ActiveMQ XML配置文件

ActiveMQ包含了很多features（详见http://activemq.apache.org/features.html ），

不同的需求，不同的环境，需要不同的features，当然需要不同的配置。在这里我只写了最基本的配置，算是抛砖了，希望引出更多关于ActiveMQ的高级配置。

假设已经正确安装ActiveMQ5.0，同时及其IP地址为192.168.1.148，具体使用时可以改为自己的IP。下面讲解的配置实现的features如下：

1. 客户端可以通过tcp://192.168.1.148连接ActiveMQ。

2. 消息持久化保存，重启服务器不会丢失消息。

3. 可以通过http://192.168.1.148:8161/admin监控ActiveMQ服务器

配置

ActiveMQ默认使用的是XML格式配置，从4.0版本开始用MBean的方式实现XML配置，配置文件在${activemq.home}/conf目录下，文件名为activemq.xml。最新的默认配置见
http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/activemq/trunk/assembly/src/release/conf/activemq.xml 。下面为本篇文章使用的配置，及重要部分的解释。

Xml代码






1. <beans
2. <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

3. <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns:amq="http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.org/config/1.0"

4. <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/<SPAN class=hilite2>XML</SPAN>Schema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd
5. http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.org/config/1.0 http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.apache.org/schema/<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>-core.xsd

6. http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.apache.org/camel/schema/spring>

7.
8. <!-- persistent="true"表示要持久化存储消息，和子元素persistenceAdapter结合使用 -->
9. <!-- dataDirectory默认的存储持久化数据的目录 -->
10. <!-- brokerName 设置broker的name，在注意在网络上必须是唯一的-->
11. <!-- 更多参考http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.apache.org /xbean-<SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>-reference-50.html#XBean<SPAN class=hilite2>XML</SPAN>Reference5.0-brokerelement -->
12. <broker <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns="http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.org/config/1.0" brokerName="192.168.1.148" persistent ="true" dataDirectory="${<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.base}/data" useShutdownHook="false">

13.
14. <!-- Destination specific policies using destination names or wildcards -->
15. <!-- wildcards意义见http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.apache.org/wildcards.html -->
16. <destinationPolicy>
17. <policyMap>
18. <policyEntries>
19. <!-- 这里使用了wildcards，表示所有以EUCITA开头的topic -->
20. <policyEntry topic="EUCITA.>" producerFlowControl="false" memoryLimit="10mb">

21. <!-- 分发策略 -->
22. <dispatchPolicy>
23. <!-- 按顺序分发 -->
24. <strictOrderDispatchPolicy/>
25. </dispatchPolicy>
26. <!-- 恢复策略-->
27. <subscriptionRecoveryPolicy>
28. <!-- 只恢复最后一个message -->
29. <lastImageSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy/>
30. </subscriptionRecoveryPolicy>
31. </policyEntry>
32. </policyEntries>
33. </policyMap>
34. </destinationPolicy>
35.
36. <!-- The transport connectors <SPAN class=hilite1>ActiveMQ</SPAN> will listen to -->
37. <transportConnectors>
38. <transportConnector name="openwire" uri="tcp://192.168.1.148:61616" discoveryUri="multicast://default"/>

39. <transportConnector name="ssl" uri="ssl://192.168.1.148:61617"/>

40. <transportConnector name="stomp" uri="stomp://192.168.1.148:61613"/>

41. <transportConnector name="xmpp" uri="xmpp://192.168.1.148:61222"/>

42. </transportConnectors>
43.
44. <!-- 消息持久化方式 -->
45. <persistenceAdapter>
46. <amqPersistenceAdapter directory="${<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.base}/data"/>

47. </persistenceAdapter>
48. </broker>
49.
50. <!-- lets create a command agent to respond to message based admin commands on the <SPAN class=hilite1>ActiveMQ</SPAN>.Agent topic -->
51. <commandAgent <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns="http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.org/config/1.0"/>

52.
53. <!-- An embedded servlet engine for serving up the Admin console -->
54. <jetty <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns="http://mortbay.com/schemas/jetty/1.0">

55. <connectors>
56. <nioConnector port="8161" />
57. </connectors>
58.
59. <handlers>
60. <webAppContext contextPath="/admin" resourceBase="${<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.base}/webapps/admin" logUrlOnStart="true" />

61. <webAppContext contextPath="/demo" resourceBase="${<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.base}/webapps/demo" logUrlOnStart="true" />

62. </handlers>
63. </jetty>
64. </beans>

1. <beans
2.   <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
3.   <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns:amq="http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.org/config/1.0"
4.   <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/<SPAN class=hilite2>XML</SPAN>Schema-instance"  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd 5.   http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.org/config/1.0 http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.apache.org/schema/<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>-core.xsd
6.   http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.apache.org/camel/schema/spring>
7.
8.   <!-- persistent="true"表示要持久化存储消息，和子元素persistenceAdapter结合使用 -->
9.   <!-- dataDirectory默认的存储持久化数据的目录 -->
10.   <!-- brokerName 设置broker的name，在注意在网络上必须是唯一的-->
11.   <!-- 更多参考http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.apache.org /xbean-<SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>-reference-50.html#XBean<SPAN class=hilite2>XML</SPAN>Reference5.0-brokerelement -->
12.   <broker <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns="http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.org/config/1.0" brokerName="192.168.1.148" persistent ="true" dataDirectory="${<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.base}/data" useShutdownHook="false">
13.
14.     <!-- Destination specific policies using destination names or wildcards -->
15.     <!-- wildcards意义见http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.apache.org/wildcards.html -->
16.     <destinationPolicy>
17.       <policyMap>
18.         <policyEntries>
19.        <!-- 这里使用了wildcards，表示所有以EUCITA开头的topic -->
20.           <policyEntry topic="EUCITA.>" producerFlowControl="false" memoryLimit="10mb">
21.             <!-- 分发策略 -->
22.         <dispatchPolicy>
23.           <!-- 按顺序分发 -->
24.               <strictOrderDispatchPolicy/>
25.             </dispatchPolicy>
26.         <!--  恢复策略-->
27.             <subscriptionRecoveryPolicy>
28.           <!-- 只恢复最后一个message -->
29.               <lastImageSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy/>
30.             </subscriptionRecoveryPolicy>
31.           </policyEntry>
32.         </policyEntries>
33.       </policyMap>
34.     </destinationPolicy>
35.
36.     <!-- The transport connectors <SPAN class=hilite1>ActiveMQ</SPAN> will listen to -->
37.     <transportConnectors>
38.        <transportConnector name="openwire" uri="tcp://192.168.1.148:61616" discoveryUri="multicast://default"/>
39.        <transportConnector name="ssl"     uri="ssl://192.168.1.148:61617"/>
40.        <transportConnector name="stomp"   uri="stomp://192.168.1.148:61613"/>
41.        <transportConnector name="xmpp"    uri="xmpp://192.168.1.148:61222"/>
42.     </transportConnectors>
43.
44.     <!-- 消息持久化方式 -->
45.     <persistenceAdapter>
46.       <amqPersistenceAdapter directory="${<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.base}/data"/>
47.     </persistenceAdapter>
48. </broker>
49.
50.   <!-- lets create a command agent to respond to message based admin commands on the <SPAN class=hilite1>ActiveMQ</SPAN>.Agent topic -->
51.     <commandAgent <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns="http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.org/config/1.0"/>
52.
53.   <!-- An embedded servlet engine for serving up the Admin console -->
54.   <jetty <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns="http://mortbay.com/schemas/jetty/1.0">
55.     <connectors>
56.       <nioConnector port="8161" />
57.     </connectors>
58.
59.     <handlers>
60.       <webAppContext contextPath="/admin" resourceBase="${<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.base}/webapps/admin" logUrlOnStart="true" />
61.       <webAppContext contextPath="/demo" resourceBase="${<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.base}/webapps/demo" logUrlOnStart="true" />
62.     </handlers>
63.   </jetty>
64. </beans>

注释

关于XML配置中元素的具体信息可以参考http://activemq.apache.org/xbean-xml-reference-50.html 下面介绍本篇配置使用的一些重要元素。

DispathPolicy

ActiveMQ支持3中不同的分发策略（避免翻译了以后误解，这里用原文）：

1. <roundRobinDispatchPolicy>：Simple dispatch policy that sends a message to every subscription that matches the message.

2. <simpleDispatchPolicy>：Simple dispatch policy that sends a message to every subscription that matches the message.

3. <strictOrderDispatchPolicy>：Dispatch policy that causes every subscription to see messages in the same order.

SubscriptionRecoveryPolicy

ActiveMQ支持6种恢复策略，可以自行选择使用不同的策略

1. <fixedCountSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>： keep a fixed count of last messages.

2. <fixedSizedSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>： keep a fixed amount of memory available in RAM for message history which is evicted in time order.

3. <lastImageSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>：only keep the last message.

4. <noSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>：disable recovery of messages.

5. <queryBasedSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>：perform a user specific query mechanism to load any messages they may have missed.

6. <timedSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>：keep a timed buffer of messages around in memory and use that to recover new subscriptions.

PersistenceAdapter
http://activemq.apache.org/persistence 讲解了关于persistence的信息。ActiveMQ5.0使用AMQ Message Store 持久化消息，这种方式提供了很好的性能（The AMQ Message Store is an embeddable transactional message storage solution that is extremely fast and reliable.）默认使用该存储方式即可，如果想使用JDBC来存储，可以查找文档配置。

Summary

本篇文章只提供了基本配置信息。如果需要更多的文章，可以查看ActiveMQ的文档。

讲了安装和简单的配置，下一篇将介绍和Sping的整合，以及多个queue，多个topic，多个producer，多个consumer的配置，使用。