switch分解试验部分-LAB10:Hot Standby Router Protocol（HSRP）

LAB10:Hot Standby Router Protocol（HSRP）

一、实验目的
1、掌握HSRP的应用及配置

二、实验内容
[align=left]拓扑图：[/align]




[align=left]需求： [/align]
[align=left]1、实现链路、设备热备 [/align]
[align=left] [/align]
[align=left]三、实验配置 [/align]
[align=left]配置： [/align]
[align=left]PC上设置好正确的IP地址，注意网关指向HSRP的虚拟地址（192.168.1.254） [/align]
[align=left]1、在R1上配置HSRP [/align]
[align=left]R1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0 [/align]
[align=left]R1(config-if)#standby 1 ip 192.168.1.254 （设置HSRP虚拟路由器的IP地址为：192.168.1.254） [/align]
[align=left]R1(config-if)#standby 1 priority 105 （设置HSRP的优先级值；值越大优先级越高） [/align]
[align=left]R1(config-if)#standby 1 preempt （设置HSRP根据优先级值抢占Active角色功能）[/align]
[align=left]R1(config-if)#standby 1 track fa0/1 （开启HSRP对接口的Track功能） [/align]
[align=left] [/align]
[align=left]2、在R2上配置HSRP [/align]
[align=left]R2(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0 [/align]
[align=left]R2(config-if)#standby 1 ip 192.168.1.254 [/align]
[align=left]R2(config-if)#standby 1 priority 100（设置HSRP的优先级值；缺省为100，可以不设）[/align]
[align=left]R2(config-if)#standby 1 preempt [/align]
[align=left]R2(config-if)#standby 1 track fa0/1[/align]
[align=left]3、在SW1上配置DHCP，宣告PC的网关地址为192.168.1.254 （略） [/align]
[align=left] [/align]
[align=left]验证： [/align]
[align=left]1、查看HSRP协议相关信息 [/align]
[align=left]R1#show standby [/align]
[align=left]FastEthernet0/0 - Group 1 [/align]
[align=left]State is Active （路由器HSRP的状态） [/align]
[align=left]2 state changes, last state change 00:00:06 [/align]
[align=left]Virtual IP address is 192.168.1.254 （HSRP的虚拟IP地址，需手动指定）[/align]
[align=left]Active virtual MAC address is 0000.0c07.ac01 （HSRP的虚拟MAC地址,系统自动分配） [/align]
[align=left]Local virtual MAC address is 0000.0c07.ac01 (v1 default) [/align]
[align=left]Hello time 3 sec, hold time 10 sec （HSRP的Hello时间） [/align]
[align=left]Next hello sent in 1.924 secs [/align]
[align=left]Preemption enabled （HSRP抢占功能开启） [/align]
[align=left]Active router is local [/align]
[align=left]Standby router is 192.168.1.2, priority 100（192.168.1.2 为HSRP的Standby路由器） [/align]
[align=left]Priority 105 (configured 105) （配置的优先级值为105） [/align]
[align=left]Track interface FastEthernet0/1 state Up decrement 10 （开启了Track功能，惩罚值为10） [/align]
[align=left]Group name is "hsrp-Fa0/0-1" (default)（HSRP 热备组名称） [/align]
[align=left] [/align]
[align=left]2、Debug HSRP的交互报文 [/align]
[align=left]R1#debug standby [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:03:48.015: HSRP: Fa0/0 Grp 1 Hello out 192.168.1.1 Active pri 105 vIP 192.168.1.254 [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:03:48.683: HSRP: Fa0/0 Grp 1 Hello in 192.168.1.2 Standby pri 100 vIP 192.168.1.254 [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:03:49.135: HSRP: Fa0/0 Grp 1 Hello out 192.168.1.1 Active pri 105 vIP 192.168.1.254 [/align]
[align=left]当R1的F0/1端口发生故障 [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:13.283: %TRACKING-5-STATE: 1 interface Fa0/1 line-protocol Up->Down [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:13.283: HSRP: Fa0/0 Grp 1 Track 1 object changed, state Up -> Down [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:13.283: HSRP: Fa0/0 Grp 1 Priority 105 -> 95 [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:13.291: HSRP: Fa0/0 Grp 1 Hello in 192.168.1.2 Standby pri 100 vIP 192.168.1.254 [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:14.487: HSRP: Fa0/0 Grp 1 Hello out 192.168.1.1 Active pri 95 vIP 192.168.1.254 [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.407: HSRP: Fa0/0 Interface adv in, Active, active 1, passive 0, from 192.168.1.2 [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.411: HSRP: Fa0/0 Grp 1 Active router is 192.168.1.2, was local [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.411: HSRP: Fa0/0 Nbr 192.168.1.2 active for group 1 [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.415: HSRP: Fa0/0 Grp 1 Standby router is unknown, was 192.168.1.2 [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.415: HSRP: Fa0/0 Nbr 192.168.1.2 no longer standby for group 1 (Active)[/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.415: HSRP: Fa0/0 Grp 1 Active: g/Hello rcvd from higher pri Active router (100/192.168.1.2) [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.415: HSRP: Fa0/0 Grp 1 Active -> Speak [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.419: HSRP: Fa0/0 Interface adv out, Passive, active 0 passive 1 [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.419: HSRP: Fa0/0 Grp 1 Redundancy "hsrp-Fa0/0-1" state Active -> Speak [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.419: HSRP: Fa0/0 Grp 1 Resign out 192.168.1.1 Speak pri 95 vIP 192.168.1.254 [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.427: HSRP: Fa0/0 Grp 1 Deactivating MAC 0000.0c07.ac01 [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.427: HSRP: Fa0/0 Grp 1 Removing 0000.0c07.ac01 from MAC address filter [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.431: HSRP: Fa0/0 Grp 1 MAC addr update Delete from SMF 0000.0c07.ac01 [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.431: HSRP: Fa0/0 Grp 1 Hello out 192.168.1.1 Speak pri 95 vIP 192.168.1.254 [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.435: HSRP: Fa0/0 IP Redundancy "hsrp-Fa0/0-1" update, Active -> Speak [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.459: HSRP: Fa0/0 Interface adv in, Passive, active 0, passive 1, from 192.168.1.2 [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.463: HSRP: Fa0/0 Grp 1 Resign in 192.168.1.2 Speak pri 100 vIP 192.168.1.254 [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.463: HSRP: Fa0/0 Grp 1 Active router is unknown, was 192.168.1.2 [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.463: HSRP: Fa0/0 Nbr 192.168.1.2 no longer active for group 1 (Speak) [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.467: HSRP: Fa0/0 Nbr 192.168.1.2 Was active or standby - start passive holddown [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.467: HSRP: Fa0/0 Grp 1 Hello in 192.168.1.2 Speak pri 100 vIP 192.168.1.254 [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.467: HSRP: Fa0/0 Grp 1 Speak: f/Hello rcvd from higher pri Speak router (100/192.168.1.2) [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.471: HSRP: Fa0/0 Grp 1 Speak -> Listen [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.471: HSRP: Fa0/0 Grp 1 Redundancy "hsrp-Fa0/0-1" state Speak -> Backup [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.471: HSRP: Fa0/0 Interface adv in, Active, active 1, passive 1, from 192.168.1.2 [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.471: HSRP: Fa0/0 Nbr 192.168.1.2 Adv in, active 1 passive 1 [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.475: HSRP: Fa0/0 Nbr 192.168.1.2 is no longer passive [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.475: HSRP: Fa0/0 Nbr 192.168.1.2 destroyed [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.475: HSRP: Fa0/0 Grp 1 Coup in 192.168.1.2 Speak pri 100 vIP 192.168.1.254 [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.475: HSRP: Fa0/0 Grp 1 Active router is 192.168.1.2 [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.479: HSRP: Fa0/0 Nbr 192.168.1.2 created [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.479: HSRP: Fa0/0 Nbr 192.168.1.2 active for group 1 [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.479: HSRP: Fa0/0 Interface adv out, Passive, active 0 passive [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.483: HSRP: Fa0/0 Interface adv in, Active, active 1, passive 0, from 192.168.1.2 [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.483: HSRP: Fa0/0 IP Redundancy "hsrp-Fa0/0-1" update, Speak -> Backup [/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 01:07:19.879: HSRP: Fa0/0 Grp 1 Hello in 192.168.1.2 Active pri 100 vIP 192.168.1.254 [/align]
[align=left] [/align]
[align=left]四、应用场景 [/align]
[align=left]网络骨干链路上实现双出口链路、设备热备、负载均衡功能[/align]
[align=left] [/align]