功能丰富的 Perl: 一行程序

# add first and penultimate columns
# NOTE the equivalent awk script:
# awk '{i = NF - 1; print $1 + $i}'
perl -lane 'print $F[0] + $F[-2]'

while (<>)
{
@F = split(' ');
print $F[0] + $F[-2]; # offset -2 means "2nd to last element of the array"
}

# 1. just lines 15 to 17
perl -ne 'print if 15 .. 17'
# 2. just lines NOT between line 10 and 20
perl -ne 'print unless 10 .. 20'
# 3. lines between START and END
perl -ne 'print if /^START$/ .. /^END$/'
# 4. lines NOT between START and END
perl -ne 'print unless /^START$/ .. /^END$/'

# just lines 15 to 17, efficiently
perl -ne 'print if $. >= 15; exit if $. >= 17;'

# 1. in-place edit of *.c files changing all foo to bar
perl -p -i.bak -e 's/bfoob/bar/g' *.c
# 2. delete first 10 lines
perl -i.old -ne 'print unless 1 .. 10' foo.txt
# 3. change all the isolated oldvar occurrences to newvar
perl -i.old -pe 's{boldvarb}{newvar}g' *.[chy]
# 4. increment all numbers found in these files
perl -i.tiny -pe 's/(d+)/ 1 + $1 /ge' file1 file2 ....
# 5. delete all but lines between START and END
perl -i.old -ne 'print unless /^START$/ .. /^END$/' foo.txt
# 6. binary edit (careful!)
perl -i.bak -pe 's/Mozilla/Slopoke/g' /usr/local/bin/netscape

# 1. command-line that reverses the whole input by lines
#    (printing each line in reverse order)
perl -e 'print reverse <>' file1 file2 file3 ....
# 2. command-line that shows each line with its characters backwards
perl -nle 'print scalar reverse $_' file1 file2 file3 ....
# 3. find palindromes in the /usr/dict/words dictionary file
perl -lne '$_ = lc $_; print if $_ eq reverse' /usr/dict/words
# 4. command-line that reverses all the bytes in a file
perl -0777e 'print scalar reverse <>' f1 f2 f3 ...
# 5. command-line that reverses each paragraph in the file but prints
#    them in order
perl -00 -e 'print reverse <>' file1 file2 file3 ....

# replace string XYZ with a random number less than 611 in these files
perl -i.bak -pe "s/XYZ/int rand(611)/e" f1 f2 f3

# 1. Run basename on contents of file
perl -pe "s@.*/@@gio" INDEX
# 2. Run dirname on contents of file
perl -pe 's@^(.*/)[^/]+@$1n@' INDEX
# 3. Run basename on contents of file
perl -MFile::Basename -ne 'print basename $_' INDEX
# 4. Run dirname on contents of file
perl -MFile::Basename -ne 'print dirname $_' INDEX

# 1. write command to mv dirs XYZ_asd to Asd
# (you may have to preface each '!' with a '' depending on your shell)
ls | perl -pe 's!([^_]+)_(.)(.*)!mv $1_$2$3 u$2E$3!gio'
# 2. Write a shell script to move input from xyz to Xyz
ls | perl -ne 'chop; printf "mv $_ %sn", ucfirst $_;'

#!/usr/bin/perl -w
use Regexp::Common qw/net/; # provides the regular expressions for IP matching
my $replacement = shift @ARGV; # get the new IP address
die "You must provide $0 with a replacement string for the IP 111.111.111.111"
unless $replacement;
# we require that $replacement be JUST a valid IP address
die "Invalid IP address provided: [$replacement]"
unless $replacement =~ m/^$RE{net}{IPv4}$/;
# replace the string in each file
foreach my $file ($0, qw[/etc/hosts /etc/defaultrouter /etc/ethers], @ARGV)
{
# note that we know $replacement is a valid IP address, so this is
# not a dangerous invocation
my $command = "perl -p -i.bak -e 's/111.111.111.111/$replacement/g' $file";
print "Executing [$command]n";
system($command);
}