无线串口调试手记(二)——MCS-51串口和LCD5510

学过51好久了，好多知识都忘记了，比如在配置串口时，如何计算波特率，串口的几种工作方式，顺便了解到定时器的几种工作方式。

最大的感受是：学什么东西，在一开始的时候不可能什么都懂的，等你隔上一段时间，当然这段时间里面你应该仍然提高，而不是停滞不前，回过头再看看你当时学的东西，会有种大彻大悟的感受，原来也就是那么回事，还记得当初学习51单片机的时候，什么寄存器配置都不懂，只是跟着视频把代码抄下来，根本就不求甚解，只是知道，这样做就行了，直到调试nRF24L01的时候，才明白寄存器配置具体是怎么回事。

后来接触飞思卡尔，430这类单片机时又巩固了下。

所以呢，不管学什么，第一遍不懂没关系，关键不能放弃，当你到达另一个高度，再回来看看，看书已不是煎熬，而是享受知识了。

先来进行串口的配置，为了保证数据的稳定数传，先配置为 9600bps ，

这里先来详细解释下波特率的概念：

波特率：每秒钟传输二进制代码的位数；

9600bps，意思就是每秒钟传送9600个比特(bit)，因为算上1个起始位，1个停止位，8个数据位，所以完整完成一个字节(byte)的传输需要10位，也就是每秒钟960个字节，1s=1000ms，所以传输一个字节的时间为：

1000/9600=0.1042s=1.042ms



显然我们这里选第2种工作方式。
然后采用定时器，作为波特率的发生器，这里给出计算公式：



根据计算，可以算出当 TH1 = TL1 = 0xFD;

void Uart_Init(void)

{

TMOD = 0x20;

SCON = 0x50;

TH1 = 0xFD;

TL1 = TH1;

PCON = 0x00;

EA = 1;

ES = 1;

TR1 = 1;

}

好，串口及定时器差不多就到这里，下面就是LCD5110，这个屏网上的驱动是在很多，然后我整理下资料，写出了一个还算差强人意的驱动程序出来。

Font.h

#ifndef _FONT_H_
#define _FONT_H_
const char code table[480] ={
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00, // 20 space ASCII table for NOKIA LCD: 96 rows * 5 bytes= 480 bytes
0x00,0x00,0x5f,0x00,0x00, // 21 ! Note that this is the same set of codes for character you
0x00,0x07,0x00,0x07,0x00, // 22 " would find on a HD44780 based character LCD.
0x14,0x7f,0x14,0x7f,0x14, // 23 # Also, given the size of the LCD (84 pixels by 48 pixels),
0x24,0x2a,0x7f,0x2a,0x12, // 24 $ the maximum number of characters per row is only 14.
0x23,0x13,0x08,0x64,0x62, // 25 %
0x36,0x49,0x55,0x22,0x50, // 26 &
0x00,0x05,0x03,0x00,0x00, // 27 '
0x00,0x1c,0x22,0x41,0x00, // 28 (
0x00,0x41,0x22,0x1c,0x00, // 29 )
0x14,0x08,0x3e,0x08,0x14, // 2a *
0x08,0x08,0x3e,0x08,0x08, // 2b +
0x00,0x50,0x30,0x00,0x00, // 2c ,
0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08, // 2d -
0x00,0x60,0x60,0x00,0x00, // 2e .
0x20,0x10,0x08,0x04,0x02, // 2f /
0x3e,0x51,0x49,0x45,0x3e, // 30 0
0x00,0x42,0x7f,0x40,0x00, // 31 1
0x42,0x61,0x51,0x49,0x46, // 32 2
0x21,0x41,0x45,0x4b,0x31, // 33 3
0x18,0x14,0x12,0x7f,0x10, // 34 4
0x27,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x39, // 35 5
0x3c,0x4a,0x49,0x49,0x30, // 36 6
0x01,0x71,0x09,0x05,0x03, // 37 7
0x36,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x36, // 38 8
0x06,0x49,0x49,0x29,0x1e, // 39 9
0x00,0x36,0x36,0x00,0x00, // 3a :
0x00,0x56,0x36,0x00,0x00, // 3b ;
0x08,0x14,0x22,0x41,0x00, // 3c <
0x14,0x14,0x14,0x14,0x14, // 3d =
0x00,0x41,0x22,0x14,0x08, // 3e >
0x02,0x01,0x51,0x09,0x06, // 3f ?
0x32,0x49,0x79,0x41,0x3e, // 40 @
0x7e,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x7e, // 41 A
0x7f,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x36, // 42 B
0x3e,0x41,0x41,0x41,0x22, // 43 C
0x7f,0x41,0x41,0x22,0x1c, // 44 D
0x7f,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x41, // 45 E
0x7f,0x09,0x09,0x09,0x01, // 46 F
0x3e,0x41,0x49,0x49,0x7a, // 47 G
0x7f,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x7f, // 48 H
0x00,0x41,0x7f,0x41,0x00, // 49 I
0x20,0x40,0x41,0x3f,0x01, // 4a J
0x7f,0x08,0x14,0x22,0x41, // 4b K
0x7f,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40, // 4c L
0x7f,0x02,0x0c,0x02,0x7f, // 4d M
0x7f,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x7f, // 4e N
0x3e,0x41,0x41,0x41,0x3e, // 4f O
0x7f,0x09,0x09,0x09,0x06, // 50 P
0x3e,0x41,0x51,0x21,0x5e, // 51 Q
0x7f,0x09,0x19,0x29,0x46, // 52 R
0x46,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x31, // 53 S
0x01,0x01,0x7f,0x01,0x01, // 54 T
0x3f,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x3f, // 55 U
0x1f,0x20,0x40,0x20,0x1f, // 56 V
0x3f,0x40,0x38,0x40,0x3f, // 57 W
0x63,0x14,0x08,0x14,0x63, // 58 X
0x07,0x08,0x70,0x08,0x07, // 59 Y
0x61,0x51,0x49,0x45,0x43, // 5a Z
0x00,0x7f,0x41,0x41,0x00, // 5b [
0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20, // 5c Yen Currency Sign
0x00,0x41,0x41,0x7f,0x00, // 5d ]
0x04,0x02,0x01,0x02,0x04, // 5e ^
0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40, // 5f _
0x00,0x01,0x02,0x04,0x00, // 60 `
0x20,0x54,0x54,0x54,0x78, // 61 a
0x7f,0x48,0x44,0x44,0x38, // 62 b
0x38,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x20, // 63 c
0x38,0x44,0x44,0x48,0x7f, // 64 d
0x38,0x54,0x54,0x54,0x18, // 65 e
0x08,0x7e,0x09,0x01,0x02, // 66 f
0x0c,0x52,0x52,0x52,0x3e, // 67 g
0x7f,0x08,0x04,0x04,0x78, // 68 h
0x00,0x44,0x7d,0x40,0x00, // 69 i
0x20,0x40,0x44,0x3d,0x00, // 6a j
0x7f,0x10,0x28,0x44,0x00, // 6b k
0x00,0x41,0x7f,0x40,0x00, // 6c l
0x7c,0x04,0x18,0x04,0x78, // 6d m
0x7c,0x08,0x04,0x04,0x78, // 6e n
0x38,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x38, // 6f o
0x7c,0x14,0x14,0x14,0x08, // 70 p
0x08,0x14,0x14,0x18,0x7c, // 71 q
0x7c,0x08,0x04,0x04,0x08, // 72 r
0x48,0x54,0x54,0x54,0x20, // 73 s
0x04,0x3f,0x44,0x40,0x20, // 74 t
0x3c,0x40,0x40,0x20,0x7c, // 75 u
0x1c,0x20,0x40,0x20,0x1c, // 76 v
0x3c,0x40,0x30,0x40,0x3c, // 77 w
0x44,0x28,0x10,0x28,0x44, // 78 x
0x0c,0x50,0x50,0x50,0x3c, // 79 y
0x44,0x64,0x54,0x4c,0x44, // 7a z
0x00,0x08,0x36,0x41,0x00, // 7b <
0x00,0x00,0x7f,0x00,0x00, // 7c |
0x00,0x41,0x36,0x08,0x00, // 7d >
0x10,0x08,0x08,0x10,0x08, // 7e Right Arrow ->
0x78,0x46,0x41,0x46,0x78}; // 7f Left Arrow <-
#endif

LCD5110.h

#ifndef _LCD_5110_H_
#define _LCD_5110_H_

sbit SCE = P2^0;  	 //Ƭѡ
sbit RST = P2^1;     //¸´Î»,0¸´Î»
sbit DC  = P2^2;     //1дÊý¾Ý£¬0дָÁî
sbit SDIN = P2^3;    //Êý¾Ý
sbit SCLK = P2^4;    //ʱÖÓ

extern void LCD_Init(void);
extern void LCD_Clear(void);
extern void LCD_Set_XY(unsigned char X, unsigned char Y);
extern void LCD_SendChar(char);         // Write one character.
extern void LCD_SendStr(const char *s);

#endif

LCD5110.c

#include "./Includes/MacroAndConst.h"
#include "./Includes/Font.h"
#include "./Includes/LCD5110.h"

static void Delay_Ms( byte bl_Ms )
{
word i = 0;
bl_Ms *= 500;
for (i = 0; i <bl_Ms; i++);
}

/*--------------------------------------------
LCD_write_byte: ʹÓÃSPI½Ó¿ÚдÊý¾Ýµ½LCD
ÊäÈë²ÎÊý£ºdt£ºÐ´ÈëµÄÊý¾Ý£»
command £ºÐ´Êý¾Ý/ÃüÁîÑ¡Ôñ£»
----------------------------------------------*/
static void LCD_Write_Byte(unsigned char dt, unsigned char command)
{
unsigned char i;

SCE=0;
DC=command;
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
{
if(dt&0x80)
SDIN=1;
else
SDIN=0;
dt=dt<<1;
SCLK=0;
SCLK=1;
}
DC=1;
SCE=1;
SDIN=1;
}

void LCD_Init(void)
{
RST=0;
Delay_Ms(1);
RST=1;

LCD_Write_Byte(0x21,0);		//³õʼ»¯Lcd,¹¦ÄÜÉ趨ʹÓÃÀ©³äÖ¸Áî
LCD_Write_Byte(0xd0,0);		//É趨Һ¾§Æ«Öõçѹ
LCD_Write_Byte(0x20,0);		//ʹÓûù±¾Ö¸Áî
LCD_Write_Byte(0x0C,0);		//É趨ÏÔʾģʽ£¬Õý³£ÏÔʾ

LCD_Clear();
}

/*-------------------------------------------
LCD_set_XY: ÉèÖÃLCD×ø±êº¯Êý
ÊäÈë²ÎÊý£ºX£º0£­83  Y£º0£­5
---------------------------------------------*/
void LCD_Set_XY(unsigned char X, unsigned char Y)
{
LCD_Write_Byte(0x40 | (Y&0x07), 0);// column
LCD_Write_Byte(0x80 | (X&0x7f), 0);// row
}

/*------------------------------------------
LCD_clear: LCDÇåÆÁº¯Êý
--------------------------------------------*/
void LCD_Clear(void)
{
unsigned char t;
unsigned char k;
LCD_Set_XY(0,0);
for(t=0;t<6;t++)
{
for(k=0;k<84;k++)
{
LCD_Write_Byte(0x00,1);
}
}
}

/******************************************************************************
* º¯ Êý Ãû: LCD_SendChar(char x)
* º¯Êý¹¦ÄÜ: ·¢Ë͵¥×Ö·û
* Èë¿Ú²ÎÊý: ÎÞ
* ·µ    »Ø: ÎÞ
*******************************************************************************/
void LCD_SendChar(char x)
{
int a;
char c,b;
LCD_Write_Byte(0x20,0);
if((x<0x20)||(x>0x7f))
return;
a=((5*x)-160);
for(b=5;b>0;b--)
{
c=table[a];
LCD_Write_Byte(c,1);
a++;
}
LCD_Write_Byte(0x00,1);
}

/******************************************************************************
* º¯ Êý Ãû: SendStr(char x)
* º¯Êý¹¦ÄÜ: ·¢Ëͳ¤×Ö·û
* Èë¿Ú²ÎÊý: ÎÞ
* ·µ    »Ø: ÎÞ
*******************************************************************************/
void LCD_SendStr(const char *s)
{
while(*s)
{
LCD_SendChar(*s++);
}
}

调试手记二就写到这里，明天开始第三篇。