RMAN 备份常用例子

rman备份命令

1:to back the controlfile using rman

备份控制文件

run{

allocate channel dev1 type disk format 'c:backup%U';

backup current controlfile;

}
2:to check the backup of controlfile using rman:

检查备份的控制文件

list backup of controlfile;
3:to recover using backup controlfile(startup nomount)

恢复控制文件

run {

allocate channel dev1 type disk;

restore controlfile;

alter database mount;

restore database;

recover database;

sql "ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS"

}
4:backup all datafile and controlfile using rman:

备份所有的数据文件和控制文件

run {

allocate channel dev1 type disk;

backup full tag = 'full backup' database include current controlfile format = 'c:backupdb_t%t_s%s_p%p';

release channel dev1;

}
5:check all backup of datafiles using rman:

检查所有的数据文件和控制文件

list backupset;
6:to restore because of missing file(first mount the database and run RMAN)

因文件丢失而修复

run {

allocate channel dev1 type disk;

restore database;

recover database;

}
7:restore until time

恢复到某个时间点

The 'SET UNTIL TIME' must match with the variable NLS_DATE_FORMAT.

Prior logging on RMAN set the NLS_DATE_FORMAT in the desired format.

For example:

If unix ===> export NLS_DATE_FORMAT='YYYY-MM-DD:HH24:MI:SS';

If on windows nt ===> set this vaiable in the registery.

run {

set until time 'May 1 2000 08:00:00';

allocate channel dev1 type disk;

shutdown abort;

startup nomount;

restore controlfile;

alter database mount;

restore database;

recover database;

sql 'alter database open resetlogs';

}
8:to purge obsolete backups:

清除旧的备份

report obsolete redundancy 3 device type disk; #REPORTS ANY BACKUP WITH MORE THAN 3 COPIES

report obsolete orphan; #USE THIS REPORT TO FILL IN THE XXXXX BELOW
run {

allocate channel for maintenance type disk;

allocate channel for delete type disk;

change backuppiece 'C:BACKUPxxxx' delete;

release channel;
run {

allocate channel for maintenance type disk;

allocate channel for delete type disk;

change datafilecopy 'C:BACKUPxxxx' delete;

release channel;
9:to backup all archive logs

备份所有的归档日志

run{

allocate channel dev1 type disk format 'c:backup%U';

backup archivelog all;

}
10:to remove all archive log files alter backup update to this line
backup archivelog all delete input;
11:skip an archive log file that can not be read or manualy deleted update to this line

backup archivelog skip inaccessible /inaccessible不可存取
12:to remove one archive log that you manualy deleted and now get an rman-6089<=8.0

allocate channel for delete type disk; or 'SBT_TAPE';

change archivelog 'path/filename' delete;

and/or

resync catalog;
13:to remove one archive log that you manualy deleted and now get an rman-6089<=8.1

allocate channel for maintenance type ....'

change archivelog uncatalog
一个实用脚本，包括备份RAC数据库与归档日志的shell脚本

[oracle@db worksh]$ more rmanback.sh

#!/bin/sh

#set env

export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/9.2

export ORACLE_SID=ebiz
export NLS_LANG="AMERICAN_AMERICA.zhs16gbk"

export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin

echo "-----------------------------start-----------------------------";date

#backup start

$ORACLE_HOME/bin/rman <<EOF

connect target

delete noprompt obsolete;

backup database include current controlfile format '/rmanback/db2/%U_%s.bak' filesperset = 2;

run{

ALLOCATE CHANNEL node_c1 DEVICE TYPE DISK CONNECT 'sys/pass@db1in1';

ALLOCATE CHANNEL node_c2 DEVICE TYPE DISK CONNECT 'sys/pass@db2in2';

sql 'ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG CURRENT';

backup archivelog all delete input format '/ rmanback/db2/%U_%s.bak' filesperset = 5;

}

list backup;

exit;

EOF

echo "------------------------------end------------------------------";date

replace script backup_db_full {

#

# Backs up the whole database into backup-sets. This backup is not part

execute script alloc_all_tapes;

execute script set_maxcorrupt;

backup

full

# skip offline

# skip readonly

skip inaccessible

tag b_db_full

filesperset 6

format 'df_t%t_s%s_p%p'

database;

execute script rel_all_tapes;

execute script archive_log_current;

execute script backup_al_all;

}
replace script backup_db_level_0 {

#

# Backs up the whole database. This backup is part of the incremental

# strategy.

# It performs exactly the same backup as the script backup above, except

# the datafile backup is part of the incremental strategy (this means it

# can have incremental backups of levels > 0 applied to it - full backups

# cannot).

#

# Typically, a level 0 backup would be done at least once a week.

#

# Modified By Reason

# 961219 cd created

#

execute script alloc_all_tapes;

execute script set_maxcorrupt;

backup

incremental level 0

# skip offline

# skip readonly

skip inaccessible

tag backup_db_level_0

filesperset 6

format 'df_t%t_s%s_p%p'

database;

execute script rel_all_tapes;

execute script archive_log_current;

execute script backup_al_all;

}
replace script backup_db_level_1 {

#

# This backup will only backup blocks which have been modified since the

# last level 0 backup was performed. Otherwise it is exactly the same

# backup as the level 0 above (note, the controlfile is always backed up in

# it's entirety i.e. control file backups are never compressed).

#

# Typically, a level 1 backup would be done at least once in between level

# 0 backups.

#

# Modified By Reason

# 961219 cd created

#

execute script alloc_all_tapes;

execute script set_maxcorrupt;

backup

incremental level 1

# skip offline

# skip readonly

skip inaccessible

tag backup_db_level_1

filesperset 6

format 'df_t%t_s%s_p%p'

database;

execute script rel_all_tapes;

execute script archive_log_current;

execute script backup_al_all;

}
replace script backup_db_level_2 {

#

# This backup will only backup blocks which have been modified since the

# last level 0 or 1 backup was performed. Otherwise it is exactly the same

# backup as the level 0 or 1 backups above.

#

# Typically, a level 2 backup would be done at least once in between level

# 0 and 1 backups.

#

# Modified By Reason

# 961219 cd created

#

execute script alloc_all_tapes;

execute script set_maxcorrupt;

backup

incremental level 2

# skip offline

# skip readonly

skip inaccessible

tag backup_db_level_2

filesperset 6

format 'df_t%t_s%s_p%p'

database;

execute script rel_all_tapes;

execute script archive_log_current;

execute script backup_al_all;