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转载：基于Lua的自动化测试框架设计

2010-06-26 21:05 721 查看
一、自动化测试背景

1.         被测对象为嵌入式系统中使用Lua脚本做胶合的一个个模块接口。需要编写Lua脚本调用这些接口对接口进行测试，运行环境为嵌入式系统中并非PC机。

2.         测试脚本能够起到回归测试及自动判断测试结果和输出测试报告

二、实现方法

主要参考XUnit框架机制实现测试套的封装，其封装的对象如下：

1.         测试环境

2.         自动化判断

3.         测试日志

4.         测试执行情况统计

5.         测试报告

三、测试框架

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InitTestFrame()                        –初始化测试框架 ,只能执行一次，否则会影响测试结果统计  
SetCurrModule(“CurrModuleName”)      –当前测试模块的名字  
WriteCaseName(“CurrCaseName”)        –当前测试用例的名字  
WriteCaseStep(“CurrStepName”)          –当前测试步骤的名字  
ret = AssertResult(“sExpects”,”RealResult”)  –自动比较(选用)  
WriteReport(ret,”sRealResult”)            –将测试结果写入测试报告文件中  
GetStatistic()                          –获取测试执行情况统计 
InitTestFrame()                        –初始化测试框架 ,只能执行一次，否则会影响测试结果统计
SetCurrModule(“CurrModuleName”)      –当前测试模块的名字
WriteCaseName(“CurrCaseName”)        –当前测试用例的名字
WriteCaseStep(“CurrStepName”)          –当前测试步骤的名字
ret = AssertResult(“sExpects”,”RealResult”)  –自动比较(选用)
WriteReport(ret,”sRealResult”)            –将测试结果写入测试报告文件中
GetStatistic()                          –获取测试执行情况统计
四、实现代码

1.         环境变量
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–定义不同的环境变量，便于脚本的移植  
if TestEntironment == nil then  –如果没有定义TestEntironment  
    Win32   = 1  
    Symbian = 2  
    TestEntironment = Win32  
    –TestEntironment = Symbian  
End  
 
if TestEntironment == Win32 then  
    reportfile = “..//TestCode//TestReport.txt”  –测试报告文件  
else 
    reportfile = “c://TestCode//TestReport.txt”  –测试报告文件  
end 
–定义不同的环境变量，便于脚本的移植
if TestEntironment == nil then  –如果没有定义TestEntironment
    Win32   = 1
    Symbian = 2
    TestEntironment = Win32
    –TestEntironment = Symbian
End

if TestEntironment == Win32 then
    reportfile = “..//TestCode//TestReport.txt”  –测试报告文件
else
    reportfile = “c://TestCode//TestReport.txt”  –测试报告文件
end
2.初始化测试框架
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–初始化测试框架  
function InitTestFrame()  
    –定义存储各模块测试执行情况的表  
    tRunStatistic = {}  
    tRunStatisticIndex = 0   –tRunStatistic的索引  
      
    CurrNGModuleIndex  = 0  
    CurrNGCaseIndex    = 0     
    –定义存储执行失败用例的表  
    tRunNG = {}  
end 
–初始化测试框架
function InitTestFrame()
    –定义存储各模块测试执行情况的表
    tRunStatistic = {}
    tRunStatisticIndex = 0   –tRunStatistic的索引
   
    CurrNGModuleIndex  = 0
    CurrNGCaseIndex    = 0  
    –定义存储执行失败用例的表
    tRunNG = {}
end

3. 测试套封装

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function WriteCaseName(sCaseName)   –标记测试用例名，写入测试报告文件  
    CurrCase = sCaseName  
    local h = io.open(reportfile,”a”)  
    io.output(h)  
    local sWriteStr = “/n【” .. sCaseName ..”】” .. “/n” 
    if TestEntironment == Win32 then  
        print(sWriteStr)      
    end   
    io.write(sWriteStr)  
    io.close(h)  
end  
function WriteCaseStep(sStep)   –标记测试步骤，写入测试报告文件  
    CurrStep = sStep  
    local h = io.open(reportfile,”a”)  
    io.output(h)  
    local sWriteStr = “   |–” .. sStep .. “/n” 
    if TestEntironment == Win32 then  
        print(sWriteStr)      
    end   
    io.write(sWriteStr)  
    io.close(h)  
end  
function SetCurrModule(sModuleName)  
    CurrModule  = sModuleName  
    temp        = {Module = sModuleName,iRunCaseNum = 0,iOKCaseNum = 0,iNGCaseNum = 0}  
    tRunStatisticIndex = tRunStatisticIndex + 1  
    table.insert(tRunStatistic,tRunStatisticIndex,temp)  
end 
function WriteCaseName(sCaseName)   –标记测试用例名，写入测试报告文件
    CurrCase = sCaseName
    local h = io.open(reportfile,”a”)
    io.output(h)
    local sWriteStr = “/n【” .. sCaseName ..”】” .. “/n”
    if TestEntironment == Win32 then
        print(sWriteStr)   
    end
    io.write(sWriteStr)
    io.close(h)
end
function WriteCaseStep(sStep)   –标记测试步骤，写入测试报告文件
    CurrStep = sStep
    local h = io.open(reportfile,”a”)
    io.output(h)
    local sWriteStr = “   |–” .. sStep .. “/n”
    if TestEntironment == Win32 then
        print(sWriteStr)   
    end
    io.write(sWriteStr)
    io.close(h)
end
function SetCurrModule(sModuleName)
    CurrModule  = sModuleName
    temp        = {Module = sModuleName,iRunCaseNum = 0,iOKCaseNum = 0,iNGCaseNum = 0}
 tRunStatisticIndex = tRunStatisticIndex + 1
 table.insert(tRunStatistic,tRunStatisticIndex,temp)
end

4.自动化判断

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–自动比较期望结果与测试结果   
function AssertResult(sExpects,RealResult)  
    if sExpects == RealResult then  
        return “OK” 
    else   
        return “NG” 
    end  
 
end 
–自动比较期望结果与测试结果
function AssertResult(sExpects,RealResult)
    if sExpects == RealResult then
        return “OK”
    else
     return “NG”
    end

end

5.测试日志

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function WriteMsg(sMsg)  
    local h = io.open(reportfile,”a”)  
    io.output(h)  
    local sWriteStr = sMsg .. “/n” 
      
    if TestEntironment == Win32 then  
        print(sWriteStr)      
    end   
      
    io.write(sWriteStr)  
    io.close(h)  
end 
function WriteMsg(sMsg)
    local h = io.open(reportfile,”a”)
    io.output(h)
    local sWriteStr = sMsg .. “/n”
   
    if TestEntironment == Win32 then
        print(sWriteStr)   
    end
   
    io.write(sWriteStr)
    io.close(h)
end

6. 测试报告

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–将测试结果写入测试报告文件  
function WriteReport(sAssertResult,sRealResult)  
    local h = io.open(reportfile,”a”)  
    io.output(h)  
    local sWriteStr = “       ” .. sAssertResult ..”    (RealResult:” .. sRealResult .. “)/n” 
      
    if TestEntironment == Win32 then  
        print(sWriteStr)      
    end   
   
    io.write(sWriteStr)  
    io.input(h)  
    io.close(h)  
      
    AddRunStatistic(sAssertResult)  
end 
–将测试结果写入测试报告文件
function WriteReport(sAssertResult,sRealResult)
    local h = io.open(reportfile,”a”)
    io.output(h)
    local sWriteStr = “       ” .. sAssertResult ..”    (RealResult:” .. sRealResult .. “)/n”
   
    if TestEntironment == Win32 then
        print(sWriteStr)   
    end
 
    io.write(sWriteStr)
    io.input(h)
    io.close(h)
   
    AddRunStatistic(sAssertResult)
end

7.测试执行统计

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function AddRunStatistic(sAssertResult)  
    –统计测试执行情况  
    tRunStatistic[tRunStatisticIndex].iRunCaseNum = tRunStatistic[tRunStatisticIndex].iRunCaseNum + 1  
    if sAssertResult == “OK” then  
       tRunStatistic[tRunStatisticIndex].iOKCaseNum = tRunStatistic[tRunStatisticIndex].iOKCaseNum + 1  
    else 
       tRunStatistic[tRunStatisticIndex].iNGCaseNum = tRunStatistic[tRunStatisticIndex].iNGCaseNum + 1  
         
       –将失败的插入tRunNG  
       if (tRunNG[CurrNGModuleIndex]~= nil)and(tRunNG[CurrNGModuleIndex][1] == CurrModule) then  –存在Module记录  
           if (tRunNG[CurrNGModuleIndex][2][CurrNGCaseIndex][1]~= nil)and(tRunNG[CurrNGModuleIndex][2][CurrNGCaseIndex][1] == CurrCase) then –存在Case记录  
               –添加Step项  
               table.insert(tRunNG[CurrNGModuleIndex][2][CurrNGCaseIndex][2],CurrStep)  
           else 
               –增加Case项  
               table.insert(tRunNG[CurrNGModuleIndex][2],{CurrCase,{CurrStep}})  
               CurrNGCaseIndex = CurrNGCaseIndex + 1  
           end  
       else –增加Module项  
           table.insert(tRunNG,{CurrModule,{{CurrCase,{CurrStep}}}})  
           CurrNGModuleIndex = CurrNGModuleIndex + 1  
           CurrNGCaseIndex   = 1  –复位1  
       end  
    end   
end  
 
 
–统计测试用例执行情况  
function GetStatistic()    
    WriteMsg(“/nTestcase run statistic:”)  
    WriteMsg(“**********************************************************************”)  
    WriteMsg(“【ModuleName】”..”          【Run】”..”          【OK】”..”          【NG】”)  
    WriteMsg(“———————————————————————-”)  
    for i = 1,table.getn(tRunStatistic) do 
        –打印格式  
        s1 = “” 
        for j = 1,24 – string.len(tRunStatistic[i].Module) do 
            s1 = s1 ..” “ 
        end  
        s2 = “” 
        for j = 1,17 – string.len(tRunStatistic[i].iRunCaseNum) do 
            s2 = s2 .. ” “ 
        end  
        s3 = “” 
        for j = 1,16 – string.len(tRunStatistic[i].iOKCaseNum) do 
            s3 = s3 .. ” “ 
        end  
        WriteMsg(i..”:”..tRunStatistic[i].Module..s1..tRunStatistic[i].iRunCaseNum..s2..tRunStatistic[i].iOKCaseNum..s3..tRunStatistic[i].iNGCaseNum)  
    end  
    WriteMsg(“**********************************************************************”)  
    –记录执行失败用例  
    GetRunNGCase()  
end  
–记录执行失败用例       
function GetRunNGCase()  
    WriteMsg(“NG case info:”)  
    if table.getn(tRunNG)==0 then  
        WriteMsg(“No NG case,are you sure your case is perfect?”)  
    end  
    for i = 1,table.getn(tRunNG) do 
        WriteMsg(tRunNG[i][1])   –Module Name  
        for j = 1,table.getn(tRunNG[i][2]) do 
            WriteMsg(“  |–”..tRunNG[i][2][j][1]) –Case Name  
            for k = 1,table.getn(tRunNG[i][2][j][2]) do 
                WriteMsg(“        |–”..tRunNG[i][2][j][2][k])    — Step Name  
            end  
        end  
    end  
end 
function AddRunS
cc0d
tatistic(sAssertResult)
    –统计测试执行情况
    tRunStatistic[tRunStatisticIndex].iRunCaseNum = tRunStatistic[tRunStatisticIndex].iRunCaseNum + 1
 if sAssertResult == “OK” then
    tRunStatistic[tRunStatisticIndex].iOKCaseNum = tRunStatistic[tRunStatisticIndex].iOKCaseNum + 1
 else
       tRunStatistic[tRunStatisticIndex].iNGCaseNum = tRunStatistic[tRunStatisticIndex].iNGCaseNum + 1
      
       –将失败的插入tRunNG
       if (tRunNG[CurrNGModuleIndex]~= nil)and(tRunNG[CurrNGModuleIndex][1] == CurrModule) then  –存在Module记录
           if (tRunNG[CurrNGModuleIndex][2][CurrNGCaseIndex][1]~= nil)and(tRunNG[CurrNGModuleIndex][2][CurrNGCaseIndex][1] == CurrCase) then –存在Case记录
               –添加Step项
               table.insert(tRunNG[CurrNGModuleIndex][2][CurrNGCaseIndex][2],CurrStep)
           else
               –增加Case项
               table.insert(tRunNG[CurrNGModuleIndex][2],{CurrCase,{CurrStep}})
               CurrNGCaseIndex = CurrNGCaseIndex + 1
           end
       else –增加Module项
           table.insert(tRunNG,{CurrModule,{{CurrCase,{CurrStep}}}})
           CurrNGModuleIndex = CurrNGModuleIndex + 1
           CurrNGCaseIndex   = 1  –复位1
       end
 end
end
–统计测试用例执行情况
function GetStatistic() 
    WriteMsg(“/nTestcase run statistic:”)
    WriteMsg(“**********************************************************************”)
 WriteMsg(“【ModuleName】”..”          【Run】”..”          【OK】”..”          【NG】”)
 WriteMsg(“———————————————————————-”)
 for i = 1,table.getn(tRunStatistic) do
  –打印格式
  s1 = “”
  for j = 1,24 – string.len(tRunStatistic[i].Module) do
      s1 = s1 ..” ”
  end
  s2 = “”
  for j = 1,17 – string.len(tRunStatistic[i].iRunCaseNum) do
      s2 = s2 .. ” ”
  end
  s3 = “”
  for j = 1,16 – string.len(tRunStatistic[i].iOKCaseNum) do
      s3 = s3 .. ” ”
  end
        WriteMsg(i..”:”..tRunStatistic[i].Module..s1..tRunStatistic[i].iRunCaseNum..s2..tRunStatistic[i].iOKCaseNum..s3..tRunStatistic[i].iNGCaseNum)
 end
 WriteMsg(“**********************************************************************”)
 –记录执行失败用例
 GetRunNGCase()
end
–记录执行失败用例    
function GetRunNGCase()
    WriteMsg(“NG case info:”)
    if table.getn(tRunNG)==0 then
        WriteMsg(“No NG case,are you sure your case is perfect?”)
    end
 for i = 1,table.getn(tRunNG) do
  WriteMsg(tRunNG[i][1])   –Module Name
  for j = 1,table.getn(tRunNG[i][2]) do
      WriteMsg(“  |–”..tRunNG[i][2][j][1]) –Case Name
      for k = 1,table.getn(tRunNG[i][2][j][2]) do
          WriteMsg(“        |–”..tRunNG[i][2][j][2][k])    — Step Name
      end
  end
 end
end
五、使用方法

1.         测试用例
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function db_read_case()  
    WC(“db_read_case”);  
    WS(“Step1″)  
    h = db.open(U(Sdir .. “dbComm”))  
    –WM(h)  
    –读数据  读取全部   
    for i = 1,TEST_RECORD do 
        writeField = string.char(0×15)  
        for j = 1,20 do 
            writeField = writeField .. string.char(i+j)  
        end  
        readField = db.read(h,i,0,512)   –被测接口  
        ret = AR(writeField,readField)  
        if(ret == “NG”)then  
            WM(“error:”.. i)  
            break 
        end  
    end  
WR(ret,”nil”)  
 
    –关闭打开的数据库  
    db.close(h)  
end  
 
–测试用例执行  
InitTestFrame()  
WriteMsg(“Database API test begin …”)  
SetCurrModule(“Database”)  
CreateEntironment() –创建测试环境  
db_read_case()  
DestroyEntironment()–清除测试环境  
WriteMsg(“Database API test end!/n”)  
GetStatistic() 
function db_read_case()
    WC(“db_read_case”);
    WS(“Step1″)
 h = db.open(U(Sdir .. “dbComm”))
 –WM(h)
 –读数据  读取全部
 for i = 1,TEST_RECORD do
        writeField = string.char(0×15)
  for j = 1,20 do
            writeField = writeField .. string.char(i+j)
        end
  readField = db.read(h,i,0,512)   –被测接口
        ret = AR(writeField,readField)
  if(ret == “NG”)then
   WM(“error:”.. i)
   break
  end
    end
WR(ret,”nil”)

 –关闭打开的数据库
 db.close(h)
end

–测试用例执行
InitTestFrame()
WriteMsg(“Database API test begin …”)
SetCurrModule(“Database”)
CreateEntironment() –创建测试环境
db_read_case()
DestroyEntironment()–清除测试环境
WriteMsg(“Database API test end!/n”)
GetStatistic()

2.测试报告

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*****************************************************  
Tester   :vince zhang  
Test Date:03/27/08 15:19:06  
 
Database API test begin …  
 
【db_read_case】  
   |–Step1  
       OK    (RealResult:nil)  
   |–Step2  
       OK    (RealResult:nil)  
Database API test end!  
 
Testcase run statistic:  
**********************************************************************  
【ModuleName】          【Run】          【OK】          【NG】  
———————————————————————-  
1:Database                57               49              8  
**********************************************************************  
NG case info:  
Database  
  |–db_read_case  
        |–Step1  
  |–db_update_case  
        |–Step4 
*****************************************************
Tester   :vince zhang
Test Date:03/27/08 15:19:06

Database API test begin …

【db_read_case】
   |–Step1
       OK    (RealResult:nil)
   |–Step2
       OK    (RealResult:nil)
Database API test end!

Testcase run statistic:
**********************************************************************
【ModuleName】          【Run】          【OK】          【NG】
———————————————————————-
1:Database                57               49              8
**********************************************************************
NG case info:
Database
  |–db_read_case
        |–Step1
  |–db_update_case
        |–Step4
 

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标签：  测试 框架 lua database function module
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