用Application Updater Block生成一个自我更新的WinForms 应用

在过去的两个星期里, 我一直在做我的第一个真正的.net WinForm应用的开发. 这是一个很有趣的过程,我一直在疯了似的学习东西. 其中之一就是我要允许应用程序能够用微软的Application Updater Block进行自我更新。 当它正常工作的那一刻，让我有一种很大的成就感，同时我也意识到微软没有提供那种按步骤顺序的例子。 Duncan Mackenzie 有一个 很好的blog文章 可以做一个开始，但是这个例子是VB做的并且没有提供RSA公钥和私钥的细节情况，所以我决定说一下我的工作过程。 希望能对你有用！

Step #1 Install the Application Blocks

Download the Updater Application Block from Microsoft .

Run the MSI Installer.

Step #2 在项目中加入代码和引用:

把下列工程加入到你的WinForm工程所在的解决方案:

Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.ApplicationUpdater
Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.ApplicationUpdater.Interfaces
Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.ExceptionManagement
Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.ExceptionManagement.Interfaces

如果你选择默认安装的话，它们的位置可能是：

C:/Program Files/Microsoft Application Blocks for .NET/Updater/Code/CS/Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.Updater

在你的WinForm工程中引用下列工程

Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.ApplicationUpdater
Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.ApplicationUpdater.Interfaces
Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.ExceptionManagement

把下列命名空间加入到你Form的.cs文件中

using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.Threading;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO;
using System.Xml;
然后 添加这个位置的应用程序更新代码到你的代码中. 你需要从你的MainForm初始化方法中调用 InitializeAutoUpdate()。

Step #3 生成你应用程序的发布目录结构并配置 AppStart.exe

生成一个用于客户端程序安装的目录. 本例子中，我们用如下的目录：

C:/Program Files/YourApp/1.0.0.0/

现在复制 AppStart.exe 和 AppStart.exe.config 到类似如下的根目录中

C:/Program Files/YourApp/AppStart.exe
C:/Program Files/YourApp/AppStart.exe.config

说明: 这两个文件你可以在如下目录中找到 “C:/Program Files/Microsoft Application Blocks for .NET/Updater/Code/CS/Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.Updater/AppStart/bin/Debug“

Step #4 修改 AppStart.exe.config 文件

AppStart.exe 会启动你的应用程序，如果更新文件下载完成之后还有可能要重启. 它需要知道启动你最新的程序的目录位置.
修改配置文件以配合当前的版本:

<appStart>
<ClientApplicationInfo>
<appFolderName>C:Program FilesYourApp1.0.0.0</appFolderName>
<appExeName>YourAppName.exe</appExeName>
<installedVersion>1.0.0.0</installedVersion>
<lastUpdated>2004-06-10T15:33:17.3745836-04:00</lastUpdated>
</ClientApplicationInfo>
</appStart>
Step #5: 生成你的公钥和私钥

运行 "C:/Program Files/Microsoft Application Blocks for .NET/Updater/Code/CS/Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.Updater/ManifestUtility/bin/Debug/ManifestUtility.exe"

选择 “File..Generate Keys” 会提示你是否需要保存: PublicKey.xml 和 PrivateKey.xml 这两个密钥接下来就会用到.

我这里要提醒大家，这些密钥只要生成一次就可以了, 因为下面几个地方需要引用到RSA公钥和私钥. 你需要把这些密钥存放在一个安全的地方，因为在发布一个新的更新的时候会用到它

Step #6 创建IIS 虚拟目录

在你的Web服务器上生成一个目录来存放你的更新文件. 在这两个目录中要放两样东西 1) ServerManifest.xml 文件，包含最后版本的一些信息；2) 你的新程序的目录. 在这个目录里，生成一个目录来存放你的新版本程序. 在我们的例子中，我们用这两个目录, C:/Inetpub/AppUpdates 和C:/Inetpub/AppUpdates/1.0.0.1

用 IIS 管理器生成一个虚拟目录指向刚才的实际目录. 记下你的 URL, 在上传步骤中我们需要用到它. 你必须要打开虚拟目录的“目录浏览”选项.

Step #7. 配置你的版本 1.0.0.0 的App.config 文件

这里，我们会需要往里添加一些新东西. 首先, 我们需要加入一个configSections 元素来定义我们的 appUpdater 节:

<configSections>
<section name="appUpdater" type="Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.ApplicationUpdater.UpdaterSectionHandler,Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.ApplicationUpdater" />
</configSections>

接下来，我们需要添加一个 Version 键到我们的 appsettings 中, 我们首先设置我们的本地版本为 1.0.0.0, 这样我们就可以测试自动更新到版本 1.0.0.1

<appSettings>
<add key="VERSION" value="1.0.0.0" />
</appSettings>

最后，, 加入 appUpdater 节到你的配置文件中. 我这里用一对方括号把你要修改的值包含起来. 你可以直接从你上一步生成的 PublicKey.xml文件中复制 <RSAKeyValue> 元素.

<xmlFile> 元素必须要指向你在Step #6创建的虚拟目录的 URL .

<appUpdater>
<UpdaterConfiguration>
<polling type="Seconds" value="120" />
<logListener logPath="C:Program FilesYourAppUpdaterLog.txt" />
<downloader type="Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.ApplicationUpdater.Downloaders.BITSDownloader"
assembly="Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.ApplicationUpdater,Version=1.0.0.0,Culture=neutral,PublicKeyToken=null"/>
<validator type="Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.ApplicationUpdater.Validators.RSAValidator" assembly="Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.ApplicationUpdater,Version=1.0.0.0,Culture=neutral,PublicKeyToken=null">
<key>
<RSAKeyValue>
<Modulus>[YOUR MODULUS KEY]</Modulus>
<Exponent>[YOUR EXPONENET]</Exponent>
</RSAKeyValue>
</key>
</validator>
<application name="[YOUR APP NAME]" useValidation="true">
<client>
<baseDir>C:Program FilesYourApp</baseDir>
<xmlFile>C:Program FilesYourAppAppStart.exe.config</xmlFile>
<tempDir>C:Program FilesYourApp emp</tempDir>
</client>
<server>
<xmlFile>http://[YOUR URL]/ServerManifest.xml</xmlFile>
<xmlFileDest>C:Program FilesYourAppServerManifest.xml</xmlFileDest>
<maxWaitXmlFile>60000</maxWaitXmlFile>
</server>
</application>
</UpdaterConfiguration>
</appUpdater>
Step #8 发布版本 1.0.0.0

设置应用程序版本号. 可以通过设置在 AssemblyInfo.cs 文件中的版本属性来设置版本号.

[assembly: AssemblyVersion("1.0.0.0")]

编译应用程序并复制 1.0.0.0 版程序到你程序的 1.0.0.0 目录中. “C:/Program Files/YourApp/1.0.0.0“

这里，你需要运行一下 AppStart.exe. 更新过程会失败，因为我们并没有把发布 ServerManifest XML 文件来指示应用程序新版本是否可用. 你可以检查日志文件，位置在 C:/Program Files/YourApp/ 目录中.

Step #9 构建版本 1.0.0.1

这是最有趣的部分. 首先, 通过更新应用程序的 AssemblyInfo.cs 和 App.config 文件内容来生成修订版本 1.0.0.1 . 编译程序, 然后复制文件到step #6生成的Web服务器目录中.

Step #10 生成服务器的清单文件

这个是最后一步. 如果你对本步骤中的.config文件作了任何修改的话，都必须把本步骤重来一遍. 做法如下:

再次运行 ManifestUtility 程序.
在 “Update files folder“ 选择器中选择 1.0.0.1 目录 .
输入更新位置的 URL .
输入新版本号 1.0.0.1
打开之前生成的 PrivateKey.xml 文件.
选择验证类 “Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.ApplicationUpdater.Validators.RSAValidator”
鼠标点击 CreateManifest, 并保存 ServerManifest.xml 文件到你的虚拟服务器目录中.
就这些! Pheeew! 从你的 C:/Program Files/YourApp/ 目录中运行你的 AppStart.exe . 你的程序就会被装入, 当你的程序运行的时候，你就会得到一个提示 “新版本可用” . 新版本会下载到目录 C:/Program Files/YourApp/1.0.0.1 中, 然后程序会自动重启. 如果有任何问题, 记得检查一下日志文件. 这些日志在诊断问题的时候会很有用的.

-Brendan

posted on Thursday, June 10, 2004 11:25 AM

附录：文中步骤 #2 包含的代码如下：

Auto-Update StuffAuto-Update Stuff#region Auto-Update Stuff

private ApplicationUpdateManager _updater = null;
private Thread _updaterThread = null;
private const int UPDATERTHREAD_JOIN_TIMEOUT = 3 * 1000;

private delegate void MarshalEventDelegate( object sender, UpdaterActionEventArgs e );

private void InitializeAutoUpdate()
...{
// hook ProcessExit for a chance to clean up when closed peremptorily
AppDomain.CurrentDomain.ProcessExit +=new EventHandler(CurrentDomain_ProcessExit);

// make an Updater for use in-process with us
_updater = new ApplicationUpdateManager();

// hook Updater events
_updater.DownloadStarted +=new UpdaterActionEventHandler( OnUpdaterDownloadStarted );
_updater.FilesValidated +=new UpdaterActionEventHandler( OnUpdaterFilesValidated );
_updater.UpdateAvailable +=new UpdaterActionEventHandler( OnUpdaterUpdateAvailable );
_updater.DownloadCompleted +=new UpdaterActionEventHandler(OnUpdaterDownloadCompleted);

// start the updater on a separate thread so that our UI remains responsive
_updaterThread = new Thread( new ThreadStart( _updater.StartUpdater ) );
_updaterThread.Start();

// get version from config, set caption correctly
string version = System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["version"];
this.Text = this.Text + String.Format(" v. {0}", version);
}

private void CurrentDomain_ProcessExit(object sender, EventArgs e)
...{
StopUpdater();
}

private void StopUpdater()
...{
// tell updater to stop
_updater.StopUpdater();
if( null != _updaterThread )
...{
// join the updater thread with a suitable timeout
bool isThreadJoined = _updaterThread.Join( UPDATERTHREAD_JOIN_TIMEOUT );
// check if we joined, if we didn't interrupt the thread
if( !isThreadJoined )
...{
_updaterThread.Interrupt();
}
_updaterThread = null;
}
}

/**//**//**//// <summary>
/// This handler gets fired by the Windows UI thread that is the main STA thread for THIS FORM. It takes the same
/// arguments as the event handler below it--sender, e--and acts on them using the main thread NOT the eventing thread
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender">marshalled reference to the original event's sender argument</param>
/// <param name="e">marshalled reference to the original event's args</param>
private void OnUpdaterDownloadStartedHandler( object sender, UpdaterActionEventArgs e )
...{
Debug.WriteLine("Thread: " + Thread.CurrentThread.GetHashCode().ToString());

Debug.WriteLine(String.Format( " DownloadStarted for application '{0}'", e.ApplicationName ));
}

/**//**//**//// <summary>
/// Event handler for Updater event. This event is fired by the originating thread from "inside" the Updater. While it is
/// possible for this same thread to act on our UI, it is NOT a good thing to do--UI is not threadsafe.
/// Therefore here we marshal from the Eventing thread (belongs to Updater) to our window thread using the synchronous Invoke
/// mechanism.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender">event sender in this case ApplicationUpdaterManager</param>
/// <param name="e">the UpdaterActionEventArgs packaged by Updater, which gives us access to update information</param>
private void OnUpdaterDownloadStarted( object sender, UpdaterActionEventArgs e )
...{
// using the synchronous "Invoke". This marshals from the eventing thread--which comes from the Updater and should not
// be allowed to enter and "touch" the UI's window thread
// so we use Invoke which allows us to block the Updater thread at will while only allowing window thread to update UI
Debug.WriteLine( String.Format( "[OnUpdaterDownloadStarted]Thread: {0}", Thread.CurrentThread.GetHashCode().ToString()) );
this.Invoke(
new MarshalEventDelegate( this.OnUpdaterDownloadStartedHandler ),
new object[] ...{ sender, e } );
}

/**//**//**//// <summary>
/// This handler gets fired by the Windows UI thread that is the main STA thread for THIS FORM. It takes the same
/// arguments as the event handler below it--sender, e--and acts on them using the main thread NOT the eventing thread
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender">marshalled reference to the original event's sender argument</param>
/// <param name="e">marshalled reference to the original event's args</param>
private void OnUpdaterFilesValidatedHandler( object sender, UpdaterActionEventArgs e )
...{
Debug.WriteLine(String.Format("FilesValidated successfully for application '{0}' ", e.ApplicationName));

// ask user to use new app
DialogResult dialog = MessageBox.Show(
"Would you like to stop this application and open the new version?", "Open New Version?", MessageBoxButtons.YesNo );
if( DialogResult.Yes == dialog )
...{
StartNewVersion( e.ServerInformation );
}
}

/**//**//**//// <summary>
/// Event handler for Updater event. This event is fired by the originating thread from "inside" the Updater. While it is
/// possible for this same thread to act on our UI, it is NOT a good thing to do--UI is not threadsafe.
/// Therefore here we marshal from the Eventing thread (belongs to Updater) to our window thread using the synchronous Invoke
/// mechanism.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender">event sender in this case ApplicationUpdaterManager</param>
/// <param name="e">the UpdaterActionEventArgs packaged by Updater, which gives us access to update information</param>
private void OnUpdaterFilesValidated( object sender, UpdaterActionEventArgs e )
...{
// using the asynchronous "BeginInvoke".
// we don't need/want to block here
this.BeginInvoke(
new MarshalEventDelegate( this.OnUpdaterFilesValidatedHandler ),
new object[] ...{ sender, e } );
}

/**//**//**//// <summary>
/// This handler gets fired by the Windows UI thread that is the main STA thread for THIS FORM. It takes the same
/// arguments as the event handler below it--sender, e--and acts on them using the main thread NOT the eventing thread
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender">marshalled reference to the original event's sender argument</param>
/// <param name="e">marshalled reference to the original event's args</param>
private void OnUpdaterUpdateAvailableHandler( object sender, UpdaterActionEventArgs e )
...{
Debug.WriteLine("Thread: " + Thread.CurrentThread.GetHashCode().ToString());

string message = String.Format(
"Update available: The new version on the server is {0} and current version is {1} would you like to upgrade?",
e.ServerInformation.AvailableVersion,
System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["version"] ) ;

// for update available we actually WANT to block the downloading thread so we can refuse an update
// and reset until next polling cycle;
// NOTE that we don't block the thread _in the UI_, we have it blocked at the marshalling dispatcher "OnUpdaterUpdateAvailable"
DialogResult dialog = MessageBox.Show( message, "Update Available", MessageBoxButtons.YesNo );

if( DialogResult.No == dialog )
...{
// if no, stop the updater for this app
_updater.StopUpdater( e.ApplicationName );
Debug.WriteLine("Update Cancelled.");
}
else
...{
Debug.WriteLine("Update in progress.");
}
}

/**//**//**//// <summary>
/// Event handler for Updater event. This event is fired by the originating thread from "inside" the Updater. While it is
/// possible for this same thread to act on our UI, it is NOT a good thing to do--UI is not threadsafe.
/// Therefore here we marshal from the Eventing thread (belongs to Updater) to our window thread using the synchronous Invoke
/// mechanism.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender">event sender in this case ApplicationUpdaterManager</param>
/// <param name="e">the UpdaterActionEventArgs packaged by Updater, which gives us access to update information</param>
private void OnUpdaterUpdateAvailable( object sender, UpdaterActionEventArgs e )
...{
// using the synchronous "Invoke". This marshals from the eventing thread--which comes from the Updater and should not
// be allowed to enter and "touch" the UI's window thread
// so we use Invoke which allows us to block the Updater thread at will while only allowing window thread to update UI
this.Invoke(
new MarshalEventDelegate( this.OnUpdaterUpdateAvailableHandler ),
new object[] ...{ sender, e } );
}

/**//**//**//// <summary>
/// This handler gets fired by the Windows UI thread that is the main STA thread for THIS FORM. It takes the same
/// arguments as the event handler below it--sender, e--and acts on them using the main thread NOT the eventing thread
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender">marshalled reference to the original event's sender argument</param>
/// <param name="e">marshalled reference to the original event's args</param>
private void OnUpdaterDownloadCompletedHandler( object sender, UpdaterActionEventArgs e )
...{
Debug.WriteLine("Download Completed.");

}

/**//**//**//// <summary>
/// Event handler for Updater event. This event is fired by the originating thread from "inside" the Updater. While it is
/// possible for this same thread to act on our UI, it is NOT a good thing to do--UI is not threadsafe.
/// Therefore here we marshal from the Eventing thread (belongs to Updater) to our window thread using the synchronous Invoke
/// mechanism.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender">event sender in this case ApplicationUpdaterManager</param>
/// <param name="e">the UpdaterActionEventArgs packaged by Updater, which gives us access to update information</param>
private void OnUpdaterDownloadCompleted( object sender, UpdaterActionEventArgs e )
...{
// using the synchronous "Invoke". This marshals from the eventing thread--which comes from the Updater and should not
// be allowed to enter and "touch" the UI's window thread
// so we use Invoke which allows us to block the Updater thread at will while only allowing window thread to update UI
this.Invoke(
new MarshalEventDelegate( this.OnUpdaterDownloadCompletedHandler ),
new object[] ...{ sender, e } );
}

private void StartNewVersion( ServerApplicationInfo server )
...{
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();

// load config file to get base dir
doc.Load( AppDomain.CurrentDomain.SetupInformation.ConfigurationFile );

// get the base dir
string baseDir = doc.SelectSingleNode("configuration/appUpdater/UpdaterConfiguration/application/client/baseDir").InnerText;
string newDir = Path.Combine( baseDir, "AppStart.exe" );

ProcessStartInfo process = new ProcessStartInfo( newDir );
process.WorkingDirectory = Path.Combine( newDir , server.AvailableVersion );

// launch new version (actually, launch AppStart.exe which HAS pointer to new version )
Process.Start( process );

// tell updater to stop
CurrentDomain_ProcessExit( null, null );
// leave this app
Environment.Exit( 0 );
}