一个Python备份脚本

编写一个Python脚本，实现为重要的文件或文件夹在指定的目录下创建备份。

[设计思路]

[1] 将需要备份的文件和目录由一个列表指定，通过传入参数获得并保存到列表中。

[2] 备份应该保存在主备份目录中。

[3] 将文件备份成一个压缩文件。

[4] 每一次备份都根据当前的日期在主备份目录中创建一个子文件夹，而所备份的文件命名为当期的时间保存在这个子文件夹中。

[5] 压缩命令由本地用户决定。可以使用任何本地的存档压缩命令，只要它有命令行界面就可以了，那样就可以从脚本中传递参数给它。

[参考]

[1] A Byte of Python, 2005

[2] Python Manuals 2.6

[Python Code]

#! /usr/bin/python
# Filename: backup_ver1.py
# 2010-7-12 wcdj
import os
import time
import sys
# 1, The files and directories to be backed up are specified in a list
# source = ['/home/wcdj/my_prog', '/home/wcdj/local_installed']
# The following information is the debug used
print '--------------------------------'
source=[]
print 'The command line arguments are: '
for i in sys.argv:
	print i
	if i == sys.argv[0]:
		continue
	source.append(i)
print source
print '--------------------------------'
# check input, if error app exit
if len(source) == 0:
	print '''You should input the files or directories, like
python backup_ver1.py /home/wcdj/myfile /home/wcdj/mydir ...'''
	exit()
else:
	print 'Some files or directorier will be saved into .tar.gz format: '
	print source
# If you are using Windows, use 
# source=[r'c:/Documents', r'd:/work'] or 
# source=['c://Documents', 'd://work'] or 
# something like that
# 2, The backup must be stored in a main backup directory
# Remember to change this to what you will be using
target_dir = '/home/wcdj/backup/'
# 3, The files are backed up into a tar file
# 4, The name of subdirectory and tar file
today = target_dir + time.strftime('%Y%m%d')
now = time.strftime('%H%M%S')
# Take a comment from the user to create the name of the tar file
comment = raw_input('Enter a comment: ')
if len(comment) == 0:# check if a comment was entered
	target = today + os.sep + now + '.tar.gz'
else:
	target = today + os.sep + now + '_' + /
	comment.replace(' ', '_') + '.tar.gz'
#Create the subdirectory if it isn't already there
if not os.path.exists(today):
	os.mkdir(today)# make directory
	print 'Successfully created directory', today
# 5, We use the tar command(in Unix/Linux) to put the files in a tgz archive
tar_command = "tar -zcf %s %s" % (target, ' '.join(source))
# Run the backup
if os.system(tar_command) == 0:
	print 'Successful backup to', target
else:
	print 'Backup failed'
# end