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用poi框架进行批量导入导出实例

2011-09-15 19:30 363 查看
Apache POI是Apache软件基金会的开放源码函式库,POI提供API给Java程式对Microsoft Office格式档案读和写的功能。我们这里使用poi对数据库中的数据进行批量导出,以及从Excel文件中的数据批量导入到数据库中。

批量导出:

步骤:1.导入架包:

poi-3.0-rc4-20070503.jar、poi-contrib-3.0-rc4-20070503.jar、poi-scratchpad-3.0-rc4-20070503.jar

2.Excel操纵类,可以根据Excel模板来生成Excel对象(模板代码)

3.生成Excel文件提供下载

实例代码:

Excel操纵类:

package cn.test.excel;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.Set;

import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.POIFSFileSystem;

/**
*
* 功能描述: Excel操纵类,可以根据Excel模板来生成Excel对象<br>
* 版本信息:1.0 <br>
* Copyright: Copyright (c) 2005<br>
*/
public class ExcelTemplate {
private static Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(ExcelTemplate.class);
private static final String DATAS = "datas";

private HSSFWorkbook workbook;
private HSSFSheet sheet;
private HSSFRow currentRow;
private Map styles = new HashMap(); //数据行的默认样式配置
private Map confStyles = new HashMap(); //通过设置"#STYLE_XXX"来标识的样式配置
private int initrow; //数据输出起始行
private int initcol; //数据输出起始列
private int num; //index number
private int currentcol; //当前列
private int currentRowIndex; //当前行index
private int rowheight = 22; //行高
private int lastLowNum = 0;
private String cellStyle = null;

private ExcelTemplate() {
}

/**
* 使用默认模板创建ExcelTemplate对象
* @return 根据模板已初始化完成的ExcelTemplate对象
*/
public static ExcelTemplate newInstance(){
return newInstance("templates/default.xls");
}

/**
* 指定模板创建ExcelTemplate对象
* @param templates 模板名称
* @return 根据模板已初始化完成的ExcelTemplate对象
*/
public static ExcelTemplate newInstance(String templates){
try {
ExcelTemplate excel = new ExcelTemplate();
POIFSFileSystem fs = new POIFSFileSystem(
Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader()
.getResourceAsStream(templates));
excel.workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(fs);
excel.sheet = excel.workbook.getSheetAt(0);

//查找配置
excel.initConfig();

//查找其它样式配置
excel.readCellStyles();

//删除配置行
excel.sheet.removeRow( excel.sheet.getRow(excel.initrow) );

return excel;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
logger.trace("创建Excel对象出现异常",e);
throw new RuntimeException("创建Excel对象出现异常");
}
}

/**
* 设置特定的单元格样式,此样式可以通过在模板文件中定义"#STYLE_XX"来得到,如:
* #STYLE_1,传入的参数就是"STYLE_1"
* @param style
*/
public void setCellStyle(String style){
cellStyle = style;
}

/**
* 取消特定的单元格格式,恢复默认的配置值,即DATAS所在行的值
*/
public void setCellDefaultStyle(){
cellStyle = null;
}

/**
* 创建新行
* @param index 从0开始计数
*/
public void createRow(int index){
//如果在当前插入数据的区域有后续行,则将其后面的行往后移动
if(lastLowNum > initrow && index > 0){
sheet.shiftRows(index + initrow ,lastLowNum + index,1,true,true);
}
currentRow = sheet.createRow(index + initrow);
currentRow.setHeight((short)rowheight);
currentRowIndex = index;
currentcol = initcol;
}

/**
* 根据传入的字符串值,在当前行上创建新列
* @param value 列的值(字符串)
*/
public void createCell(String value){
HSSFCell cell = createCell();
cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
cell.setCellValue(value);
}

/**
* 根据传入的日期值,在当前行上创建新列
* 在这种情况下(传入日期),你可以在模板中定义对应列
* 的日期格式,这样可以灵活通过模板来控制输出的日期格式
* @param value 日期
*/
public void createCell(Date value){
HSSFCell cell = createCell();
cell.setCellValue(value);
}

/**
* 创建当前行的序列号列,通常在一行的开头便会创建
* 注意要使用这个方法,你必需在创建行之前调用initPageNumber方法
*/
public void createSerialNumCell(){
HSSFCell cell = createCell();
cell.setCellValue(currentRowIndex + num);
}

private HSSFCell createCell(){
HSSFCell cell = currentRow.createCell((short)currentcol++);
cell.setEncoding(HSSFCell.ENCODING_UTF_16);
HSSFCellStyle style = (HSSFCellStyle)styles.get(new Integer(cell.getCellNum()));
if(style != null){
cell.setCellStyle(style);
}

//设置了特定格式
if(cellStyle != null){
HSSFCellStyle ts = (HSSFCellStyle)confStyles.get(cellStyle);
if(ts != null){
cell.setCellStyle(ts);
}
}
return cell;
}

/**
* 获取当前HSSFWorkbook的实例
* @return
*/
public HSSFWorkbook getWorkbook(){
return workbook;
}

/**
* 获取模板中定义的单元格样式,如果没有定义,则返回空
* @param style 模板定义的样式名称
* @return 模板定义的单元格的样式,如果没有定义则返回空
*/
public HSSFCellStyle getTemplateStyle(String style){
return (HSSFCellStyle)confStyles.get(style);
}

/**
* 替换模板中的文本参数
* 参数以“#”开始
* @param props
*/
public void replaceParameters(Properties props){
if(props == null || props.size() == 0){
return;
}
Set propsets = props.entrySet();
Iterator rowit = sheet.rowIterator();
while(rowit.hasNext()){
HSSFRow row = (HSSFRow)rowit.next();
if(row == null)	continue;
int cellLength = row.getLastCellNum();
for(int i=0; i<cellLength; i++){
HSSFCell cell = (HSSFCell)row.getCell((short)i);
if(cell == null) continue;
String value = cell.getStringCellValue();
if(value != null && value.indexOf("#") != -1){
for (Iterator iter = propsets.iterator(); iter.hasNext();) {
Map.Entry entry = (Map.Entry) iter.next();
value = value.replaceAll("#"+entry.getKey(),(String)entry.getValue());
}
}
cell.setEncoding(HSSFCell.ENCODING_UTF_16);
cell.setCellValue(value);
}
}
}

/**
* 初始化Excel配置
*/
private void initConfig(){
lastLowNum = sheet.getLastRowNum();
Iterator rowit = sheet.rowIterator();
boolean configFinish = false;
while(rowit.hasNext()){
if(configFinish){
break;
}
HSSFRow row = (HSSFRow)rowit.next();
if(row == null)	continue;
int cellLength = row.getLastCellNum();
int rownum = row.getRowNum();
for(int i=0; i<cellLength; i++){
HSSFCell cell = (HSSFCell)row.getCell((short)i);
if(cell == null) continue;
String config = cell.getStringCellValue();
if(DATAS.equalsIgnoreCase(config)){
//本行是数据开始行和样式配置行,需要读取相应的配置信息
initrow = row.getRowNum();
rowheight = row.getHeight();
initcol = cell.getCellNum();
configFinish = true;
}
if(configFinish){
readCellStyle(cell);
}
}
}
}

/**
* 读取cell的样式
* @param cell
*/
private void readCellStyle(HSSFCell cell){
HSSFCellStyle style = cell.getCellStyle();
if(style == null) return;
styles.put(new Integer(cell.getCellNum()),style);
}

/**
* 读取模板中其它单元格的样式配置
*/
private void readCellStyles(){
Iterator rowit = sheet.rowIterator();
while(rowit.hasNext()){
HSSFRow row = (HSSFRow)rowit.next();
if(row == null)	continue;
int cellLength = row.getLastCellNum();
for(int i=0; i<cellLength; i++){
HSSFCell cell = (HSSFCell)row.getCell((short)i);
if(cell == null) continue;
String value = cell.getStringCellValue();
if(value != null && value.indexOf("#STYLE_") != -1){
HSSFCellStyle style = cell.getCellStyle();
if(style == null) continue;
confStyles.put(value.substring(1),style);

//remove it
row.removeCell(cell);
}
}
}
}
}


生成Excel文件并提供下载

package cn.test.web.manager;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import cn.itcast.dao.impl.BookDaoImpl;
import cn.itcast.domain.Book;
import cn.itcast.excel.ExcelTemplate;

public class ExcelServlet extends HttpServlet {

public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
//导出Excel文件,不需要返回值,因为在方法的内部已经处理完成response
//HttpServletRequest request =ServletActionContext.getRequest();
String chcCreateDate=request.getParameter("svrDueId");
BookDaoImpl bd =new BookDaoImpl();
List customers = bd.getAll();//从数据库中获取要导出的集合
//获取模板样式,需自行创建
ExcelTemplate template = ExcelTemplate.newInstance("cn/test/excel/export_template.xls");
for(int i=0; i<customers.size(); i++){
Book book = (Book)customers.get(i);
//创建一行
template.createRow(i);
//创建列
template.createCell(book.getId().toString());
template.createCell(book.getName().toString());
template.createCell(book.getAuthor());
template.createCell(book.getDescription());
}
//提供下载
//HttpServletResponse response = ServletActionContext.getResponse();
response.reset();
response.setContentType("application/x-download;charset=GBK");
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=Book_"+System.currentTimeMillis()+".xls");
try {
template.getWorkbook().write(response.getOutputStream());
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
}
}


批量导入:

步骤:1.导入架包:

poi-3.0-rc4-20070503.jar、poi-contrib-3.0-rc4-20070503.jar、poi-scratchpad-3.0-rc4-20070503.jar

2.生成前台页面

2.生出Excel工具类,将从Excel中获取的数据进行数据类型转换(模板代码)

3.读取Excel文件批量上传

生出Excel工具类:

package com.ssh.crm.excel;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;

public class ExcelUtils {
public static int getIntCellValue(HSSFRow row,int index){
int rtn = 0;
try {
HSSFCell cell = row.getCell((short)index);
rtn = (int)cell.getNumericCellValue();
} catch (RuntimeException e) {
}
return rtn;
}

public static String getStringValue(HSSFRow row,int index){
String rtn = "";
try {
HSSFCell cell = row.getCell((short)index);
rtn = cell.getRichStringCellValue().getString();
} catch (RuntimeException e) {
}
return rtn;
}
}


前台使用Struts标签库实现的

<s:form action="UnderlyingData!importExcel.action" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<s:file label="请选择文件" name="excel" required="true"/>
<s:submit value="批量导入客户数据"></s:submit>
</s:form>


读取Excel文件批量上传

//导入Excel文件
protected File excel;
//封装要上传的文件
public File getExcel() {
return excel;
}

public void setExcel(File excel) {
this.excel = excel;
}
public String importExcel(){
List success = new ArrayList();
ActionContext tx =ActionContext.getContext();
String successanderror="";
if(excel != null){
try {
//读取excel文件分析Excel文件中的数据
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook(new FileInputStream(excel));

//读取第一页的内容
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0);

//从数据行开始读取数据
System.out.println(sheet.getLastRowNum());
for(int i=2; i<=sheet.getLastRowNum(); i++){
HSSFRow row = sheet.getRow(i);
Product product =new Product();
//名称
product.setProdName(ExcelUtils.getStringValue(row, 1));
product.setProdType(ExcelUtils.getStringValue(row, 2));
product.setProdBatch(ExcelUtils.getStringValue(row, 3));
product.setProdUnit(ExcelUtils.getStringValue(row, 4));
product.setProdPrice(new Double(ExcelUtils.getIntCellValue(row, 5)));
//System.out.println(product.getProdPrice());
product.setProdMemo(ExcelUtils.getStringValue(row, 6));
//检查用户输入是否合法
if(product.getProdName().equals("")){
throw new Exception("名称项格式不正确,请检查第"+(i+1)+"行第"+2+"列!");
}else if(product.getProdType().equals("")){
throw new Exception("型号项格式不正确,请检查第"+(i+1)+"行第"+3+"列!");
}else if(product.getProdBatch().equals("")){
throw new Exception("等级/批次项格式不正确,请检查第"+(i+1)+"行第"+4+"列!");
}else if(product.getProdUnit().equals("")){
throw new Exception("单位项格式不正确,请检查第"+(i+1)+"行第"+5+"列!");
}else if(product.getProdPrice()==0.0){
throw new Exception("单价项格式不正确,请检查第"+(i+1)+"行第"+6+"列!");
}else if(product.getProdMemo().equals("")){
throw new Exception("备注项格式不正确,请检查第"+(i+1)+"行第"+7+"列!");
}

success.add(product);
}
successanderror=underlyingDataService.addproduct(success);
tx.put("successList",success);

} catch (Exception e) {
successanderror=e.getMessage();
}finally{
tx.put("sande",successanderror);
}
}
return "inputdaoru";
}
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