如何枚举windows系统中的所有设备

对于在linux下，我们可以读取/proc/partitions来获得系统中所有的硬盘和分区的各个设备名，但对于windows下，我们又如何获得系统下的各个设备呢，这里用了windows下的API －－－ FindFirstVolume、

FindNextVolume
和
FindVolumeClose。



这些API可以枚举windows系统下的各个设备。

以下的程序摘自微软的msdn上的例子程序，用于显示系统中的所有设备和卷的路径名。对于每个卷，例子中的程序将会查找系统中的每个卷，程序将获得卷的设备名和卷的路径名，并显示出了。

#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
void DisplayVolumePaths(
__in PWCHAR VolumeName
)
{
DWORD  CharCount = MAX_PATH + 1;
PWCHAR Names     = NULL;
PWCHAR NameIdx   = NULL;
BOOL   Success   = FALSE;
for (;;)
{
//
//  Allocate a buffer to hold the paths.
Names = (PWCHAR) new BYTE [CharCount * sizeof(WCHAR)];
if ( !Names )
{
//
//  If memory can't be allocated, return.
return;
}
//
//  Obtain all of the paths
//  for this volume.
Success = GetVolumePathNamesForVolumeNameW(
VolumeName, Names, CharCount, &CharCount
);
if ( Success )
{
break;
}
if ( GetLastError() != ERROR_MORE_DATA )
{
break;
}
//
//  Try again with the
//  new suggested size.
delete [] Names;
Names = NULL;
}
if ( Success )
{
//
//  Display the various paths.
for ( NameIdx = Names;
NameIdx[0] != L'/0';
NameIdx += wcslen(NameIdx) + 1 )
{
wprintf(L"  %s", NameIdx);
}
wprintf(L"/n");
}
if ( Names != NULL )
{
delete [] Names;
Names = NULL;
}
return;
}
void __cdecl wmain(void)
{
DWORD  CharCount            = 0;
WCHAR  DeviceName[MAX_PATH] = L"";
DWORD  Error                = ERROR_SUCCESS;
HANDLE FindHandle           = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
BOOL   Found                = FALSE;
size_t Index                = 0;
BOOL   Success              = FALSE;
WCHAR  VolumeName[MAX_PATH] = L"";
//
//  Enumerate all volumes in the system.
FindHandle = FindFirstVolumeW(VolumeName, ARRAYSIZE(VolumeName));
if (FindHandle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
{
Error = GetLastError();
wprintf(L"FindFirstVolumeW failed with error code %d/n", Error);
return;
}
for (;;)
{
//
//  Skip the //?/ prefix and remove the trailing backslash.
Index = wcslen(VolumeName) - 1;
if (VolumeName[0]     != L'//' ||
VolumeName[1]     != L'//' ||
VolumeName[2]     != L'?'  ||
VolumeName[3]     != L'//' ||
VolumeName[Index] != L'//')
{
Error = ERROR_BAD_PATHNAME;
wprintf(L"FindFirstVolumeW/FindNextVolumeW returned a bad path: %s/n", VolumeName);
break;
}
//
//  QueryDosDeviceW doesn't allow a trailing backslash,
//  so temporarily remove it.
VolumeName[Index] = L'/0';
CharCount = QueryDosDeviceW(&VolumeName[4], DeviceName, ARRAYSIZE(DeviceName));
VolumeName[Index] = L'//';
if ( CharCount == 0 )
{
Error = GetLastError();
wprintf(L"QueryDosDeviceW failed with error code %d/n", Error);
break;
}
wprintf(L"/nFound a device:/n %s", DeviceName);
wprintf(L"/nVolume name: %s", VolumeName);
wprintf(L"/nPaths:");
DisplayVolumePaths(VolumeName);
//
//  Move on to the next volume.
Success = FindNextVolumeW(FindHandle, VolumeName, ARRAYSIZE(VolumeName));
if ( !Success )
{
Error = GetLastError();
if (Error != ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES)
{
wprintf(L"FindNextVolumeW failed with error code %d/n", Error);
break;
}
//
//  Finished iterating
//  through all the volumes.
Error = ERROR_SUCCESS;
break;
}
}
FindVolumeClose(FindHandle);
FindHandle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
return;
}

下面是程序输出中的一个例子，对于每个卷，输出它的卷设备路径，卷GUID路径和设备字符。

Found a device:

/Device/HarddiskVolume2

Volume name: //?/Volume{4c1b02c1-d990-11dc-99ae-806e6f6e6963}/

Paths:  C:/

Found a device:

/Device/CdRom0

Volume name: //?/Volume{4c1b02c4-d990-11dc-99ae-806e6f6e6963}/

Paths:  D:/