystore复制到

tomcat的conf目录下。

(例如：D:jakarta-tomcat-5.5.xconf.keystore


配置jakarta-tomcat-5.5.xconfserver.xml

加上

<Connector port="8443"

maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" maxSpareThreads="75"

enableLookups="false" disableUploadTimeout="true"

acceptCount="100" scheme="https" secure="true"

clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS"

keystoreFile="conf/.keystore"

keystorePass="lizongbossl"> <!--与先前设置的密码一致-->

</Connector>

8.禁止文件目录列表，

修改jakarta-tomcat-5.5.xconfweb.xml，把listing设置为false

<servlet>

<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>org.apache.catalina.servlets.DefaultServlet</servlet-class>

<init-param>

<param-name>debug</param-name>

<param-value>0</param-value>

</init-param>

<init-param>

<param-name>listings</param-name>

<param-value>true</param-value>

</init-param>

<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>

</servlet>

9.指定了自己的JavaEncoding

(参考

<servlet>

<servlet-name>jsp</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet</servlet-class>

<init-param>

<param-name>fork</param-name>

<param-value>false</param-value>

</init-param>

<init-param>

<param-name>JavaEncoding</param-name>

<param-value>GB18030</param-value>

</init-param>

<init-param>

<param-name>xpoweredBy</param-name>

<param-value>true</param-value>

</init-param>

<load-on-startup>3</load-on-startup>

</servlet>

10.添加rar,iso等的mime-type映射

避免在浏览器里直接打开。

<mime-mapping>

<extension>mht</extension>

<mime-type>text/x-mht</mime-type>

</mime-mapping>

<mime-mapping>

<extension>rar</extension>

<mime-type>application/octet-stream</mime-type>

</mime-mapping>

<mime-mapping>

<extension>iso</extension>

<mime-type>application/octet-stream</mime-type>

</mime-mapping>

<mime-mapping>

<extension>ape</extension>

<mime-type>application/octet-stream</mime-type>

</mime-mapping>

<mime-mapping>

<extension>rmvb</extension>

<mime-type>application/octet-stream</mime-type>

</mime-mapping>

<mime-mapping>

<extension>ico</extension>

<mime-type>image/x-icon</mime-type>

</mime-mapping>

10.1对html静态页面设置编码

<!-- 修改下面两行以支持静态超文本的自动编码

-->

<mime-mapping>

<extension>htm</extension>

<mime-type>text/html;charset=gb2312</mime-type>

</mime-mapping>

<mime-mapping>

<extension>html</extension>

<mime-type>text/html;charset=gb2312</mime-type>

</mime-mapping>

</web-app>

11.添加welcome-file-list，并调整顺序。

<welcome-file-list>

<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>

</welcome-file-list>