在CentOS5.5安装Oracle 11.2

在CentOS5.5安装Oracle 11.2
（原创： flexitime ，转载请注明出处，谢谢）

1.安装 CentOS 5.5 i386，全部默认安装，关闭SELinux，关闭防火墙。
2.检查rpm包
# rpm -qa --queryformat "%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH})/n"|/
egrep "binutils|compat-libstdc++|elfutils-libelf|gcc|glibc|kernel-headers|ksh|libaio|libgcc|libgomp|libstdc|make|sysstat|unixODBC|pdksh"|sort

安装rpm包，在光盘中放入CentOS55的DVD
执行以下命令（注，如所缺的不止这些包，请另行再安装，所要的包可以参考Oracle的标准安装文档）

mount -r -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /media
cd /media/CentOS
rpm -ivh compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.i386.rpm
rpm -ivh elfutils-libelf-devel-0.137-3.el5.i386.rpm elfutils-libelf-devel-static-0.137-3.el5.i386.rpm
rpm -ivh libstdc++-devel-4.1.2-48.el5.i386.rpm
rpm -ivh kernel-headers-2.6.18-194.el5.i386.rpm
rpm -ivh glibc-headers-2.5-49.i386.rpm
rpm -ivh glibc-devel-2.5-49.i386.rpm
rpm -ivh libgomp-4.4.0-6.el5.i386.rpm
rpm -ivh glibc-devel-2.5-49.i386.rpm
rpm -ivh gcc-4.1.2-48.el5.i386.rpm
rpm -ivh gcc-c++-4.1.2-48.el5.i386.rpm
rpm -ivh libaio-devel-0.3.106-5.i386.rpm
rpm -ivh sysstat-7.0.2-3.el5.i386.rpm
rpm -ivh unixODBC-2.2.11-7.1.i386.rpm
rpm -ivh unixODBC-devel-2.2.11-7.1.i386.rpm
rpm -ivh pdksh-5.2.14-36.el5.i386.rpm

3.修改 /etc/inittab（非必要）
gedit /etc/inittab 或 nano /etc/inittab
找到

# Default runlevel. The runlevels used by RHS are:
# 0 - halt (Do NOT set initdefault to this)
# 1 - Single user mode
# 2 - Multiuser, without NFS (The same as 3, if you do not have networking)
# 3 - Full multiuser mode
# 4 - unused
# 5 - X11
# 6 - reboot (Do NOT set initdefault to this)
#
id:5:initdefault:

将 5 改成 3，即：
id:3:initdefault:

4.增加组及用户
groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
useradd -g oinstall -G dba -d /u01/oracle oracle

chown -R oracle:oinstall u01
passwd oracle

检查 nobody 是否存在， id nobody
缺省存在的。如果不存在 # /usr/sbin/useradd -g nobody

5.调整内核参数
nano /etc/sysctl.conf
在最下面加入：

# by flexitime : install oracle 11g fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 fs.file-max = 6815744 kernel.shmall = 2097152 kernel.shmmax = 536870912 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

-----------------
shmmax 的最少值是 0.5 GB. 但是Oracle推荐的值是 shmmax to 2.0 GB (2147483648) ，这会有更好的性能

6.为 oracle 用户设置 Shell 限制 （全部都是在文件的最下面加入）

nano /etc/security/limits.conf

# by flexitime : install oracle 11g oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536 oracle soft stack 10240

nano /etc/pam.d/login

# by flexitime : install oracle 11g session required pam_limits.so

nano /etc/profile

# by flexitime : install oracle 11g if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fi fi

nano /etc/csh.login

# by flexitime : install oracle 11g if ( $USER == "oracle" ) then limit maxproc 16384 limit deors 65536 endif

关闭SELINUX的工作模式（修改这一项后最好重启一下操作系统）
nano /etc/selinux/config

# by flexitime : install oracle 11g SELINUX=disabled

nano /etc/redhat-release

将CentOS release 5 (Final) 修改成 Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS release 5 (Taroon) （因为oracle公司没推出CentOS版本的oracle）

su - oracle
cd ~
nano .bash_profile

# by flexitime : install oracle 11g ORACLE_BASE=/u01 ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/oracle ORACLE_SID=orcl PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH:$HOME/bin export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID PATH

7. 修改安装目录的权限
mv database /u01/
cd /u01
chown -R oracle:oinstall database/

8.使用oracle账号 登陆图形界面 进行安装
运行终端 Terminal

cd /u01/database
./runInstaller