linux 下加挂硬盘的具体做法

linux 下加挂硬盘的具体做法 实验环境 VMware 6.5 +redhat Enterprise linux 5 大致可分这么个步骤 1 ：先加挂一块硬盘 2 ：创建分区 3 ：格式化硬盘 4 ：设置卷标 5 ：创建挂载点 6 ：挂载 （自动，手动） 挂硬盘就不说了， 创建分区 [root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb sda是第一块SCSI硬盘，sdb第二块，以此类推...物理分区使用a、b编号，每个物理硬盘最多有四个主逻辑分区（或扩展分区），所以自动分区中，扩展分区sda2下第一个逻辑分区编号从5开始 Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable. Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite) Command (m for help): 这里按m获得帮助 Command (m for help): m Command action a toggle a bootable flag b edit bsd disklabel c toggle the dos compatibility flag d delete a partition l list known partition types m print this menu n add a new partition o create a new empty DOS partition table p print the partition table q quit without saving changes s create a new empty Sun disklabel t change a partition's system id u change display/entry units v verify the partition table w write table to disk and exit x extra functionality (experts only) 输入 p 显示硬盘分割情形。 输入 a 设定硬盘启动区。 输入 n 设定新的硬盘分割区。 输入 e 硬盘为[延伸]分割区(extend)。 输入 p 硬盘为[主要]分割区(primary)。 输入 t 改变硬盘分割区属性。 输入 d 删除硬盘分割区属性。 输入 q 结束不存入硬盘分割区属性。 输入 w 结束并写入硬盘分割区属性 Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdb: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 522 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System （我挂了个4G的硬盘） Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) 输入p p Partition number (1-4): 分区号 输入1 Partition number (1-4): 1 First cylinder (1-522, default 1): 第几个柱面我们从1开始 First cylinder (1-522, default 1): 1 Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-522, default 522): +4000M 这里我们按大小输入 即+4000M (注意这个M为大写) Command (m for help): P Disk /dev/sdb: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 522 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 487 3911796 83 Linux 输入p Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks. [root@localhost ~]# 输入w保存退出 下一步 格式化 [root@localhost ~]# mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdb1 mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) 489600 inodes, 977949 blocks 48897 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=1002438656 30 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 16320 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736 Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (16384 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done This filesystem will be automatically checked every 33 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override. [root@localhost ~]# 输入mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdb1 下一步设置卷标 [root@localhost ~]# e2label /dev/sdb1 /test 这里/test 就是在根下起了个名字， 下一步创建挂载点 [root@localhost ~]# mkdir /test 下一步 设置开机自动挂载 [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/fstab

修改这个文件为

LABEL=/test /test ext3 defaults 1 2 也就是加了这么一句 保存退出 下一步重启 [root@localhost ~]# reboot

能进系统说明挂载成功，要是进不了系统，那就是挂载失败 [root@localhost /]# df Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/sda2 6092388 1990056 3787860 35% / /dev/sda3 988116 17700 919412 2% /home /dev/sda1 46633 10277 33948 24% /boot tmpfs 517660 0 517660 0% /dev/shm /dev/sdb1 3850292 73248 3581456 3% /test [root@localhost /]# 统计一下分区使用情况，ok 实验成功