C# 实现复杂对象的序列化与反序列化[收藏此页] [打印]【IT168知识库】

C# 实现复杂对象的序列化与反序列化

[收藏此页] [打印]

【IT168知识库】

（注：本篇文章是本人根据msdn，各位同行的心得再加上自己对序列化的一些想法汇集而成，如有不当，还请指教）

序列化是将对象转换为容易传输的格式的过程。例如，可以序列化一个对象，然后使用 HTTP 通过 Internet 在客户端和服务器之间传输该对象。反之，反序列化根据流重新构造对象。这里主要介绍两种序列的方法:一是XML 序列化,二是Binary序列化。

１. XML序列

XML 序列化仅将对象的公共字段和属性值序列化为 XML 流。XML 序列化不包括类型信息。例如，如果 Library 命名空间中有一个 Book 对象，将不能保证它会被反序列化为同一类型的对象。XML 序列化不转换方法、索引器、私有字段或只读属性（只读集合除外）。要序列化对象的所有字段和属性（公共的和私有的），请使用 BinaryFormatter，而不要使用 XML 序列化．XML 序列化中最主要的类是 XmlSerializer 类，它的最重要的方法是 Serialize 和 Deserialize 方法。我们可以利用它提供这两个方法实现对象的序列与反序列．下面我提供我自己编写的code,主要是用xmlserialize来实现对象的序列与反序列，代码如下：
　　　
首先，声明两个用来序列的对象，一个用户设置对象和一个图层参数对象，用户设置对象包括了用户信息和一个图层列表：

1



/**//// <summary>
2

/// 图层参数
3

/// </summary>
4

[Serializable]
5

public class LayerPara
6





{
7

public int ID;
8

public string MC; // 中文名称
9

public string Layer; // 数据集名称
10

public short GBCode; // 分类码
11

public short GeoType; // 图层对应的几何类型, 11表示点图层，12表示线图层
12

public int MinScale; // 显示的最小比例尺
13

}
14

[Serializable]
15

public class UserSetting
16





{
17

public string strUserName = "kandy";
18

public string strUserPwd = "123456789";
19

public List<LayerPara> userLayerParas;
20

}
21


　然后，声明一个进行序列与反序列的类，其中WriteDataToFile实现将文件写如本地指定的路径，ReadDataFormFile方法实现将文件从磁盘中读取：


class Serialize






{




public List<UserSetting> m_LayerParamsList;


public UserSetting userSetting;


public Serialize()






{


this.ResetLayersInfo();


this.WriteDataToFile(userSetting);


}




private void ResetLayersInfo()






{


m_LayerParamsList = new List<UserSetting>();




userSetting = new UserSetting();


userSetting.userLayerParas = new List<LayerPara>();






LayerPara layerPara = new LayerPara();


layerPara.ID = 100;


layerPara.MC = "管点";


layerPara.Layer = "gd";


layerPara.GBCode = 4;


layerPara.GeoType = 5;


layerPara.MinScale = 100;




userSetting.userLayerParas.Add(layerPara);




layerPara.ID = 200;


layerPara.MC = "管线";


layerPara.Layer = "gx";


layerPara.GBCode = 5;


layerPara.GeoType = 6;


layerPara.MinScale = 100;




userSetting.userLayerParas.Add(layerPara);




}




private void WriteDataToFile(UserSetting tempUserSetting)






{


if (tempUserSetting != null)






{


try






{


string strSaveToPath = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory;


strSaveToPath = strSaveToPath + "UserLayerSetting.xml";


Stream stream = new FileStream(strSaveToPath, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.ReadWrite);


XmlSerializer xmlFormatter = new XmlSerializer(typeof(UserSetting));


xmlFormatter.Serialize(stream, tempUserSetting);


stream.Close();




Console.WriteLine(" serialize is finished!");


}


catch (InvalidOperationException e)






{


Console.WriteLine(e.Message);


}


}


}




public UserSetting ReadDataFormFile()






{


UserSetting setting = new UserSetting();


string strSaveToPath = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory;


strSaveToPath = strSaveToPath + "UserLayerSetting.xml";




bool isExist = this.IsExsitFileInAppPath(strSaveToPath);


if (isExist)






{


Stream stream = new FileStream(strSaveToPath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.ReadWrite);


XmlSerializer formatter = new XmlSerializer(typeof(UserSetting));


try






{


setting = (UserSetting)formatter.Deserialize(stream);


Console.WriteLine(setting.strUserName);


Console.WriteLine(setting.strUserPwd);


foreach(LayerPara lp in setting.userLayerParas)






{


Console.WriteLine(lp.ID.ToString());


Console.WriteLine(lp.MC);


Console.WriteLine(lp.Layer);


Console.WriteLine(lp.GBCode.ToString());


Console.WriteLine(lp.GeoType.ToString());


Console.WriteLine(lp.MinScale);


Console.WriteLine("/n");


}


}


catch (SerializationException e)






{


Console.WriteLine(e.Message);


}


}


else


Console.WriteLine("File is not Exist!");




return setting;


}




private bool IsExsitFileInAppPath(string strTempPath)






{


bool bExsit = false;


bExsit = File.Exists(strTempPath);


return bExsit;


}




}



现在我们就可以在Main()方法中进行调用了，下面是一个进行测试的类，包含了主程序的Main()方法：


public class Testing






{


public static void Main()






{


Console.WriteLine("Serialize is beginning");




Serialize serialize = new Serialize();


serialize.ReadDataFormFile();


Console.WriteLine("Read have finished!");


Console.Read();




}


}



２.Binary序列
这里主要谈的是BinaryFormatter，它位于System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary名字空间下，以二进制格式将对象或整个连接对象图形序列化和反序列化。个人认为BinaryFormatter比第一种方法更好用，它同样也有Serialize和DeSerialize方法，具体代码我就贴序列与反序列的代码了，其原理与过程都大致相同，下面是序列与反序列的代码：


private void SaveLayerToAppPath(List<LayerPara> tempLayerParas)






{


if (tempLayerParas != null)






{


string strSaveToPath=AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory;


strSaveToPath=strSaveToPath+"layer.dat";


Stream stream = new FileStream(strSaveToPath, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.None);


IFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter();


formatter.Serialize(stream, tempLayerParas);


stream.Close();




Console.WriteLine(" serialize is success!");


}


}




public List<LayerPara> ReadDataFormFile()






{


List<LayerPara> tempLayerPara = new List<LayerPara>();




string strSaveToPath = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory;


strSaveToPath = strSaveToPath + "layer.dat";




bool isExist = this.IsExsitFileInAppPath(strSaveToPath);


if (isExist)






{


Stream stream = new FileStream(strSaveToPath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.None);


BinaryFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter();




try






{


tempLayerPara = (List<LayerPara>)formatter.Deserialize(stream);


foreach (LayerPara lp in tempLayerPara)






{


Console.WriteLine(lp.ID.ToString());


Console.WriteLine(lp.MC);


Console.WriteLine(lp.Layer);


Console.WriteLine(lp.GBCode.ToString());


Console.WriteLine(lp.GeoType.ToString());


Console.WriteLine(lp.MinScale);


}


}


catch (SerializationException e)






{


Console.WriteLine(e.Message);


}


}


else


Console.WriteLine("File is not Exist!");




return tempLayerPara;


}
总结：主要是根据的实际项目需要了，看你适合哪种方法．