uboot-2010.03 移植到 2410( 从 nand 启动 )

uboot-2010.03 移植到 2410( 从 nand 启动 )

【环境】

<a> Ubuntu 10.04 LTS

<b> u-boot-2010.03

<c> FS2410 主板， SAMSUNG S3C2410A 微处理器

<d> 交叉编译器 arm-linux-gcc-4.3.2

<e> Nand: Samsung K9F1208U0B ， 64M

【步骤】

Step1: 创建板级源码

<1> 解压

furtherchan@further:~/work$

tar -jxvf u-boot-2010.03.tar.bz2

<2> 进入板极源码目录

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03/board/samsung$ ls

smdk2400 smdk2410 smdk6400 smdkc100

<3> 拷贝一份最相似的平台代码：

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03/board/samsung$ cp -av smdk2410/ fs2410

`smdk2410/' -> `fs2410'

`smdk2410/Makefile' -> `fs2410/Makefile'

`smdk2410/config.mk' -> `fs2410/config.mk'

`smdk2410/flash.c' -> `fs2410/flash.c'

`smdk2410/smdk2410.c' -> `fs2410/smdk2410.c'

`smdk2410/lowlevel_init.S' -> `fs2410/lowlevel_init.S'

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03/board/samsung$ ls

fs2410 smdk2400 smdk2410 smdk6400 smdkc100

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03/board/samsung$ cd fs2410/

修改文件名

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03/board/samsung/fs2410$ mv smdk2410.c fs2410.c

修改 Makefile

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03/board/samsung/fs2410$ vim Makefile

COBJS := smdk2410.o flash.o → COBJS := fs2410.o flash.o

拷贝头文件

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03/board/samsung/fs2410$ cd http://www.cnblogs.com/../include/configs/
furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03/include/configs$ cp -v smdk2410.h fs2410.h

`smdk2410.h' -> `fs2410.h'

退回 U-Boot 根目录

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03/include/configs$ cd ../..

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03$

<4> 修改顶级 Makefile

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03$ vim Makefile

smdk2410_config : unconfig

@$(MKCONFIG) $(@:_config=) arm arm920t smdk2410 samsung s3c24x0

在 3045 和 3046 行（即以上两句）下加入以下两句：

fs2410_config : unconfig

@$(MKCONFIG) $(@:_config=) arm arm920t fs2410 samsung s3c24x0

<5> 编译

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03$ make fs2410_config

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03$ make

…...

arm-linux-objcopy -O srec u-boot u-boot.srec

arm-linux-objcopy --gap-fill=0xff -O binary u-boot u-boot.bin

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03$ ll -h u-boot.bin

-rwxr-xr-x 1 furtherchan furtherchan 99K 2010-07-05 20:25 u-boot.bin

此时编译生成的 u-boot.bin 文件还无法运行在 fs2410 开发板上，需要做以下修改 .

Step2: 修改平台相关信息

<1> 修改中断禁止部分

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03$ cd cpu/arm920t/

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03/cpu/arm920t$ vim start.S

# if defined(CONFIG_S3C2410)

ldr r1, =0x3ff

ldr r0, =INTSUBMSK

str r1, [r0]

修改成如下：

# if defined(CONFIG_S3C2410)

ldr r1, =0x7ff

ldr r0, =INTSUBMSK

str r1, [r0]

<2> 修改 SDRAM 刷新周期： board/samsung/fs2410/lowlevel_init.S

#define REFCNT 1113 /* period=15.6us, HCLK=60Mhz, (2048+1-15.6*60) */

改成：

#define REFCNT 1268 /* period=7.8125us, HCLK=100Mhz, (2048+1-7.8125*100) */

Step3: U-BOOT 增加 NAND 启动支持

<1> 修改命令提示符，在 include/configs/fs2410.h 中修改如下代码：

#define CONFIG_SYS_PROMPT "SMDK2410 # "

改成：

#define CONFIG_SYS_PROMPT "fs2410 # "

<2> 修改默认载入地址

#define CONFIG_SYS_LOAD_ADDR 0x33000000

改成：

#define CONFIG_SYS_LOAD_ADDR 0x30008000

<3> 加入支持 nand 写

#define CONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_FLASH 1

改成：

#define CONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_NAND 1 /* common/env_nand.c */

并增加一句：

#define CONFIG_ENV_OFFSET 0x30000

<4> 调试过程

U-Boot 第一阶段完成后，跳转到第二阶段的主函数 lib_arm/board.c 中 271 行： void start_armboot (void) ，在该函数中有如下定义：

#if defined(CONFIG_CMD_NAND)

puts ("NAND: ");

nand_init(); /* go init the NAND */

#endif

为了支持 NAND ，在 include/configs/fs2410.h 中添加如下代码：

#define CONFIG_CMD_NAND

添加完先编译一下：

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03$ make distclean

Generating include/autoconf.mk

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03$ make fs2410_config

Configuring for fs2410 board...

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03$ arm-linux-gcc -v

Using built-in specs.

Target: arm-none-linux-gnueabi

…...

gcc version 4.3.2 (Sourcery G++ Lite 2008q3-72)

编译，出现错误：

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03$ make CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-

make[1]: Entering directory `/home/furtherchan/work/u-boot-2010.03/drivers/mtd/nand'

…... -o nand.o nand.c -c

nand.c:29: error: 'CONFIG_SYS_MAX_NAND_DEVICE' undeclared here (not in a function)

nand.c:32: error: 'CONFIG_SYS_NAND_BASE' undeclared here (not in a function)

make[1]: *** [nand.o] Error 1

make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/furtherchan/work/u-boot-2010.03/drivers/mtd/nand'

make: *** [drivers/mtd/nand/libnand.a] Error 2

在 include/configs/fs2410.h 中继续添加代码：

#define CONFIG_SYS_MAX_NAND_DEVICE 1

#define CONFIG_SYS_NAND_BASE 0x4E000000

继续编译，出现错误：

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03$ make CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-

make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/furtherchan/work/u-boot-2010.03/cpu/arm920t'

…...

drivers/mtd/nand/libnand.a(nand.o): In function `nand_init_chip':

/home/furtherchan/work/u-boot-2010.03/drivers/mtd/nand/nand.c:48: undefined reference to `board_nand_init'

make: *** [u-boot] Error 1

板级 nand 初始化函数找不到，在 drivers/mtd/nand/ 目录下有个 s3c2410_nand.c 文件，一直不知道是什么时候用的，估计是需要调用该文件中的 board_nand_init() 。

查看 drivers/mtd/nand/nand.c ，其中 nand_init_chip 调用了 board_nand_init() ，同时在 /drivers/mtd/nand/s3c2410_nand.c 中有 board_nand_init() 函数，下面就要考虑如何把 s3c2410_nand.c 的 board_nand_init() 整到 nand.c 中。

分析该目录下的 Makefile ，用 s3c2410 关键字查询到如下内容：

COBJS-$( CONFIG_NAND_S3C2410 ) += s3c2410_nand.o

要使该行编译进工程，需定义 CONFIG_NAND_S3C2410 ，同样，在 include/configs/fs2410.h 中继续添加代码：

#define CONFIG_NAND_S3C2410

继续编译：

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03$ make CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-

编译成功，烧写板子，输出如下信息：

fs2410 #

U-Boot 2010.03 (Jul 06 2010 - 13:22:17)

DRAM: 64 MB

Flash: 512 kB

NAND: 64 MiB

*** Warning - bad CRC or NAND, using default environment

In: serial

Out: serial

Err: serial

Net: CS8900-0

fs2410 # nand info

Device 0: NAND 64MiB 3,3V 8-bit, sector size 16 KiB

fs2410 # saveenv

Saving Environment to NAND...

Erasing Nand...

Erasing at 0x3c00000000001 -- 0% complete.

Writing to Nand... done

fs2410 #

可见 nand 读写成功。

设好环境参数后启动，出现如下错误：

fs2410 # boot

NAND read: device 0 offset 0x40000, size 0x200000

2097152 bytes read: OK

## Starting application at 0x30008000 ...

Uncompressing Linux................................................................................................................. done, booting the kernel.

Error: unrecognized/unsupported machine ID (r1 = 0x33f4fb6c).

Available machine support:

ID (hex) NAME

000000c1 SMDK2410

0000015b IPAQ-H1940

00000290 Acer-N30

0000014b Simtec-BAST

000002a8 Nex Vision - Otom 1.1

00000400 AML_M5900

000001db Thorcom-VR1000

00000454 QT2410

000003fe SMDK2413

000003f1 SMDK2412

00000377 S3C2413

00000474 VSTMS

000002de Simtec-Anubis

0000034a Simtec-OSIRIS

00000250 IPAQ-RX3715

0000016a SMDK2440

000002a9 NexVision - Nexcoder 2440

0000043c SMDK2443

Please check your kernel config and/or bootloader.

以上信息可见， machine Id 不匹配，由于本人的 zImage 之前在板子上跑是正确的，基本可断定 u-boot 平台 ID 传递错误：

fs2410 # bdinfo

arch_number = 0x000000C1

env_t = 0x00000000

boot_params = 0x30000100

DRAM bank = 0x00000000

-> start = 0x30000000

-> size = 0x04000000

ethaddr = aa:2c:33:44:55:66

ip_addr = 192.168.1.212

baudrate = 115200 bps

以上 arch_number 转换成 10 进制即 193 ，在内核源码文件 include/asm-arm/mach-types.h 中有相应定义，在 u-boot 文件 include/asm-arm/mach-types.h

存在相同定义：

#define MACH_TYPE_SMDK2410 193

在 board/samsung/fs2410/fs2410.c 中有如下定义：

/* arch number of SMDK2410-Board */

gd->bd->bi_arch_number = MACH_TYPE_SMDK2410;

/* adress of boot parameters */

gd->bd->bi_boot_params = 0x30000100;

看来的确是 uboot 没有把参数传递给内核。

board/samsung/fs2410/fs2410.c

: #include <asm/arch/s3c24x0_cpu.h>

include/asm-arm/arch-s3c24x0/s3c24x0_cpu.h

s3c24x0_cpu.h

内容如下 :

#ifdef CONFIG_S3C2400

#include <asm/arch/s3c2400.h>

#elif defined CONFIG_S3C2410

#include <asm/arch/s3c2410.h>

#else

#error Please define the s3c24x0 cpu type

#endif

需要定义： CONFIG_S3C2410 ，在 fs2410.h 中已有该定义

解决：在 common/cmd_boot.c 中 do_go() 函数修改如下：

int

do_go (cmd_tbl_t * cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char *argv[])

{

ulong addr, rc;

int rcode = 0;

/************* Add by FurtherChan ************/

char *commandline = getenv ("bootargs" );

struct param_struct *my_params = (struct param_struct *) 0x30000100;

memset (my_params, 0, sizeof (struct param_struct));

my_params->u1.s.page_size = 4096;

my_params->u1.s.nr_pages = 0x4000000 >> 12;

memcpy (my_params->commandline, commandline, strlen (commandline) + 1);

/***************** Add end *******************/

if (argc < 2)

{

cmd_usage (cmdtp);

return 1;

}

addr = simple_strtoul (argv[1], NULL, 16);

printf ("## Starting application at 0x%08lX ...\n" , addr);

/* * pass address parameter as argv[0] (aka command name),

* and all remaining args

*/

/*************** Add by FurtherChan *************/

__asm__ ("mov r1, #193\n"

"mov ip, #0\n"

"mcr p15, 0, ip, c13, c0, 0\n"

"mcr p15, 0, ip, c7, c7, 0\n"

"mcr p15, 0, ip, c7, c10, 4\n"

"mcr p15, 0, ip, c8, c7, 0\n"

"mrc p15, 0, ip, c1, c0, 0\n"

"bic ip, ip, #0x0001\n"

"mov pc, %0\n" "nop\n"

:

:"r" (addr)

);

/***************** Add end ********************/

rc = do_go_exec ((void *) addr, argc - 1, argv + 1);

if (rc != 0)

rcode = 1;

printf ("## Application terminated, rc = 0x%lX\n" , rc);

return rcode;

}

重新编译后，烧写，启动板子：

fs2410 # boot

NAND read: device 0 offset 0x40000, size 0x200000

2097152 bytes read: OK

## Starting application at 0x30008000 ...

Uncompressing Linux................................................................................................................. done, booting the kernel.

Linux version 2.6.22.6 (furtherchan@further) (gcc version 4.3.2 (Sourcery G++ Lite 2008q3-72) ) #25 Thu Jul 1 16:25:29 CST 2010

CPU: ARM920T [41129200] revision 0 (ARMv4T), cr=00007177

Machine: SMDK2410

ATAG_INITRD is deprecated; please update your bootloader.

Memory policy: ECC disabled, Data cache writeback

CPU S3C2410A (id 0x32410002)

S3C2410: core 202.800 MHz, memory 101.400 MHz, peripheral 50.700 MHz

…...

启动成功！

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