重建控制文件修复数据库的步骤

1、shutdown immediate;
2、在internal或sys下运行如下创建控制文件的脚本，注意完整列出联机日志或数据文件的路径，或修改由alter database backup control file to trace备份控制文件时产生的脚本，去掉多余的注释即可。
STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "TEST" NORESETLOGS NOARCHIVELOG
MAXLOGFILES 32
MAXLOGMEMBERS 2
MAXDATAFILES 254
MAXINSTANCES 1
MAXLOGHISTORY 226
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 'D:/ORACLE/ORADATA/TEST/REDO01.LOG' SIZE 1M,
GROUP 2 'D:/ORACLE/ORADATA/TEST/REDO02.LOG' SIZE 1M,
GROUP 3 'D:/ORACLE/ORADATA/TEST/REDO03.LOG' SIZE 1M
DATAFILE
'D:/ORACLE/ORADATA/TEST/SYSTEM01.DBF',
'D:/ORACLE/ORADATA/TEST/RBS01.DBF',
'D:/ORACLE/ORADATA/TEST/USERS01.DBF',
'D:/ORACLE/ORADATA/TEST/TEMP01.DBF',
'D:/ORACLE/ORADATA/TEST/TOOLS01.DBF',
'D:/ORACLE/ORADATA/TEST/INDX01.DBF'
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK;

-- Recovery is required if any of the datafiles are restored backups,
-- or if the last shutdown was not normal or immediate.
RECOVER DATABASE
--if the last shutdown was not normal or immediate
--noarchive
-- RECOVER DATABASE UNTIL CANCELUSING BACKUP CONTROLFILE
--archive
-- RECOVER DATABASE USING BACKUP CONTROLFILE UNTIL CANCEL
-- Database can now be opened normally.
ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
--if recover database until cancel
--ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;

3、如果没有错误，数据库将启动到open状态下。