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nutch研究—基本使用相关说明

2011-07-15 18:13 197 查看
nutch 研究几乎花费了我半个月的时间,现在把一些过程和遇到错误和解决办法归纳如下:1、准备工作(软件)windows环境下: nutch-1.2的开源包,最新版1.3暂时不会用 cygwin软件:windows下模拟linux环境 tomcat6.0服务器:我从官网直接下载的非安装版 jdk1.6以上版本2、步骤: jdk安装:配置环境变量 tomcat6.0: 我放在C:\tomcat-6.0,启动服务C:\tomcat-6.0\bin\startup.bat; 关闭服务C:\tomcat-6.0\bin\shutdown.bat cygwin安装(最重要): 安装默认路径:C:\cygwin 配置环境变量:path中加上;C:\cygwin\bin(;不可少);另一变量CYGWIN,变量值nodosfilewarning(否则会出错) 测试安装成功:打开cygwin,切换到nutch-1.2(为了方便,把nutch-1.2解压缩到C:\cygwin\home\nxh下)目录在,输入bin/nutch 出现帮助信息说明安装成功 1.在Nutch安装目录下新建一个urls目录,在urls目录中添加一个文本文件,其内容可以是你想抓取的网站的url地址。我的示例地址为www.sina.com.cn. 2.修改conf/crawl-urlfilter.txt.过滤规则以“+”表示允许下载。默认的规则如下: +^http://([a-z0-9]*\.)*MY.DOMAIN.NAME/ 可以更改设置为+^http://([a-z0-9]*\.)*sina.com.cn/ 3修改conf/nutch-site.xml文件,源文件是<configuration></configuration>,在这两个标签内加上如下代码: <property> <name>http.agent.name</name> <value>myfirsttest</value> <description>HTTP 'User-Agent' request header. MUST NOT be empty - please set this to a single word uniquely related to your organization.
NOTE: You should also check other related properties: http.robots.agents http.agent.description http.agent.url http.agent.email http.agent.version
and set their values appropriately.
</description> </property>
<property> <name>http.agent.description</name> <value>myfirsttest</value> <description>Further description of our bot- this text is used in the User-Agent header. It appears in parenthesis after the agent name. </description> </property>
<property> <name>http.agent.url</name> <value>myfirsttest.com</value> <description>A URL to advertise in the User-Agent header. This will appear in parenthesis after the agent name. Custom dictates that this should be a URL of a page explaining the purpose and behavior of this crawler. </description> </property>
<property> <name>http.agent.email</name> <value>test@test.com</value> <description>An email address to advertise in the HTTP 'From' request header and User-Agent header. A good practice is to mangle this address (e.g. 'info at example dot com') to avoid spamming. </description> </property> 4.执行crawl命令。典型的命令如下: bin/nutch crawl urls -dir sohu -depth 3 -topN 100 -threads 3 >& sohu.log -dir :存放爬行结果的目录 -depth:抓取的页面深度 -topN:每一层抓取前N个URL -threads:下载的线程数目3、搜索 将Nutch目录下面Nutch-1.2.war部署到tomcat的wepapp目录下,启动tomcat.在解压后的nutch-1.2目录下找到nutch-site.xml文件,修改其内容如下: <configuration> <property> <name>http.agent.name</name> <value>myfirsttest</value> </property> <property> <name>searcher.dir</name> <value>C:/cygwin/home/nxh/nutch-1.2/sohu</value> </property> </configuration> 重新启动Tomcat。通过浏览器访问:http://localhost:8080/nutch-1.2 ,将看到搜索页面: 1. 搜索中文出现乱码,但这并不是nutch的问题,修改tomcat配置文件tomcat6\conf\server.xml。增加URIEncoding/useBodyEncodingForURI两 项。 <Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" connectionTimeout="20000" redirectPort="8443" URIEncoding="UTF-8" useBodyEncodingForURI="true"/> 2.网页快照出现乱码,修改webapps\nutch-1.2 \cached.jsp,将content = new String(bean.getContent(details))修改为content = new String(bean.getContent(details),"utf-8")。 修改参考文章: Nutch1.2 添加IKAnalyzer中文分词:http://blog.csdn.net/jiutao_tang/article/details/6461884 Nutch 二次开发需要修改的东西:http://blog.csdn.net/jiutao_tang/article/details/6524346 Nutch二次开发总结(二):http://hi.baidu.com/jessicakey/blog/item/3423ad4924956ee382025c98.html
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