多级反向代理[Squid]下获取客户端真实IP地址
2009-05-06 10:18
323 查看
在很多应用下都可能有需要将用户的真实IP记录下来,这时就要获得用户的真实IP地址,在JSP里,获取客户端的IP地址的方法是:request.getRemoteAddr(),这种方法在大部分情况下都是有效的。但是在通过了Apache,Squid等反向代理软件就不能获取到客户端的真实IP地址了。
这段时间在做IP统计的程序设计,由于服务器作了集群,使用了反向代理软件,将http://192.168.1.110:2046/的URL反向代理为http://www.xxx.com/的URL时,用request.getRemoteAddr()方法获取的IP地址是:127.0.0.1 或 192.168.1.110,而并不是客户端的真实IP。这是什么原因呢?
这是反向代理的原因。经过代理以后,由于在客户端和服务之间增加了中间层,因此服务器无法直接拿到客户端的IP,服务器端应用也无法直接通过转发请求的地址返回给客户端。但是在转发请求的HTTP头信息中,增加了X-FORWARDED-FOR信息。用以跟踪原有的客户端IP地址和原来客户端请求的服务器地址。当我们访问http://www.xxx.com/index.jsp/时,其实并不是我们浏览器真正访问到了服务器上的index.jsp文件,而是先由代理服务器去访问http://192.168.1.110:2046/index.jsp,代理服务器再将访问到的结果返回给我们的浏览器,因为是代理服务器去访问index.jsp的,所以index.jsp中通过request.getRemoteAddr()的方法获取的IP实际上是代理服务器的地址,并不是客户端的IP地址。
于是可得出获得客户端真实IP地址的方法一:
1
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
public String getIpAddr(HttpServletRequest request) {
2
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
String ip = request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for");
3
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif)
if(ip == null || ip.length() == 0) {
4
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
ip = request.getRemoteAddr();
5
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif)
}
6
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
return ip;
7
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockEnd.gif)
}
可是当我访问http://www.xxx.com/index.jsp/时,返回的IP地址始终是unknown,也并不是如上所示的127.0.0.1 或 192.168.1.110了,而我访问http://192.168.1.110:2046/index.jsp时,则能返回客户端的真实IP地址,写了个方法去验证。
1
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
<%@ page import="java.util.*" %>
2
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
<table border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=center>
3
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
<tr>
4
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
<th>Name</th>
5
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
<th>Value</th>
6
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
</tr>
7
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
<%
8
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
Enumeration enumNames;
9
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
String strName,strValue;
10
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
11
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
enumNames = request.getHeaderNames();
12
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
while(enumNames.hasMoreElements()){
13
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
strName = (String)enumNames.nextElement();
14
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
strValue = request.getHeader(strName);
15
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockEnd.gif)
%>
16
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
<tr>
17
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
<td><%=strName%></td>
18
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
<td><%=strValue%></td>
19
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
</tr>
20
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
<%
21
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockEnd.gif)
}
22
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
%>
23
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
<tr>
24
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
</table>
25
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
出来的结果:X-Forwarded-For: unknown 。X-Forwarded-For确实存在,但其值却为unknown,继续找原因。上网搜了搜,原因出在了Squid上。
squid.conf 的配制文件 forwarded_for 项默认是为on,如果 forwarded_for 设成了 off 则:
X-Forwarded-For: unknown
一查,发现forwarded_for 项设为了off,原因找到了,把forwarded_for 项设为了on,重启后,访问http://www.xxx.com/index.jsp/ 获得的IP是客户端的真实IP。
于是可得出获得客户端真实IP地址的方法二:
1
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
public String getIpAddr(HttpServletRequest request) {
2
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
String ip = request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for");
3
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif)
if(ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
4
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
ip = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP");
5
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif)
}
6
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif)
if(ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
7
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
ip = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP");
8
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif)
}
9
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif)
if(ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
10
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
ip = request.getRemoteAddr();
11
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif)
}
12
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
return ip;
13
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockEnd.gif)
}
14
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
可是,如果通过了多级反向代理的话,X-Forwarded-For的值并不止一个,而是一串Ip值,究竟哪个才是真正的用户端的真实IP呢?
答案是取X-Forwarded-For中第一个非unknown的有效IP字符串。
如:
X-Forwarded-For:192.168.1.110, 192.168.1.120, 192.168.1.130, 192.168.1.100
用户真实IP为: 192.168.1.110
这段时间在做IP统计的程序设计,由于服务器作了集群,使用了反向代理软件,将http://192.168.1.110:2046/的URL反向代理为http://www.xxx.com/的URL时,用request.getRemoteAddr()方法获取的IP地址是:127.0.0.1 或 192.168.1.110,而并不是客户端的真实IP。这是什么原因呢?
这是反向代理的原因。经过代理以后,由于在客户端和服务之间增加了中间层,因此服务器无法直接拿到客户端的IP,服务器端应用也无法直接通过转发请求的地址返回给客户端。但是在转发请求的HTTP头信息中,增加了X-FORWARDED-FOR信息。用以跟踪原有的客户端IP地址和原来客户端请求的服务器地址。当我们访问http://www.xxx.com/index.jsp/时,其实并不是我们浏览器真正访问到了服务器上的index.jsp文件,而是先由代理服务器去访问http://192.168.1.110:2046/index.jsp,代理服务器再将访问到的结果返回给我们的浏览器,因为是代理服务器去访问index.jsp的,所以index.jsp中通过request.getRemoteAddr()的方法获取的IP实际上是代理服务器的地址,并不是客户端的IP地址。
于是可得出获得客户端真实IP地址的方法一:
1
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
public String getIpAddr(HttpServletRequest request) {
2
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
String ip = request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for");
3
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif)
if(ip == null || ip.length() == 0) {
4
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
ip = request.getRemoteAddr();
5
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif)
}
6
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
return ip;
7
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockEnd.gif)
}
可是当我访问http://www.xxx.com/index.jsp/时,返回的IP地址始终是unknown,也并不是如上所示的127.0.0.1 或 192.168.1.110了,而我访问http://192.168.1.110:2046/index.jsp时,则能返回客户端的真实IP地址,写了个方法去验证。
1
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
<%@ page import="java.util.*" %>
2
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
<table border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=center>
3
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
<tr>
4
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
<th>Name</th>
5
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
<th>Value</th>
6
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
</tr>
7
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
<%
8
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
Enumeration enumNames;
9
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
String strName,strValue;
10
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
11
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
enumNames = request.getHeaderNames();
12
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
while(enumNames.hasMoreElements()){
13
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
strName = (String)enumNames.nextElement();
14
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
strValue = request.getHeader(strName);
15
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockEnd.gif)
%>
16
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
<tr>
17
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
<td><%=strName%></td>
18
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
<td><%=strValue%></td>
19
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
</tr>
20
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
<%
21
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockEnd.gif)
}
22
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
%>
23
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
<tr>
24
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
</table>
25
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
出来的结果:X-Forwarded-For: unknown 。X-Forwarded-For确实存在,但其值却为unknown,继续找原因。上网搜了搜,原因出在了Squid上。
squid.conf 的配制文件 forwarded_for 项默认是为on,如果 forwarded_for 设成了 off 则:
X-Forwarded-For: unknown
一查,发现forwarded_for 项设为了off,原因找到了,把forwarded_for 项设为了on,重启后,访问http://www.xxx.com/index.jsp/ 获得的IP是客户端的真实IP。
于是可得出获得客户端真实IP地址的方法二:
1
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
public String getIpAddr(HttpServletRequest request) {
2
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
String ip = request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for");
3
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif)
if(ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
4
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
ip = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP");
5
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif)
}
6
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif)
if(ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
7
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
ip = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP");
8
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif)
}
9
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif)
if(ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
10
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
ip = request.getRemoteAddr();
11
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif)
}
12
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
return ip;
13
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockEnd.gif)
}
14
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
可是,如果通过了多级反向代理的话,X-Forwarded-For的值并不止一个,而是一串Ip值,究竟哪个才是真正的用户端的真实IP呢?
答案是取X-Forwarded-For中第一个非unknown的有效IP字符串。
如:
X-Forwarded-For:192.168.1.110, 192.168.1.120, 192.168.1.130, 192.168.1.100
用户真实IP为: 192.168.1.110
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