Linux内核升级之制作initrd.img及其new-kernel-pkg(.sh)使用

1、从编译好的源码中拷贝bzImage和System.map文件到/boot目录，并重命名。

# cp linux-2.6.32.6/arch/i386/boot/bzImage /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32.6

# cp linux-2.6.32.6/System.map /boot/System.map-2.6.32.6

注意：

1)、vmlinuz和System.map的全名(包括版本号)一定要正确，要不new-kernel-pkg的脚本无法找到上述文件！

2)、编译过程中执行：make bzImage, make modules, make modules_install(拷贝*.ko文件到/lib/modules/2.6.32.6目录下)

2、执行命令制作initrd-2.6.32.6.img

# new-kernel-pkg --mkinitrd --depmod --install 2.6.32.6

3、/boot目录文件



4、new-kernel-pkg脚本

#!/bin/bash

#

# new-kernel-pkg

# Invoked upon installation or removal of a kernel package, the following

# tasks are/can be done here:

# creation/removal of initrd

# run of depmod/removal of depmod generated files

# addition/removal of kernel images from grub/lilo configuration (via grubby)

#

# Copyright 2002-2008 Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.

#

# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify

# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or

# (at your option) any later version.

#

# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,

# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of

# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the

# GNU General Public License for more details.

#

# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License

# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

#

PATH=/sbin:/bin:$PATH

lilo=/sbin/lilo

# some defaults that are sane for most arches

kernelName=vmlinuz

if [ -x ./grubby ]; then

grubby=./grubby

else

grubby=/sbin/grubby

fi

[ -f /etc/sysconfig/kernel ] && . /etc/sysconfig/kernel

cfgGrub=""

cfgLilo=""

runLilo=""

grubConfig=""

ARCH=$(uname -m)

if [ $ARCH = 'ia64' ]; then

liloConfig=/boot/efi/EFI/redhat/elilo.conf

bootPrefix=/boot/efi/EFI/redhat

liloFlag=elilo

isx86=""

elif [ $ARCH = 'ppc64' -o $ARCH = 'ppc' ]; then

liloConfig=/etc/yaboot.conf

bootPrefix=/boot

lilo=/sbin/ybin

liloFlag=yaboot

runLilo="yes"

isx86=""

elif [ $ARCH = 'sparc' -o $ARCH = 'sparc64' ]; then

liloConfig=/etc/silo.conf

bootPrefix=/boot

liloFlag=silo

lilo=/sbin/silo

isx86=""

elif [ $ARCH = 's390' -o $ARCH = 's390x' ]; then

liloConfig=/etc/zipl.conf

bootPrefix=/boot

liloFlag=zipl

lilo=/sbin/zipl

runLilo="yes"

isx86=""

else

# this leaves i?86 and x86_64

liloConfig=/etc/lilo.conf

grubConfig=$(readlink -f /etc/grub.conf 2>/dev/null)

bootPrefix=/boot

liloFlag=lilo

isx86="yes"

fi

mode=""

version=""

initrd=""

dracut=""

initrdfile=""

moddep=""

verbose=""

makedefault=""

package=""

mbkernel=""

mbargs=""

adddracutargs=""

addplymouthinitrd=""

usage() {

echo "Usage: `basename $0` [-v] [--mkinitrd] [--rminitrd] [--dracut]" >&2

echo " [--initrdfile=<initrd-image>] [--depmod] [--rmmoddep]" >&2

echo " [--kernel-args=<args>] [--remove-args=<args>]" >&2

echo " [--banner=<banner>] [--multiboot=multiboot]" >&2

echo " [--mbargs=mbargs] [--make-default] [--add-dracut-args]" >&2

echo " [--add-plymouth-initrd]" >&2

echo " <--install | --remove | --update | --rpmposttrans> <kernel-version>" >&2

echo " (ex: `basename $0` --mkinitrd --depmod --install 2.4.7-2)" >&2

exit 1

}

install() {

# XXX kernel should be able to be specified also (or work right on ia64)

if [ ! -f $bootPrefix/$kernelName-$version ] ; then

[ -n "$verbose" ] && echo "kernel for $version does not exist, not running grubby"

return

fi

INITRD=""

if [ -f $initrdfile ]; then

[ -n "$verbose" ] && echo "found $initrdfile and using it with grubby"

INITRD="--initrd $initrdfile"

if [ -n "$addplymouthinitrd" ]; then

INITRD="$INITRD --extra-initrd $bootPrefix/initrd-plymouth.img"

fi

fi

# FIXME: is this a good heuristic to find out if we're on iSeries?

if [ -d /proc/iSeries ]; then

[ -n "$verbose" ] && echo "On an iSeries, just making img file"

if [ -z $initrdfile ]; then

[ -n "$verbose" ] && echo "No initrd, just adding system map"

/sbin/addSystemMap $bootPrefix/System.map-$version $bootPrefix/$kernelName-$version $bootPrefix/vmlinitrd-$version

else

/sbin/addSystemMap $bootPrefix/System.map-$version $bootPrefix/$kernelName-$version $bootPrefix/vmlinux.sm-$version

/sbin/addRamDisk $initrdfile $bootPrefix/System.map-$version $bootPrefix/vmlinux.sm-$version $bootPrefix/vmlinitrd-$version 2>/dev/null

rm $bootPrefix/vmlinux.sm-$version

fi

return

fi

# get the root filesystem to use

rootdevice=$(awk '{ if ($1 !~ /^[ /t]*#/ && $2 == "/") { print $1; }}' /etc/fstab)

if [ -n "$mbkernel" -a -n "$cfgLilo" -a "$liloFlag" != "elilo" ]; then

[ -n "$verbose" ] && echo "multiboot specified, not updating lilo.conf"

cfgLilo=""

fi

if [ -n "$cfgGrub" ]; then

[ -n "$verbose" ] && echo "adding $version to $grubConfig"

if [ -n "$banner" ]; then

title="$banner ($version)"

elif [ -f /etc/redhat-release ]; then

title="$(sed 's/ release.*$//' < /etc/redhat-release) ($version)"

else

title="Red Hat Linux ($version)"

fi

$grubby --add-kernel=$bootPrefix/$kernelName-$version /

$INITRD --copy-default $makedefault --title "$title" /

${mbkernel:+--add-multiboot="$mbkernel"} ${mbargs:+--mbargs="$mbargs"} /

--args="root=$rootdevice $kernargs" --remove-kernel="TITLE=$title"

else

[ -n "$verbose" ] && echo "$grubConfig does not exist, not running grubby"

fi

if [ -n "$cfgLilo" ]; then

[ -n "$verbose" ] && echo "adding $version to $liloConfig"

$grubby --add-kernel=$bootPrefix/$kernelName-$version $INITRD /

--copy-default $makedefault --title $version /

${mbkernel:+--add-multiboot="$mbkernel"} ${mbargs:+--mbargs="$mbargs"} /

--args="root=$rootdevice $kernargs" --remove-kernel="TITLE=$version" /

--$liloFlag

if [ -n "$runLilo" ]; then

[ -n "$verbose" ] && echo "running $lilo"

if [ ! -x $lilo ] ; then

[ -n "$verbose" ] && echo "$lilo does not exist"

else

$lilo > /dev/null

fi

fi

else

[ -n "$verbose" ] && echo "$liloConfig does not exist, not running grubby"

fi

}

rpmposttrans()

{

local files

local f

files="/etc/kernel/postinst.d/*[^~] /etc/kernel/postinst.d/$version/*[^~]"

for f in $files ; do

[ -f $f -a -x $f ] || continue

$f $version $bootPrefix/$kernelName-$version

done

}

remove() {

# FIXME: is this a good heuristic to find out if we're on iSeries?

if [ -d /proc/iSeries ]; then

[ -n "$verbose" ] && echo "On an iSeries, remove img file"

rm -f $bootPrefix/$kernelName-$version.img 2>/dev/null

return

fi

local files

local f

files="/etc/kernel/prerm.d/*[^~] /etc/kernel/prerm.d/$version/*[^~]"

for f in $files ; do

[ -f $f -a -x $f ] || continue

$f $version $bootPrefix/$kernelName-$version

done

if [ -n "$cfgGrub" ]; then

[ -n "$verbose" ] && echo "removing $version from $grubConfig"

$grubby --remove-kernel=$bootPrefix/$kernelName-$version

else

[ -n "$verbose" ] && echo "$grubConfig does not exist, not running grubby"

fi

if [ -n "$cfgLilo" ]; then

[ -n "$verbose" ] && echo "removing $version from $liloConfig"

$grubby --remove-kernel=$bootPrefix/$kernelName-$version /

--$liloFlag

if [ -n "$runLilo" ]; then

[ -n "$verbose" ] && echo "running $lilo"

if [ ! -x $lilo ] ; then

[ -n "$verbose" ] && echo "$lilo does not exist"

else

$lilo > /dev/null

fi

fi

else

[ -n "$verbose" ] && echo "$liloConfig does not exist, not running grubby"

fi

}

update() {

if [ -n "$cfgGrub" ]; then

[ -n "$verbose" ] && echo "updating $version from $grubConfig"

$grubby --update-kernel=$bootPrefix/$kernelName-$version /

${kernargs:+--args="$kernargs"} /

${removeargs:+--remove-args="$removeargs"}

else

[ -n "$verbose" ] && echo "$grubConfig does not exist, not running grubby"

fi

if [ -n "$cfgLilo" ]; then

[ -n "$verbose" ] && echo "updating $version from $liloConfig"

$grubby --update-kernel=$bootPrefix/$kernelName-$version /

${kernargs:+--args="$kernargs"} /

${removeargs:+--remove-args="$removeargs"} /

--$liloFlag

if [ -n "$runLilo" ]; then

[ -n "$verbose" ] && echo "running $lilo"

if [ ! -x $lilo ] ; then

[ -n "$verbose" ] && echo "$lilo does not exist"

else

$lilo > /dev/null

fi

fi

else

[ -n "$verbose" ] && echo "$liloConfig does not exist, not running grubby"

fi

}

mkinitrd() {

if [ -n "$dracut" ]; then

tool="/sbin/dracut -f $initrdfile $version"

else

tool="/sbin/mkinitrd --allow-missing -f $initrdfile $version"

fi

[ -n "$verbose" ] && echo "creating initrd: $tool"

$tool

rc=$?

if [ $rc != 0 ]; then

echo "mkinitrd failed" >&2

exit 1

fi

}

rminitrd() {

[ -n "$verbose" ] && echo "removing initrd $initrdfile"

[ -f $initrdfile ] && rm -f $initrdfile

}

doDepmod() {

[ -n "$verbose" ] && echo "running depmod for $version"

depmod -ae -F /boot/System.map-$version $version

}

doRmmoddep() {

[ -n "$verbose" ] && echo "removing modules.dep info for $version"

[ -d /lib/modules/$version ] && rm -f /lib/modules/$version/modules.*

}

while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do

case $1 in

--mkinitrd)

initrd="make"

;;

--rminitrd)

initrd="remove"

;;

--dracut)

dracut=--dracut

;;

--initrdfile*)

if echo $1 | grep '=' >/dev/null ; then

initrdfile=`echo $1 | sed 's/^--initrdfile=//'`

else

initrdfile=$2

shift

fi

;;

--kernel-args*)

if echo $1 | grep '=' >/dev/null ; then

kernargs=`echo $1 | sed 's/^--kernel-args=//'`

else

kernargs=$2

shift

fi

;;

--remove-args*)

if echo $1 | grep '=' >/dev/null ; then

removeargs=`echo $1 | sed 's/^--remove-args=//'`

else

removeargs=$2

shift

fi

;;

--banner*)

if echo $1 | grep '=' >/dev/null ; then

banner=`echo $1 | sed 's/^--banner=//'`

else

banner=$2

shift

fi

;;

--multiboot*)

if echo $1 |grep '=' >/dev/null; then

mbkernel=`echo $1 | sed 's/^--multiboot=//'`

else

# can't really support having an optional second arg here

# sorry!

mbkernel="/boot/xen.gz"

fi

;;

--mbargs*)

if echo $1 |grep '=' >/dev/null; then

mbargs=`echo $1 | sed 's/^--mbargs=//'`

else

mbargs="$2"

shift

fi

;;

--depmod)

moddep="make"

;;

--rmmoddep)

moddep="remove"

;;

--make-default)

makedefault="--make-default"

;;

--package)

if echo $1 | grep '=' >/dev/null ; then

package=`echo $1 | sed 's/^--package=//'`

else

package=$2

shift

fi

;;

--add-dracut-args)

adddracutargs=--add-dracut-args

;;

--add-plymouth-initrd)

addplymouthinitrd=--add-plymouth-initrd

;;

-v)

verbose=-v

;;

*)

if [ -z "$mode" ]; then

mode=$1

elif [ -z "$version" ]; then

version=$1

else

usage

fi

;;

esac

shift

done

# make sure the mode is valid

if [ "$mode" != "--install" -a "$mode" != "--remove" -a "$mode" != "--update" -a "$mode" != "--rpmposttrans" ] ; then

usage

fi

if [ -z "$version" ]; then

usage

fi

if [ "$mode" != "--install" -a "$makedefault" ]; then

usage

fi

kernelmajor=`echo $kernel | cut -d . -f 1,2`

# kernel image for 2.4 is vmlinux

if [ $ARCH = 'ppc64' -o $ARCH = 'ppc' ]; then

if [ "$kernelmajor" == "2.4" ]; then

kernelName=vmlinux

fi

fi

# set the initrd file based on arch; ia64 is the only currently known oddball

if [ -z "$initrdfile" ]; then

INITRD_NAME_PREFIX="initrd"

if [ -n "$dracut" ]; then

INITRD_NAME_PREFIX="initramfs"

fi

if [ `uname -m` = "ia64" ]; then

initrdfile="/boot/efi/EFI/redhat/$INITRD_NAME_PREFIX-$version.img"

else

initrdfile="/boot/$INITRD_NAME_PREFIX-$version.img"

fi

fi

[ -n "$verbose" ] && echo "initrdfile is $initrdfile"

# add dracut i18n, keyboard and plymouth kernel args if requested

if [ -n "$dracut" -o -n "$adddracutargs" ]; then

[ -r /etc/sysconfig/keyboard ] && . /etc/sysconfig/keyboard

[ -r /etc/sysconfig/i18n ] && . /etc/sysconfig/i18n

for i in SYSFONT SYSFONTACM UNIMAP LANG KEYTABLE; do

val=$(eval echo /$$i)

[ -n "$val" ] && kernargs="$kernargs $i=$val"

done

if [ -n "$KEYBOARDTYPE" -a "$KEYBOARDTYPE" != "pc" ]; then

kernargs="$kernargs KEYBOARDTYPE=$KEYBOARDTYPE"

fi

fi

# set this as the default if we have the package and it matches

if [ "$mode" == "--install" -a "$UPDATEDEFAULT" == "yes" -a -n "$package" -a -n "$DEFAULTKERNEL" -a "$package" == "$DEFAULTKERNEL" ]; then

makedefault="--make-default"

[ -n "$verbose" ] && echo "making it the default based on config"

fi

if [ "$moddep" == "make" ]; then

doDepmod

elif [ "$moddep" == "remove" ]; then

doRmmoddep

fi

if [ "$initrd" == "make" ]; then

mkinitrd

elif [ "$initrd" == "remove" ]; then

rminitrd

fi

if [ ! -x $grubby ] ; then

[ -n "$verbose" ] && echo "$grubby does not exist"

exit 0

fi

[ -n "$grubConfig" ] && [ -f "$grubConfig" ] && cfgGrub=1;

[ -n "$liloConfig" ] && [ -f "$liloConfig" ] && cfgLilo=1;

# if we have a lilo config on an x86 box, see if the default boot loader

# is lilo to determine if it should be run

if [ -n "$cfgLilo" -a -n "$isx86" ]; then

runLilo=$($grubby --bootloader-probe | grep lilo)

fi

if [ "$mode" == "--install" ]; then

install

elif [ "$mode" == "--remove" ]; then

remove

elif [ "$mode" == "--update" ]; then

update

elif [ "$mode" == "--rpmposttrans" ]; then

rpmposttrans

fi