ABAP 程序完成EXCEL文件的导入导出,OLE技术的应用

今天主要学习了使用微软的OLE技术，用ABAP程序完成excel文件的导入导出处理。

（一）常用的OLE函数：

CALL METHOD , CALL OBJECT , FREE OBJECT , GET PROPERTY , SET PROPERTY.

设属性：SET PROPERTY OF <对象><属性> = <value>

取属性：GET PROPERTY OF <对象><属性> = 变量

调用方法：CALL METHOD OF <对象><METHOD><value> EXPORTING #<PARA> = <VALUE>.

输出可以是多个参数。

释放对象是：FREE OBJECT<对象>.

（二）从excel读入文件到abap程序

a： 使用函数将excel读入abap内表

先要定义读入excel 的内表，abap本身已定义格式

然后要有一个输入文件名参数，改参数输入要读取的excel文件的所在路径

再调用函数直接从已知文件名读入内表

最后测试可以循环读取内表并打印显示出来

SPAN { font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; background: #FFFFFF; } .L1S31 { font-style. italic; color: #808080; } .L1S32 { color: #3399FF; } .L1S33 { color: #4DA619; } .L1S52 { color: #0000FF; }REPORT YTEST67.
DATA:BEGIN OF IEXCEL OCCURS 0.
INCLUDE STRUCTURE ALSMEX_TABLINE.
DATA:END OF IEXCEL.

PARAMETERS:FN1 LIKE RLGRAP-FILENAME MEMORY ID M01.

"CALL FUNCTION 'ALSM_EXCEL_TO_INTERNAL_TABLE'
CALL FUNCTION 'ALSM_EXCEL_TO_INTERNAL_TABLE'
EXPORTING
filename = FN1
i_begin_col = 1
i_begin_row = 1
i_end_col = 100
i_end_row = 100
tables
intern = IEXCEL
EXCEPTIONS
INCONSISTENT_PARAMETERS = 1
UPLOAD_OLE = 2
OTHERS = 3
.
IF sy-subrc <> 0.
WRITE: / '读入文件错误！',FN1.
* MESSAGE ID SY-MSGID TYPE SY-MSGTY NUMBER SY-MSGNO
* WITH SY-MSGV1 SY-MSGV2 SY-MSGV3 SY-MSGV4.
ELSE.
LOOP AT IEXCEL.
WRITE IEXCEL-VALUE(20).
AT END OF ROW.
WRITE : /.
ENDAT.
ENDLOOP.
ENDIF.

b：直接从excel读取

先要定义OLE变量，要有输入文件名参数（同上）

再启动excel 即要创建excel对象

SPAN { font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; background: #FFFFFF; } .L1S31 { font-style. italic; color: #808080; } .L1S32 { color: #3399FF; } .L1S33 { color: #4DA619; } .L1S52 { color: #0000FF; }REPORT YTEST68.

INCLUDE OLE2INCL.
*定义OLE变量
DATA:EXCEL TYPE OLE2_OBJECT,
SHEET TYPE OLE2_OBJECT,
CELL TYPE OLE2_OBJECT,
WORKBOOK TYPE OLE2_OBJECT.

DATA:VAL1(30) TYPE C.
DATA: R1 TYPE I,
R2 TYPE I.
*输入文件名参数
PARAMETERS:FN1 LIKE RLGRAP-FILENAME MEMORY ID M01.

*启动excel
CREATE OBJECT EXCEL 'EXCEL.APPLICATION'."创建excel对象
*
CALL METHOD OF EXCEL 'WORKBOOKS' = WORKBOOK. "调用excel的方法
IF SY-SUBRC NE 0 .
WRITE : / 'EXCEL 错误!'.
LEAVE PROGRAM.
ENDIF.
*使excel 可视
SET PROPERTY OF EXCEL 'VISIBLE' = 1.
*EXCEL 文件打开
CALL METHOD OF WORKBOOK 'OPEN' EXPORTING #1 = FN1.

IF SY-SUBRC NE 0 .
WRITE : / '处理错误！'.
LEAVE PROGRAM.
ENDIF.
*第一页
CALL METHOD OF EXCEL 'WORKSHEETS' = SHEET EXPORTING #1 = 1.
*读取前10行10列
DO 10 TIMES.
WRITE : / '行：',SY-INDEX.
R1 = SY-INDEX.
DO 10 TIMES.
R2 = SY-INDEX.
*指定单元格，并读取值属性
CALL METHOD OF EXCEL 'CELLS' = CELL EXPORTING #1 = R1 #2 = R2.
GET PROPERTY OF CELL 'VALUE' = VAL1. "读取excel文件中的内容是用get property of excel
"如果是写入excel文件则用 set property of excel
WRITE : VAL1.
ENDDO.
ENDDO.

（三）将数据传送到excel并保存

SPAN { font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; background: #FFFFFF; } .L1S31 { font-style. italic; color: #808080; } .L1S32 { color: #3399FF; } .L1S33 { color: #4DA619; } .L1S52 { color: #0000FF; }REPORT YTEST69.

INCLUDE OLE2INCL.
*定义OLE变量
DATA:EXCEL TYPE OLE2_OBJECT,
SHEET TYPE OLE2_OBJECT,
CELL TYPE OLE2_OBJECT,
WORKBOOK TYPE OLE2_OBJECT.

DATA:VAL1(30) TYPE C.
DATA: R1 TYPE I,
R2 TYPE I.
*输入文件名参数
PARAMETERS:FN1 LIKE RLGRAP-FILENAME MEMORY ID M01.

*启动excel
CREATE OBJECT EXCEL 'EXCEL.APPLICATION'.

IF SY-SUBRC NE 0 .
WRITE: / ''.
STOP.
ENDIF.

CALL METHOD OF EXCEL 'WORKBOOKS' = WORKBOOK.
*使excel 可视
SET PROPERTY OF EXCEL 'VISIBLE' = 1.

*建立worksheet
SET PROPERTY OF EXCEL 'SHEETSINNEWWORKBOOK' = 1. "如果是读取excel文件中的内容 则是直接打开工作簿第一页
CALL METHOD OF WORKBOOK 'ADD'. " 例如：CALL METHOD OF EXCEL 'WORKSHEETS' = SHEET EXPORTING #1 = 1.
*写前10行10列
DO 10 TIMES.
R1 = SY-INDEX.
VAL1+1(4) = '行：'.
VAL1+6(4) = R1.
DO 10 TIMES.
R2 = SY-INDEX.
VAL1+15(4) = '列：'.
VAL1+19(4) = R2.
*指定单元格，并写入值
CALL METHOD OF EXCEL 'CELLS' = CELL EXPORTING #1 = R1 #2 = R2.
SET PROPERTY OF CELL 'VALUE' = VAL1.
ENDDO.
ENDDO.

*存入文件
GET PROPERTY OF EXCEL 'ACTIVESHEET' = SHEET. "激活工作簿
GET PROPERTY OF EXCEL 'ACTIVEWORKBOOK' = WORKBOOK. "激活工作区
CALL METHOD OF WORKBOOK 'SAVEAS' EXPORTING #1 = FN1 #2 = 1. "将excel文件保存为 FN1 路径
CALL METHOD OF WORKBOOK 'CLOSE'. "关闭工作区
CALL METHOD OF EXCEL 'QUIT'. " 退出excel
WRITE 'DONE'. "退出成功，输出done

FREE OBJECT SHEET. "释放操作
FREE OBJECT WORKBOOK.
FREE OBJECT EXCEL.