您的位置:首页 > 其它

sp_MSforeachtable和sp_MSforeachdb

2009-09-21 14:34 351 查看
导读:

  从SQLSERVER6.5开始,MS提供了一个非常有用的系统存储过程sp_MSforeachtable和sp_MSforeachDB;作为DBA会经常需要检查所有的数据库或用户表,比如:检查所有数据库的容量;看看指定数据库所有用户表的容量,所有表的记录数...,我们一般处理这样的问题都是用游标分别处理处理,比如:在数据库检索效率非常慢时,我们想检查数据库所有的用户表,我们就必须这样写游标:

  DECLARE @TableName varchar(255)

  DECLARE @ExeSQL varchar(4000)

  DECLARE Table_Cursor CURSOR FOR SELECT [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE xtype='U'

  OPEN Table_Cursor

  FETCH NEXT FROM Table_Cursor INTO @TableName

  WHILE(@@FETCH_STATUS=0)

  BEGIN

  PRINT @TableName

  SELECT @ExeSQL='DBCC CHECKTABLE(''+@TableName+'')'

  EXEC(@EXESQL)

  FETCH NEXT FROM Table_Cursor INTO @TableName

  END

  CLOSE Table_Cursor

  DEALLOCATE Table_Cursor

  GO

  如果我们用sp_MSforeachtable就可以非常方便的达到相同的目的:

  EXEC sp_MSforeachtable @command1="print '?' DBCC CHECKTABLE('?')"

  大家可以看出这样就更加简洁(虽然在后台也是通过游标来处理的),下面我们就仔细分析一下sp_MSforeachtable这个存储过程:

  我们看看sp_MSforeachtable详细的CODE:

  USE MASTER

  GO

  SP_HELPTEXT sp_MSforeachtable

  --下面时sp_MSforeachtable的原始代码

  create proc sp_MSforeachtable

  @command1 nvarchar(2000),

  @replacechar nchar(1) = N'?',

  @command2 nvarchar(2000) = null,

  @command3 nvarchar(2000) = null,

  @whereand nvarchar(2000) = null,

  @precommand nvarchar(2000) = null,

  @postcommand nvarchar(2000) = null

  as

  /* This proc returns one or more rows for each table (optionally, matching @where), with each table defaulting to its own result set */

  /* @precommand and @postcommand may be used to force a single result set via a temp table. */

  /* Preprocessor won't replace within quotes so have to use str(). */

  declare @mscat nvarchar(12)

  select @mscat = ltrim(str(convert(int, 0x0002)))

  if (@precommand is not null)

  exec(@precommand)

  /* Create the select */

  exec(N'declare hCForEach cursor global for select '[' + REPLACE(user_name(uid), N']', N']]') + ']' + '.' + '[' + REPLACE(object_name(id), N']', N']]') + ']' from dbo.sysobjects o '

  + N' where OBJECTPROPERTY(o.id, N'IsUserTable') = 1 ' + N' and o.category &' + @mscat + N' = 0 '

  + @whereand)

  declare @retval int

  select @retval = @@error

  if (@retval = 0)

  exec @retval = sp_MSforeach_worker @command1, @replacechar, @command2, @command3

  if (@retval = 0 and @postcommand is not null)

  exec(@postcommand)

  return @retval

  这个系统存储过程有7个参数:

  @command1 nvarchar(2000), --第一条运行的T-SQL指令

  @replacechar nchar(1) = N'?', --指定的占位符号

  @command2 nvarchar(2000) = null,--第二条运行的T-SQL指令

  @command3 nvarchar(2000) = null, --第三条运行的T-SQL指令

  @whereand nvarchar(2000) = null, --可选条件来选择表

  @precommand nvarchar(2000) = null, --在表前执行的指令

  @postcommand nvarchar(2000) = null --在表后执行的指令

  所以上面的语句也可以这样写:

  EXEC sp_MSforeachtable @command1="print '?'",

  @command2= "DBCC CHECKTABLE('?')"

  了解参数以后,就让我们做几个实列吧:

  1.获得每个表的记录数和容量:

  EXEC sp_MSforeachtable @command1="print '?'",

  @command2="sp_spaceused '?'",

  @command3= "SELECT count(*) FROM ? "

  2.更新PUBS数据库中已t开头的所有表的统计:

  EXEC sp_MSforeachtable @whereand="and name like 't%'",

  @replacechar='*',

  @precommand="print 'Updating Statistics.....' print '",

  @command1="print '*' update statistics * ",

  @postcommand= "print'print 'Complete Update Statistics!'"

  sp_MSforeachDB除了@whereand外,和sp_MSforeachtable的参数是一样的,我们可以通过这个存储过程检测所有的数据库,比如:

  1.检查所有的数据库

  EXEC sp_MSforeachdb @command1="print '?'",

  @command2="DBCC CHECKDB (?) "

  有了上面的分析,我们可以建立自己的sp_MSforeachObject:

  USE MASTER

  GO

  CREATE proc sp_MSforeachObject

  @objectType int=1,

  @command1 nvarchar(2000),

  @replacechar nchar(1) = N'?',

  @command2 nvarchar(2000) = null,

  @command3 nvarchar(2000) = null,

  @whereand nvarchar(2000) = null,

  @precommand nvarchar(2000) = null,

  @postcommand nvarchar(2000) = null

  as

  /* This proc returns one or more rows for each table (optionally, matching @where), with each table defaulting to its

  own result set */

  /* @precommand and @postcommand may be used to force a single result set via a temp table. */

  /* Preprocessor won't replace within quotes so have to use str(). */

  declare @mscat nvarchar(12)

  select @mscat = ltrim(str(convert(int, 0x0002)))

  if (@precommand is not null)

  exec(@precommand)

  /* Defined @isobject for save object type */

  Declare @isobject varchar(256)

  select @isobject= case @objectType

  when 1 then 'IsUserTable'

  when 2 then 'IsView'

  when 3 then 'IsTrigger'

  when 4 then 'IsProcedure'

  when 5 then 'IsDefault'

  when 6 then 'IsForeignKey'

  when 7 then 'IsScalarFunction'

  when 8 then 'IsInlineFunction'

  when 9 then 'IsPrimaryKey'

  when 10 then 'IsExtendedProc'

  when 11 then 'IsReplProc'

  when 12 then 'IsRule'

  end

  /* Create the select */

  /* Use @isobject variable isstead of IsUserTable string */

  EXEC(N'declare hCForEach cursor global for select '[' + REPLACE(user_name(uid), N']', N']]') + ']' + '.' + '[' +

  REPLACE(object_name(id), N']', N']]') + ']' from dbo.sysobjects o '

  + N' where OBJECTPROPERTY(o.id, N''+@isobject+'') = 1 '+N' and o.category &' + @mscat + N' = 0 '

  + @whereand)

  declare @retval int

  select @retval = @@error

  if (@retval = 0)

  exec @retval = sp_MSforeach_worker @command1, @replacechar, @command2, @command3

  if (@retval = 0 and @postcommand is not null)

  exec(@postcommand)

  return @retval

  GO

  这样我们来测试一下:

  1.获得所有的存储过程的脚本:

  EXEc sp_MSforeachObject @command1="sp_helptext '?' ",@objectType=4

  2.获得所有的视图的脚本:

  EXEc sp_MSforeachObject @command1="sp_helptext '?' ",@objectType=2

  3.比如在开发过程中,没一个用户都是自己的OBJECT OWNER,所以在真实的数据库时都要改为DBO:

  EXEc sp_MSforeachObject @command1="sp_changeobjectowner '?', 'dbo'",@objectType=1

  EXEc sp_MSforeachObject @command1="sp_changeobjectowner '?', 'dbo'",@objectType=2

  EXEc sp_MSforeachObject @command1="sp_changeobjectowner '?', 'dbo'",@objectType=3

  EXEc sp_MSforeachObject @command1="sp_changeobjectowner '?', 'dbo'",@objectType=4

  这样就非常方便的将每一个数据库对象改为DBO.

  

  http://blog.csdn.net/leimin/archive/2004/03/08/12901.aspx

  Trackback: http://tb.blog.csdn.net/TrackBack.aspx?PostId=1631762

本文来自CSDN博客,转载请标明出处:http://blog.csdn.net/lingweixuan/archive/2007/11/09/1875795.aspx
内容来自用户分享和网络整理,不保证内容的准确性,如有侵权内容,可联系管理员处理 点击这里给我发消息
标签: