在Oracle (CentOS) Linux 5.5 (x32/x64)上安装Oracle 10g r2

在Oracle (CentOS) Linux 5.5 (x32/x64)上安装Oracle 10g r2
（原创： flexitime ，转载请注明出处，谢谢）
1.安装rpm包
nano /v.sh
将下面内容复制进去
对于 x64位版

#!/bin/bash rpm -Uvh kernel-headers-2.6.18-194.el5.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh glibc-headers-2.5-49.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh glibc-devel-2.5-49.i386.rpm rpm -Uvh glibc-devel-2.5-49.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh libgomp-4.4.0-6.el5.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-4.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh libstdc++-devel-4.1.2-48.el5.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh gcc-4.1.2-48.el5.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh gcc-c++-4.1.2-48.el5.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh make-3.81-3.el5.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh libXp-1.0.0-8.1.el5.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh libXp-1.0.0-8.1.el5.i386.rpm rpm -Uvh openmotif-2.3.1-2.el5_4.1.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh setarch-2.0-1.1.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh compat-db-4.2.52-5.1.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-4.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh compat-gcc-34-c++-3.4.6-4.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh libXau-devel-1.0.1-3.1.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh libXau-devel-1.0.1-3.1.i386.rpm rpm -Uvh libXp-devel-1.0.0-8.1.el5.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh libXp-devel-1.0.0-8.1.el5.i386.rpm

对于 x32版本

#!/bin/bash rpm -Uvh kernel-headers-2.6.18-194.el5.i386.rpm rpm -Uvh glibc-headers-2.5-49.i386.rpm rpm -Uvh glibc-devel-2.5-49.i386.rpm rpm -Uvh libgomp-4.4.0-6.el5.i386.rpm rpm -Uvh compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-4.i386.rpm rpm -Uvh libstdc++-devel-4.1.2-48.el5.i386.rpm rpm -Uvh gcc-4.1.2-48.el5.i386.rpm rpm -Uvh gcc-c++-4.1.2-48.el5.i386.rpm rpm -Uvh make-3.81-3.el5.i386.rpm rpm -Uvh libXp-1.0.0-8.1.el5.i386.rpm rpm -Uvh openmotif-2.3.1-2.el5_4.1.i386.rpm rpm -Uvh setarch-2.0-1.1.i386.rpm rpm -Uvh compat-db-4.2.52-5.1.i386.rpm rpm -Uvh compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-4.i386.rpm rpm -Uvh compat-gcc-34-c++-3.4.6-4.i386.rpm rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.i386.rpm rpm -Uvh libXau-devel-1.0.1-3.1.i386.rpm rpm -Uvh libXp-devel-1.0.0-8.1.el5.i386.rpm

存盘，
转到安装 dvd的rpm目录下（Centos是Centos 目录, Oralce Linux是 Server目录），执行
bash /v.sh

2.调整内核参数
nano /etc/sysctl.conf

#将原来的# kernel.shmmax和kernel.shmall这两行参数屏蔽

kernel.shmall = 2097152 kernel.shmmax = 2147483648 kernel.shmmni = 4096 # semaphores: semmsl, semmns, semopm, semmni kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 fs.file-max = 65536 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000 net.core.rmem_default=262144 net.core.rmem_max=262144 net.core.wmem_default=262144 net.core.wmem_max=262144

/sbin/sysctl –p --重新加载

nano /etc/security/limits.conf --加入以下四行代码

* soft nproc 2047 * hard nproc 16384 * soft nofile 1024 * hard nofile 65536

nano /etc/pam.d/login --加入下面一行代码

session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so

3.增加用户及组
groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
groupadd oper
useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
passwd oracle

4.创建安装Oracle的文件夹，并设置其相应权限给Oracle用户。
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
chown -R oracle.oinstall /u01
chmod 775 /u01

5.伪装操作系统版本，使安装Oracle时，通过操作系统验证。
cp /etc/redhat-release /etc/redhat-release.bak
nano /etc/redhat-release
替换为如下代码：

redhat-4

6. 设置Oracle环境变量(可根据你的需要作适当更改)

nano /home/oracle/.bash_profile --加入内容如下

# Oracle Settings TMP=/tmp; export TMP TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID=orcl; export ORACLE_SID ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jre:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fi fi

7.将安装包文件复制到/u01/中

gunzip 10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio.gz
cpio -idmv < 10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio
rm 10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio
cd /
chown -R oracle.oinstall /u01

8.以oracle身份登录图形界面进行安装
cd /u01/database
./runInstaller

安装完成后，以root用户执行

cd /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/
./orainstRoot.sh

cd /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/
./root.sh

9.修复乱码问题，
如果启动 em（http://your_oracle server ip_address:1158/em）出现乱码，那么按照以下方法修复

在网上下载zysong.ttf
(http://blogimg.chinaunix.net/blog/upfile2/090331105520.rar)字体文件，并将此文件解压放到 root的home目录下

修改java环境设置
cd $ORACLE_HOME/jdk/jre/lib
mv font.properties font.properties.bak
cp font.properties.zh_CN.Redhat font.properties

cd $ORACLE_HOME/jre/1.4.2/lib
mv font.properties font.properties.bak
cp font.properties.zh_CN.Redhat font.properties

复制新的字体文件
mkdir -p /usr/share/fonts/zh_CN/TrueType/
cp ~/zysong.ttf /usr/share/fonts/zh_CN/TrueType/

清空缓存
rm $ORACLE_HOME/oc4j/j2ee/oc4j_applications/applications/em/em/cabo/images/cache/zhs/*.gif

10.将Oracle改成自启动
1.编辑 /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/dbstart
查找：
# Set this to bring up Oracle Net Listener
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=/ade/vikrkuma_new/oracle

　　应该是在78行，将其改为：

# Set this to bring up Oracle Net Listener
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME

2.编辑 /etc/oratab
最下一行

orcl:/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1:N

改为

orcl:/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1:Y

3.新建一个文件 nano /etc/init.d/oracledb

#!/bin/bash # # oracledb This Starts/Stops the Oracle Server # chkconfig: 345 99 10 # description: script for the Oracle Instance, Listener # /etc/init.d/oracledb # # Run-level Startup script for the Oracle Listener and Instances # It relies on the information on /etc/oratab export ORACLE_OWNR=oracle export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1 echo "Oracle Script init.d" if [ ! -f $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart -o ! -d $ORACLE_HOME ] then echo "Oracle startup: cannot start" exit 1 fi case "$1" in start) # Oracle listener and instance startup echo -n "Starting Oracle: " su - $ORACLE_OWNR -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start" su - $ORACLE_OWNR -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart $ORACLE_HOME" su - $ORACLE_OWNR -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl start dbconsole" touch /var/lock/oracle echo "OK" ;; stop) # Oracle listener and instance shutdown echo -n "Shutdown Oracle: " su - $ORACLE_OWNR -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl stop dbconsole" su - $ORACLE_OWNR -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop" su - $ORACLE_OWNR -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut $ORACLE_HOME" rm -f /var/lock/oracle echo "OK" ;; reload|restart) $0 stop $0 start ;; *) echo "Usage: `basename $0` start|stop|restart|reload" exit 1 esac exit 0

------------------备注说明 ---------------------------------
# chkconfig: 345 99 10
指出3，4，5级别启动这个服务，99是在相应的/etc/rc.d/rcN.d(N为前面指定的
级别，这里是345)目录下生成的链接文件的序号(启动优先级别)S99oradbstart，
10为在除前面指出的级别对应的/etc/rc.d/rcN.d(N为除345之外的级别)目录生成的
链接文件的序号(服务停止的优先级别)K10oradbstart

撤销服务的话：chkconfig --del oracledb

4.增加启动项
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracledb
/sbin/chkconfig --add oracledb
/sbin/chkconfig --list |grep oracle