C#创建数字证书并导出为pfx，并使用pfx进行非对称加解密

我的项目当中，考虑到安全性，需要为每个客户端分发一个数字证书，同时使用数字证书中的公私钥来进行数据的加解密。为了完成这个安全模块，特写了如下一个DEMO程序，该DEMO程序包含的功能有：

1：调用.NET2.0的MAKECERT创建含有私钥的数字证书，并存储到个人证书区；

2：将该证书导出为pfx文件，并为其指定一个用来打开pfx文件的password；

3：读取pfx文件，导出pfx中公钥和私钥；

4：用pfx证书中的公钥进行数据的加密，用私钥进行数据的解密；

代码如下：

view plaincopy to clipboardprint?
/// <summary>
/// 将证书从证书存储区导出，并存储为pfx文件，同时为pfx文件指定打开的密码
/// 本函数同时也演示如何用公钥进行加密，私钥进行解密
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void btn_toPfxFile_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
X509Store store = new X509Store(StoreName.My, StoreLocation.CurrentUser);
store.Open(OpenFlags.ReadWrite);
X509Certificate2Collection storecollection = (X509Certificate2Collection)store.Certificates;
foreach (X509Certificate2 x509 in storecollection)
{
if (x509.Subject == "CN=luminji")
{
Debug.Print(string.Format("certificate name: {0}", x509.Subject));
byte[] pfxByte = x509.Export(X509ContentType.Pfx, "123");
using (FileStream  fileStream = new FileStream("luminji.pfx", FileMode.Create))
{
// Write the data to the file, byte by byte.
for (int i = 0; i < pfxByte.Length; i++)
fileStream.WriteByte(pfxByte[i]);
// Set the stream position to the beginning of the file.
fileStream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
// Read and verify the data.
for (int i = 0; i < fileStream.Length; i++)
{
if (pfxByte[i] != fileStream.ReadByte())
{
Debug.Print("Error writing data.");
return;
}
}
fileStream.Close();
Debug.Print("The data was written to {0} " +
"and verified.", fileStream.Name);
}
string myname = "my name is luminji! and i love huzhonghua!";
string enStr = this.RSAEncrypt(x509.PublicKey.Key.ToXmlString(false), myname);
MessageBox.Show("密文是：" + enStr);
string deStr = this.RSADecrypt(x509.PrivateKey.ToXmlString(true), enStr);
MessageBox.Show("明文是：" + deStr);
}
}
store.Close();
store = null;
storecollection = null;
}

/// <summary>
/// 创建还有私钥的证书
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void btn_createPfx_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string MakeCert = "C://Program Files//Microsoft Visual Studio 8//SDK//v2.0//Bin//makecert.exe";
string x509Name = "CN=luminji";
string param = " -pe -ss my -n /"" + x509Name + "/" " ;
Process p = Process.Start(MakeCert, param);
p.WaitForExit();
p.Close();
MessageBox.Show("over");
}

/// <summary>
/// 从pfx文件读取证书信息
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void btn_readFromPfxFile(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
X509Certificate2 pc = new X509Certificate2("luminji.pfx", "123");
MessageBox.Show("name:" + pc.SubjectName.Name);
MessageBox.Show("public:" + pc.PublicKey.ToString());
MessageBox.Show("private:" + pc.PrivateKey.ToString());
pc = null;
}

/// <summary>
/// RSA解密
/// </summary>
/// <param name="xmlPrivateKey"></param>
/// <param name="m_strDecryptString"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public string RSADecrypt(string xmlPrivateKey, string m_strDecryptString)
{
RSACryptoServiceProvider provider = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
provider.FromXmlString(xmlPrivateKey);
byte[] rgb = Convert.FromBase64String(m_strDecryptString);
byte[] bytes = provider.Decrypt(rgb, false);
return new UnicodeEncoding().GetString(bytes);
}
/// <summary>
/// RSA加密
/// </summary>
/// <param name="xmlPublicKey"></param>
/// <param name="m_strEncryptString"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public string RSAEncrypt(string xmlPublicKey, string m_strEncryptString)
{
RSACryptoServiceProvider provider = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
provider.FromXmlString(xmlPublicKey);
byte[] bytes = new UnicodeEncoding().GetBytes(m_strEncryptString);
return Convert.ToBase64String(provider.Encrypt(bytes, false));
}