struct file & struct inode解析
2010-12-16 16:14
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内核中用inode结构表示具体的文件,而用file结构表示打开的文件描述符。Linux2.6.27内核中,inode结构体具体定义如下:
struct inode {
struct hlist_node i_hash;
struct list_head i_list;
struct list_head i_sb_list;
struct list_head i_dentry;
unsigned long i_ino;
atomic_t i_count;
unsigned int i_nlink;
uid_t i_uid; /*inode的id*/
gid_t i_gid; /*inode的组id*/
dev_t i_rdev; //该成员表示设备文件的inode结构,它包含了真正的设备编号。
u64 i_version;
loff_t i_size; /*inode多代表的文件的大小*/
#ifdef __NEED_I_SIZE_ORDERED
seqcount_t i_size_seqcount;
#endif
struct timespec i_atime; /*inode最后一次存取的时间*/
struct timespec i_mtime; /*inode最后一次修改的时间*/
struct timespec i_ctime; /*inode的创建时间*/
unsigned int i_blkbits; /*inode在做I/O时的区块大小*/
blkcnt_t i_blocks; /*inode所石油的block块数*/
unsigned short i_bytes;
umode_t i_mode; /*inode的权限*/
spinlock_t i_lock; /* i_blocks, i_bytes, maybe i_size */
struct mutex i_mutex;
struct rw_semaphore i_alloc_sem;
const struct inode_operations *i_op;
const struct file_operations *i_fop; /* former ->i_op->default_file_ops */
struct super_block *i_sb;
struct file_lock *i_flock;
struct address_space *i_mapping;
struct address_space i_data;
#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
struct dquot *i_dquot[MAXQUOTAS];
#endif
struct list_head i_devices; /*若是字符设备,为其对应的cdev结构体指针*/
union {
struct pipe_inode_info *i_pipe;
struct block_device *i_bdev; /*若是块设备,为其对应的cdev结构体指针*/
struct cdev *i_cdev; //该成员表示字符设备的内核的 内部结构。当inode指向一个字符设备文件时,该成员包含了指向struct cdev结构的指针,其中cdev结构是字符设备结构体。
};
int i_cindex;
__u32 i_generation;
#ifdef CONFIG_DNOTIFY
unsigned long i_dnotify_mask; /* Directory notify events */
struct dnotify_struct *i_dnotify; /* for directory notifications */
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_INOTIFY
struct list_head inotify_watches; /* watches on this inode */
struct mutex inotify_mutex; /* protects the watches list */
#endif
unsigned long i_state;
unsigned long dirtied_when; /* jiffies of first dirtying */
unsigned int i_flags;
atomic_t i_writecount;
#ifdef CONFIG_SECURITY
void *i_security;
#endif
void *i_private; /* fs or device private pointer */
};
2、struct file ──字符设备驱动相关重要结构
文件结构代表一个打开的文件描述符,它不是专门给驱动程序使用的,系统中每一个打开的文件在内核中都有一个关联的struct file。它由内核在open时创建,并传递给在文件上操作的任何函数,知道最后关闭。当文件的所有实例都关闭之后,内核释放这个数据结构。
struct file {
/*
* fu_list becomes invalid after file_free is called and queued via
* fu_rcuhead for RCU freeing
*/
union {
struct list_head fu_list;
struct rcu_head fu_rcuhead;
} f_u;
struct path f_path;
#define f_dentry f_path.dentry //该成员是对应的 目录结构 。
#define f_vfsmnt f_path.mnt
const struct file_operations *f_op; //该操作 是定义文件关联的操作的。内核在执行open时对这个 指针赋值。
atomic_long_t f_count;
unsigned int f_flags; //该成员是文件标志。
mode_t f_mode;
loff_t f_pos;
struct fown_struct f_owner;
unsigned int f_uid, f_gid;
struct file_ra_state f_ra;
u64 f_version;
#ifdef CONFIG_SECURITY
void *f_security;
#endif
/* needed for tty driver, and maybe others */
void *private_data;//该成员是系统调用时保存状态信息非常有用的资源。
#ifdef CONFIG_EPOLL
/* Used by fs/eventpoll.c to link all the hooks to this file */
struct list_head f_ep_links;
spinlock_t f_ep_lock;
#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_EPOLL */
struct address_space *f_mapping;
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_WRITECOUNT
unsigned long f_mnt_write_state;
#endif
};
struct inode {
struct hlist_node i_hash;
struct list_head i_list;
struct list_head i_sb_list;
struct list_head i_dentry;
unsigned long i_ino;
atomic_t i_count;
unsigned int i_nlink;
uid_t i_uid; /*inode的id*/
gid_t i_gid; /*inode的组id*/
dev_t i_rdev; //该成员表示设备文件的inode结构,它包含了真正的设备编号。
u64 i_version;
loff_t i_size; /*inode多代表的文件的大小*/
#ifdef __NEED_I_SIZE_ORDERED
seqcount_t i_size_seqcount;
#endif
struct timespec i_atime; /*inode最后一次存取的时间*/
struct timespec i_mtime; /*inode最后一次修改的时间*/
struct timespec i_ctime; /*inode的创建时间*/
unsigned int i_blkbits; /*inode在做I/O时的区块大小*/
blkcnt_t i_blocks; /*inode所石油的block块数*/
unsigned short i_bytes;
umode_t i_mode; /*inode的权限*/
spinlock_t i_lock; /* i_blocks, i_bytes, maybe i_size */
struct mutex i_mutex;
struct rw_semaphore i_alloc_sem;
const struct inode_operations *i_op;
const struct file_operations *i_fop; /* former ->i_op->default_file_ops */
struct super_block *i_sb;
struct file_lock *i_flock;
struct address_space *i_mapping;
struct address_space i_data;
#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
struct dquot *i_dquot[MAXQUOTAS];
#endif
struct list_head i_devices; /*若是字符设备,为其对应的cdev结构体指针*/
union {
struct pipe_inode_info *i_pipe;
struct block_device *i_bdev; /*若是块设备,为其对应的cdev结构体指针*/
struct cdev *i_cdev; //该成员表示字符设备的内核的 内部结构。当inode指向一个字符设备文件时,该成员包含了指向struct cdev结构的指针,其中cdev结构是字符设备结构体。
};
int i_cindex;
__u32 i_generation;
#ifdef CONFIG_DNOTIFY
unsigned long i_dnotify_mask; /* Directory notify events */
struct dnotify_struct *i_dnotify; /* for directory notifications */
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_INOTIFY
struct list_head inotify_watches; /* watches on this inode */
struct mutex inotify_mutex; /* protects the watches list */
#endif
unsigned long i_state;
unsigned long dirtied_when; /* jiffies of first dirtying */
unsigned int i_flags;
atomic_t i_writecount;
#ifdef CONFIG_SECURITY
void *i_security;
#endif
void *i_private; /* fs or device private pointer */
};
2、struct file ──字符设备驱动相关重要结构
文件结构代表一个打开的文件描述符,它不是专门给驱动程序使用的,系统中每一个打开的文件在内核中都有一个关联的struct file。它由内核在open时创建,并传递给在文件上操作的任何函数,知道最后关闭。当文件的所有实例都关闭之后,内核释放这个数据结构。
struct file {
/*
* fu_list becomes invalid after file_free is called and queued via
* fu_rcuhead for RCU freeing
*/
union {
struct list_head fu_list;
struct rcu_head fu_rcuhead;
} f_u;
struct path f_path;
#define f_dentry f_path.dentry //该成员是对应的 目录结构 。
#define f_vfsmnt f_path.mnt
const struct file_operations *f_op; //该操作 是定义文件关联的操作的。内核在执行open时对这个 指针赋值。
atomic_long_t f_count;
unsigned int f_flags; //该成员是文件标志。
mode_t f_mode;
loff_t f_pos;
struct fown_struct f_owner;
unsigned int f_uid, f_gid;
struct file_ra_state f_ra;
u64 f_version;
#ifdef CONFIG_SECURITY
void *f_security;
#endif
/* needed for tty driver, and maybe others */
void *private_data;//该成员是系统调用时保存状态信息非常有用的资源。
#ifdef CONFIG_EPOLL
/* Used by fs/eventpoll.c to link all the hooks to this file */
struct list_head f_ep_links;
spinlock_t f_ep_lock;
#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_EPOLL */
struct address_space *f_mapping;
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_WRITECOUNT
unsigned long f_mnt_write_state;
#endif
};
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