linux 下手动创建数据库

1 首先ORACLE_SID问题

[oracle@paopao ~]$ echo $ORACLE_SID
orcl
因为要创建的数据库名为orcl1，所以更改ORACLE_SID如下：
[oracle@paopao ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=orcl1

2 准备初始化参数文件

##########################################################################

####
# Copyright (c) 1991, 2001, 2002 by Oracle Corporation
##########################################################################

####

###########################################
# Cache and I/O
###########################################
db_block_size=8192
db_file_multiblock_read_count=16

###########################################
# Cursors and Library Cache
###########################################
open_cursors=300

###########################################
# Database Identification
###########################################
db_domain=""
db_name=orcl1

###########################################
# Diagnostics and Statistics
###########################################
background_dump_dest=/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/admin/orcl1/b

dump
core_dump_dest=/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/admin/orcl1/cdump
user_dump_dest=/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/admin/orcl1/udump

###########################################
# File Configuration
###########################################
control_files=

("/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/control01.ctl",

"/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/control02.ctl",

"/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/control03.ctl")

###########################################
# Job Queues
###########################################
job_queue_processes=10

###########################################
# Miscellaneous
###########################################
compatible=10.2.0.1.0

###########################################
# Processes and Sessions
###########################################
processes=150

###########################################
# SGA Memory
###########################################
sga_target=285212672

###########################################
# Security and Auditing
###########################################
audit_file_dest=/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/admin/orcl1/adump
remote_login_passwordfile=EXCLUSIVE

###########################################
# Shared Server
###########################################
dispatchers="(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orcl1XDB)"

###########################################
# Sort, Hash Joins, Bitmap Indexes
###########################################
pga_aggregate_target=94371840

###########################################
# System Managed Undo and Rollback Segments
###########################################
undo_management=AUTO
undo_tablespace=UNDOTBS1

3 准备建库脚本

CREATE DATABASE orcl1
USER sys IDENTIFIED BY admin
USER system IDENTIFIED BY manager
maxinstances 1
maxloghistory 1
maxlogfiles 5
maxlogmembers 5
DATAFILE '/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/system01.dbf'

size 400M REUSE
SYSAUX DATAFILE

'/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/sysaux01.dbf' size 400M

REUSE
DEFAULT TEMPORARY tablespace temp01
TEMPFILE '/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/temp01.dbf'

size 100M REUSE
UNDO TABLESPACE "undotbs1"
DATAFILE '/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/undotbs01.dbf'

size 200M REUSE
DEFAULT TABLESPACE users
DATAFILE '/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/users01.dbf'

size 100M REUSE
CONTROLFILE REUSE
LOGFILE group 1

('/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/redo01.log') size 10M

REUSE,
group 2

('/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/redo02.log') size 10M

REUSE,
group 3

('/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/redo03.log') size 10M

REUSE;

4 创建必要的目录

[oracle@paopao ~]$ mkdir -pv /home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db1/admin/orcl1{adump,bdump,cdump,dpbump,udump,pfile}

更改它们的权限

[oracle@paopao ~]$ chmod 775 -Rv /home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db1/admin/

更改他们的所属主组

[oracle@paopao ~]$ chown oracle:oinstall -Rv /home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db1/admin/

[oracle@paopao ~]$ mkdir /home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1

[oracle@paopao ~]$ mkdir /home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/arch -pv

[oracle@paopao ~]$ chmod 775 -Rv /home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1

[oracle@paopao ~]$ chown oracle:oinstall -Rv /home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1

5 [oracle@paopao ~]$ /home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/sqlplus /nolog

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun May 16 04:10:12 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

SQL> conn sys/admin as sysdba

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup nomount pfile='/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/admin/orcl1/pfile/pfileorcl1.ora';

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 285212672 bytes
Fixed Size 1218992 bytes
Variable Size 92276304 bytes
Database Buffers 188743680 bytes
Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes

6 执行上面的脚本创建数据库

SQL> @/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/createdb.sql

Database created.

7 以下两个命令将创建数据字典

SQL>@/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql

SQL>@/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql
SQL>@/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/admin/catblock.sql;

SQL>@/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/admin/catoctk.sql;

SQL>@/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/admin/owminst.plb;

SQL>@/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/admin/catclust.sql;
SQL>@/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql;

8 创建spfile

SQL> create spfile='/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/admin/orcl1/pfile/spfileorcl1.ora' from pfile='/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/admin/orcl1/pfile/pfileorcl1.ora'

9 把数据库打开到正常状态

SQL>alter database mount;
SQL>alter database open;

10 测试新建数据库是否可以正常运行

问题：linux下手动创建数据库不用创建服务吗？

参考网址：http://www.ccnadk.com/jishuzixun/2346.html