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IE的setAttribute bug

2009-12-01 09:56 211 查看

IE的setAttribute中与标准浏览器的有许多不同,一不小心地踩雷。你不能用它来设置name属性,你也不能在元素加入DOM后设置type属性,也不能用它直接设置内联事件( inline event handlers),也不能用它设置样式……

在IE6,IE7中,如果动态生成input元素,是无法为其设置name属性的。当然这bug已经在IE8中被修复,详见这里。由于name属性对表单元素非常重要(在提交表单时,与value属性组成键值对,发送到后台),因此必须留意这个bug。

<!doctype html>
<html dir="ltr" lang="zh-CN">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
<title>setAttribute bug By 司徒正美</title>
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=7">
<script type="text/javascript">
window.onload = function(){
var form = document.createElement("form");
var input = document.createElement("input");
var root = document.body;
input.setAttribute("name", "test");
root.appendChild(form);//注意添加顺序,添加顺序错的话,IE会内存泄漏
form.appendChild(input);
alert(form.elements.test)
}
</script>

</head>
<body>
<h3>请在IE6与IE7下浏览,当然IE8也可以,我已让IE8处在IE7的兼容模式下运作。兼容模式连bugs也兼容了……</h3>
</body>
</html>

运行代码

解决办法有两个,如用innerHTML,觉得innerHTML真是一个伟大的发明,连火狐与W3C那帮死对头也不得不屈服。

<!doctype html>
<html dir="ltr" lang="zh-CN">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
<title>setAttribute bug By 司徒正美</title>
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=7">
<script type="text/javascript">
window.onload = function(){
var body = document.body;
var form = document.createElement("form");
form.innerHTML = "<input name='test' type='text' />"
body.appendChild(form);
alert(form.elements.test)
}
</script>

</head>
<body>
<h3>请在IE6与IE7下浏览</h3>
</body>
</html>

运行代码

另一个利用IE强大的createElement特征,它能在创建元素的同时,连属性也一起创建。

<!doctype html>
<html dir="ltr" lang="zh-CN">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
<title>setAttribute bug By 司徒正美</title>
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=7">
<script type="text/javascript">
window.onload = function(){
var body = document.body;
var form = document.createElement("form");
try{
var input = document.createElement("<input type='text' name='test'>");
}catch(e){
var input = document.createElement("input");
input.setAttribute("name", "test")
}
body.appendChild(form);//注意添加顺序,添加顺序错的话,IE会内存泄漏
form.appendChild(input);
alert(form.elements.test)
}
</script>

</head>
<body>
<h3>请在IE6与IE7下浏览</h3>
</body>
</html>

运行代码

但name只是冰山一角,setAttribute在设置属性时,有许多属性在IE下与标准浏览器的命名是不一样的,看一下jQuery,发现它也是不全的。许多地雷埋在这里,总有一个你迟早会中的。下面是一个详尽的参照表:左边为标准游览器的,右边是IE的。

var IEfix = {
acceptcharset: "acceptCharset",
accesskey: "accessKey",
allowtransparency: "allowTransparency",
bgcolor: "bgColor",
cellpadding: "cellPadding",
cellspacing: "cellSpacing",
"class":  "className",
colspan:  "colSpan",
checked: "defaultChecked",
selected: "defaultSelected",
"for":  "htmlFor" ,
frameborder:  "frameBorder",
hspace:  "hSpace",
longdesc:  "longDesc",
maxlength:  "maxLength",
marginwidth:  "marginWidth",
marginheight:  "marginHeight",
noresize:  "noResize",
noshade:  "noShade",
readonly: "readOnly",
rowspan:  "rowSpan",
tabindex:  "tabIndex",
valign:  "vAlign",
vspace:  "vSpace"
}

IE不能用setAttribute为dom元素设置onXXX属性,换言之,不能用setAttribute设置事件。

<!doctype html>
<html dir="ltr" lang="zh-CN">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
<title>setAttribute bug By 司徒正美</title>
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=7">
<script type="text/javascript">
window.onload = function(){
var body = document.body;
var form = document.createElement("form");
form.innerHTML = "<input name='test' type='text' />"
body.appendChild(form);
form.elements.test.setAttribute("onfocus", "alert(this.name)");
}
</script>

</head>
<body>
<h3>用setAttribute设置事件</h3>
<p>在IE下文本域获得焦点后并没有弹出预期的alert!</p>
</body>
</html>

运行代码

IE要直接赋给一个函数!

var body = document.body;
var form = document.createElement("form");
form.innerHTML = "<input name='test' type='text' />"
body.appendChild(form);
if(!+"\v1"){
form.elements.test.setAttribute("onfocus", function(){alert(this.name)});
}else{
form.elements.test.setAttribute("onfocus", "alert(this.name)");
}


<!doctype html>
<html dir="ltr" lang="zh-CN">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
<title>setAttribute bug By 司徒正美</title>
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=7">
<script type="text/javascript">
window.onload = function(){
var body = document.body;
var form = document.createElement("form");
form.innerHTML = "<input name='test' type='text' />"
body.appendChild(form);

if(!+"\v1"){
form.elements.test.setAttribute("onfocus", function(){alert(this.name)});
}else{
form.elements.test.setAttribute("onfocus", "alert(this.name)");
}
}
</script>

</head>
<body>
<h3>IE用setAttribute设置事件要直接赋函数!</h3>
</body>
</html>

运行代码

在IE6与IE7中也不能用setAttribute设置样式:dom.setAttribute("style","font-size:14px")

<!doctype html>
<html dir="ltr" lang="zh-CN">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
<title>setAttribute bug By 司徒正美</title>
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=7">
<script type="text/javascript">
window.onload = function(){
var styleData = 'border:1px solid #000;background:#F1FAFA;font-weight:bold;';
var h3 = document.getElementsByTagName("h3")[0]

h3.setAttribute('style', styleData);
}
</script>

</head>
<body>
<h3>IE6与IE7看不到效果!</h3>
</body>
</html>

运行代码

这时要统一用dom元素的style.csstext属性赋值比较安全。

<!doctype html>
<html dir="ltr" lang="zh-CN">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
<title>setAttribute bug By 司徒正美</title>
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=7">
<script type="text/javascript">
window.onload = function(){
var styleData = 'border:1px solid #000;background:#F1FAFA;font-weight:bold;';
var h3 = document.getElementsByTagName("h3")[0]
if(!+"\v1"){
//use the .cssText hack
h3.style.setAttribute('cssText', styleData);
} else {
//use the correct DOM Method
h3.setAttribute('style', styleData);
}
}
</script>

</head>
<body>
<h3>h3.style.setAttribute('cssText', styleData);</h3>
</body>
</html>

运行代码
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