通过100个单词掌握英语语法(三)am/is/are

am/is/are
(1)实义动词(也叫主要动词或词汇动词),连接两个概念:Emma is a
teacher. The eggs are in the fridge.
(2)助动词: I'm doing my homework. Coffee is produced in Colombia.
注意：动词be在现在时里的各种形式
单数 复数
第一人称 I am(I'm) We are(We're)
第二人称 you are(you're)
第三人称 he is(he's)
she is (she's) they are(they're)
it is(it's)

语法结构
(主要动词)
1 名词短语 | + am/is/are | + 名词短语/形容词/介词/副词
Warsaw is the capital of Poland.
Are you well?
I'm in the shower.
The neighbour's lights aren't on.
给出有关主语的更多信息,如人物、事件、地点、时间或方式

(助动词)
2 名词短语 | + am/is/are | + -ing
Kate is watching TV.
The nights are getting colder,aren't they?
Whenever we go to Bilbao it is raining.
谈论目前正在进行的事情--可以是现在，或者这一段时间，也可以是非常
泛泛地谈论。(这种结构叫做现在进行时。)
I am flying to Athens next week.
When are you seeing Aurelio?
谈论将来的安排.

3 名词短语 | + am/is/are | + 带to的不定式
Talks are to begin next week in Washington.
谈论将来安排的一种比较正式的说法、强调其确定性。

4 名词短语 | + am/is/are | + 过去分词
Where is Catalan spoken?
Towels are not provided.
I'm often asked that question.
谈论现在发生的事情，且无需提及施动者。(这种结构叫做一般现在时的
被动语态。)

搭配
口语中最常用于语法结构4(被动语态)的一些动词有：do,make,call,put,give,take,use和tell。
The laundry is done on Fridays.
What is a cash-dispenser called in French?

技术和学术性文章中最常用于被动语态(包括所有时态)的一些动词有:make,give,use,find,
see,take,do,call和say。
Most light switches are made from white plastic.
A Petri dish is used for cultivating bacteria.

最常用于语法结构4(被动语态)的副词有:now,also,well,still,actually和often。
Rhodesia is now called Zimbabwe.
Alligators are also found in China.
The kitchen sink is still blocked.

固定短语

'are you (still) there ?' 你在听吗?
...and so I was saying to Brenda ... Are you there?
~Yes,yes,I'm listening.Go on.
打电话时的用语.

'Where are you ?' 你在哪?
Hi. ~Where are you ? ~ I'm on the train.
手机通话时常常问起的问题.

'Where are you from ?' 你是哪里人?
Where are you from ? ~ Well,I was born in England,but I grew up in Australlia.
询问某人的国籍或家乡.

'What's it called in Spanish/English/Chinese etc.?' 西班牙语/英语/汉语等怎么说
What's an artichoke called in Spanish? ~Una alcachofa.
要求翻译.