Spring v3.0.2 Learning Note 2 - A Sample Example

准备

Spring
v3的发布包与之前的版本有了很大的不同，先下载spring-framework-3.0.2.RELEASE.zip和spring-
framework-3.0.2.RELEASE-dependencies.zip，并解压至本地硬盘，解压后的目录标示为%SPRING%
和%SPRING_DEP%

在eclipse中创建一个java项目

在eclipse的'Configure Build Path...'选项中将以下依赖包配置在classpath下

%SPRING%/dist/org.springframework.core-3.0.2.RELEASE.jar

%SPRING%/dist/org.springframework.asm-3.0.2.RELEASE.jar

%SPRING%/dist/org.springframework.beans-3.0.2.RELEASE.jar

%SPRING%/dist/org.springframework.context-3.0.2.RELEASE.jar

%SPRING%/dist/org.springframework.context.support-3.0.2.RELEASE.jar

%SPRING%/dist/org.springframework.expression-3.0.2.RELEASE.jar

%SPRING_DEP%/org.apache.commons/org.apache.commons/com.springsource.org.apache.commons.logging/1.1.1/com.springsource.org.apache.commons.logging-1.1.1.jar

在eclipse中创建spring配置文件spring.xml, 在spring framework reference中搜索'<beans'找到spring配置文件的模板，并将其拷贝入spring.xml。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">
<bean id="..." class="...">

<!-- collaborators and configuration for this bean go here -->

</bean>

<bean id="..." class="...">

<!-- collaborators and configuration for this bean go here -->

</bean>

<!-- more bean definitions go here -->

</beans>

spring容器初始化

在类路径下寻找配置文件来初始化容器：

ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[]{"spring.xml"});

or

ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");

或者在文件系统路径下寻找配置文件初始化容器：

ApplicationContext ctx = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext(new String[]{"d://spring.xml"})

spring还提供了其他方法初始化容器，详见参考手册。

源代码

package com.spring.test.manager;

public interface IPersonService {

public abstract void save();

}

------------------------------------------------

package com.spring.test.manager.impl;

import com.spring.test.manager.IPersonService;

public class PersonManager implements IPersonService {

/* (non-Javadoc)

* @see com.spring.test.manager.IPersonService#save()

*/

public void save() {

System.out.println("This is save() method.");

}

}

配置spring

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">
<bean id="personService" class="com.spring.test.manager.impl.PersonManager"/>

</beans>

注意：id属性与name属性，都是标示一个bean,但是id属性受限于xml解析器的限制，不可以包含一些特殊字符，类似于这样的值"/sss/aaa"，id不允许，但是name允许。

在eclipse创建一个junit test

package com.spring.test.junit;

import org.junit.AfterClass;

import org.junit.BeforeClass;

import org.junit.Test;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.spring.test.manager.IPersonService;

public class PersonServiceTest {

@BeforeClass

public static void setUpBeforeClass() throws Exception {

}

@AfterClass

public static void tearDownAfterClass() throws Exception {

}

@Test

public void test() {

ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(

"spring.xml");

IPersonService personService = (IPersonService) ctx

.getBean("personService");

personService.save();

}

}

运行结果：

Oct 5, 2010 5:29:51 PM org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext prepareRefresh

INFO: Refreshing
org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@93dcd:
startup date [Tue Oct 05 17:29:51 CST 2010]; root of context hierarchy

Oct 5, 2010 5:29:51 PM org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions

INFO: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [spring.xml]

Oct 5, 2010 5:29:51 PM org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory preInstantiateSingletons

INFO: Pre-instantiating singletons in
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@12b7eea:
defining beans [personService]; root of factory hierarchy

This is save() method.