获取Oracle、SqlServer、Access中表名、字段和主键(转)

一、oracle
1、获取当前oracle数据库中的所有表
select table_name from user_tables2、查询某个表中的字段名称、类型、精度、长度、是否为空
select COLUMN_NAME,DATA_TYPE,DATA_PRECISION,DATA_SCALE,NULLABLE
from user_tab_columns
where table_name ='YourTableName'
3、查询某个表中的主键字段名
select col.column_name
from user_constraints con,  user_cons_columns col
where con.constraint_name = col.constraint_name
and con.constraint_type='P'
and col.table_name = 'YourTableName'
4、查询某个表中的外键字段名称、所引用表名、所应用字段名
select distinct(col.column_name),r.table_name,r.column_name
from
user_constraints con,
user_cons_columns col,
(select t2.table_name,t2.column_name,t1.r_constraint_name
from user_constraints t1,user_cons_columns t2
where t1.r_constraint_name=t2.constraint_name
and t1.table_name='YourTableName'
) r
where con.constraint_name=col.constraint_name
and con.r_constraint_name=r.r_constraint_name
and con.table_name='YourTableName'
5、如何从Oracle中取得表的注释
user_tab_comments;表注释
user_col_comments;表字段注释
　 以上两个只能获取自己用户的表的注释信息，如果要访问自己
能够访问的其他用户的表，则需要使用：
all_tab_comments;表注释
all_col_comments;表字段注释
　 当然，如果有DBA权限，则可以使用
dba_tab_comments;表注释
dba_col_comments;表字段注释
　 dba*和all*最好指定owner条件。user*没有该字段
user_tab_comments;表注释
user_col_comments;表字段注释

二、SQLServer
1、读取库中的所有表名
　　select name from sysobjects where xtype='u'
2、字段
SELECT c.name,t.name,c.xprec,c.xscale,c.isnullable
FROM systypes t,syscolumns c
WHERE t.xtype=c.xtype
AND c.id = (SELECT id FROM sysobjects WHERE name='YourTableName')
ORDER BY c.colid
3、主键（参考SqlServer系统存储过程sp_pkeys）
select COLUMN_NAME = convert(sysname,c.name)
from
sysindexes i, syscolumns c, sysobjects o
where o.id = object_id('[YourTableName]')
and o.id = c.id
and o.id = i.id
and (i.status & 0x800) = 0x800
and (c.name = index_col ('[YourTableName]', i.indid,  1) or
c.name = index_col ('[YourTableName]', i.indid,  2) or
c.name = index_col ('[YourTableName]', i.indid,  3) or
c.name = index_col ('[YourTableName]', i.indid,  4) or
c.name = index_col ('[YourTableName]', i.indid,  5) or
c.name = index_col ('[YourTableName]', i.indid,  6) or
c.name = index_col ('[YourTableName]', i.indid,  7) or
c.name = index_col ('[YourTableName]', i.indid,  8) or
c.name = index_col ('[YourTableName]', i.indid,  9) or
c.name = index_col ('[YourTableName]', i.indid, 10) or
c.name = index_col ('[YourTableName]', i.indid, 11) or
c.name = index_col ('[YourTableName]', i.indid, 12) or
c.name = index_col ('[YourTableName]', i.indid, 13) or
c.name = index_col ('[YourTableName]', i.indid, 14) or
c.name = index_col ('[YourTableName]', i.indid, 15) or
c.name = index_col ('[YourTableName]', i.indid, 16)
)
4、外键
select t1.name,t2.rtableName,t2.name
from
(select col.name, f.constid as temp
from syscolumns col,sysforeignkeys f
where f.fkeyid=col.id
and f.fkey=col.colid
and f.constid in
( select distinct(id)
from sysobjects
where OBJECT_NAME(parent_obj)='YourTableName'
and xtype='F'
)
) as t1 ,
(select OBJECT_NAME(f.rkeyid) as rtableName,col.name, f.constid as temp
from syscolumns col,sysforeignkeys f
where f.rkeyid=col.id
and f.rkey=col.colid
and f.constid in
( select distinct(id)
from sysobjects
where OBJECT_NAME(parent_obj)='YourTableName'
and xtype='F'
)
) as t2
where t1.temp=t2.temp
三、Access
1、所有表清单
conn.Open();
dt= conn.GetOleDbSchemaTable(OleDbSchemaGuid.Tables, new object[] { null, null, null, "TABLE" });
2、表结构
conn.Open();
dtColumnsInfo = conn.GetOleDbSchemaTable(OleDbSchemaGuid.Columns, new object[] { null, null, strTableName,null });

原文链接：http://blog.sina.com.cn/dongshengjing