Windows获取本地机器的全部网络配置信息

Q:

WINSOCK库的GetAddressByName 和gethostbyname 返回的信息无法满足我的要求,我想获取更详细的信息,我要知道一切信息,至少要像ipconfig /all 命令输出那样详细, 怎么办?

A:

使用windows SDK提供的IP Helper 库吧,它可以解决你上述的所有要求,使用它,你可以获取或配置本机的TCP/IP( Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol )网络.

它甚至可以帮你发ARP包,你只需要调用SendARP ()这个函数...

Header	Declared in Iphlpapi.h.
Library	Use Iphlpapi.lib.

下面给出类似ipconfig /all的功能的示例

#include "stdafx.h"

#include <winsock2.h>

#include <ws2tcpip.h>

#include <windows.h>

#include <iphlpapi.h>

#include <comutil.h>

int IpConfigAll()

{

MIB_IPSTATS ipstats;

GetIpStatistics(&ipstats);

printf("number of interface: %d/nnumber of address: %d/n",

ipstats.dwNumIf,ipstats.dwNumAddr);

PIP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES AdapterAddresses = NULL;

ULONG OutBufferLength = 0;

ULONG RetVal = 0, i;

int j;

// The size of the buffer can be different

// between consecutive API calls.

// In most cases, i < 2 is sufficient;

// One call to get the size and one call to get the actual parameters.

// But if one more interface is added or addresses are added,

// the call again fails with BUFFER_OVERFLOW.

// So the number is picked slightly greater than 2.

// We use i <5 in the example

for (i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

RetVal =

GetAdaptersAddresses(

AF_INET,

0,

NULL,

AdapterAddresses,

&OutBufferLength);

if (RetVal != ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW) {

break;

}

if (AdapterAddresses != NULL) {

FREE(AdapterAddresses);

}

AdapterAddresses = (PIP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES)

MALLOC(OutBufferLength);

if (AdapterAddresses == NULL) {

RetVal = GetLastError();

break;

}

}

if (RetVal == NO_ERROR) {

// If successful, output some information from the data we received

PIP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES AdapterList = AdapterAddresses;

while (AdapterList) {

printf("interface(%d:%s) %d %s:/n",

AdapterList->IfType,

AdapterList->AdapterName,

AdapterAddresses->IfIndex,

(const char*)_bstr_t(AdapterList->FriendlyName));

printf("/tDescription: %ws/n", AdapterList->Description);

printf("/tDhcp Enabled: %s/n", AdapterList->Dhcpv4Enabled?"Yes":"No");

printf("/tOperStatus : %s/n", (AdapterList->OperStatus==IfOperStatusUp)?"Up":"Down");

printf("/tDnsSuffix: %ws/n", AdapterList->DnsSuffix?AdapterList->DnsSuffix:L"No");

printf("/tUnicastAddress Address:/n");

for(PIP_ADAPTER_UNICAST_ADDRESS_LH paddr = AdapterList->FirstUnicastAddress;

paddr!=NULL;paddr=paddr->Next)

{

printf("/t : %s/n",

inet_ntoa( ((SOCKADDR_IN *)paddr->Address.lpSockaddr)->sin_addr));

}

printf("/tAnycastAddress Address:/n");

for(PIP_ADAPTER_ANYCAST_ADDRESS_XP paddr = AdapterList->FirstAnycastAddress;

paddr!=NULL;paddr=paddr->Next)

{

printf("/t : %s/n",

inet_ntoa( ((SOCKADDR_IN *)paddr->Address.lpSockaddr)->sin_addr));

}

printf("/tMulticast Address:/n");

for(PIP_ADAPTER_MULTICAST_ADDRESS_XP paddr = AdapterList->FirstMulticastAddress;

paddr!=NULL;paddr=paddr->Next)

{

printf("/t : %s/n",

inet_ntoa( ((SOCKADDR_IN *)paddr->Address.lpSockaddr)->sin_addr));

}

printf("/tDMS server Address:/n");

for(PIP_ADAPTER_DNS_SERVER_ADDRESS_XP paddr = AdapterList->FirstDnsServerAddress;

paddr!=NULL;paddr=paddr->Next)

{

printf("/t : %s/n",

inet_ntoa( ((SOCKADDR_IN *)paddr->Address.lpSockaddr)->sin_addr));

}

//AdapterList->FirstGatewayAddress only support at vista.

//

//Get default gate way from regkey.

//

//HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Services/Tcpip/Parameters/Interfaces

HKEY hk=NULL;

WCHAR szSubKey[260] = L"SYSTEM//CurrentControlSet//Services//Tcpip//Parameters//Interfaces//";

wcscat(szSubKey,_bstr_t(AdapterList->AdapterName));

RegOpenKey(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,szSubKey,&hk);

WCHAR szGateWay[255]=L"";

DWORD dwlen=255;

DWORD lpType =REG_SZ;

RegQueryValueEx(hk,L"DefaultGateway",NULL,&lpType,(LPBYTE)szGateWay,&dwlen);

RegCloseKey(hk);

printf("/tDMS default gateway:/n");

printf("/t : %s/n", (const char*)_bstr_t(szGateWay));

AdapterList = AdapterList->Next;

}

}

else

{

LPVOID MsgBuf;

printf("Call to GetAdaptersAddresses failed./n");

if (FormatMessage(

FORMAT_MESSAGE_ALLOCATE_BUFFER |

FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM |

FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS,

NULL,

RetVal,

MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_DEFAULT), // Default language

(LPTSTR) &MsgBuf,

0,

NULL )) {

printf("/tError: %s", MsgBuf);

}

LocalFree(MsgBuf);

}

if (AdapterAddresses != NULL) {

FREE(AdapterAddresses);

}

//GetNetworkParams(x,x);

//

//TODO:

// Declare and initialize variables.

//

DWORD dwSize = 0;

DWORD dwRetVal = 0;

//GetIpForwardTable

//

//

dwSize = sizeof(MIB_IPFORWARDTABLE)*(ipstats.dwNumRoutes+ipstats.dwNumIf);

PMIB_IPFORWARDTABLE pIpForwardTable = (PMIB_IPFORWARDTABLE )MALLOC(dwSize);

if(GetIpForwardTable(pIpForwardTable,&dwSize,FALSE))

{

printf("GetIpForwardTable failed /n");

FREE(pIpForwardTable);

return 1;

}

for(i=0;i<pIpForwardTable->dwNumEntries;i++)

{

IN_ADDR inaddr;

inaddr.S_un.S_addr= pIpForwardTable->table[i].dwForwardDest;

printf("%X %s/n", pIpForwardTable->table[i].dwForwardIfIndex,

inet_ntoa(inaddr));

}

FREE(pIpForwardTable);

/* variables used for GetIfTable and GetIfEntry */

MIB_IFTABLE *pIfTable;

MIB_IFROW *pIfRow;

// Allocate memory for our pointers.

pIfTable = (MIB_IFTABLE *) MALLOC(sizeof (MIB_IFTABLE));

if (pIfTable == NULL) {

printf("Error allocating memory needed to call GetIfTable/n");

return 1;

}

// Make an initial call to GetIfTable to get the

// necessary size into dwSize

dwSize = sizeof (MIB_IFTABLE);

if (GetIfTable(pIfTable, &dwSize, FALSE) == ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER) {

FREE(pIfTable);

pIfTable = (MIB_IFTABLE *) MALLOC(dwSize);

if (pIfTable == NULL) {

printf("Error allocating memory needed to call GetIfTable/n");

return 1;

}

}

// Make a second call to GetIfTable to get the actual

// data we want.

if ((dwRetVal = GetIfTable(pIfTable, &dwSize, FALSE)) == NO_ERROR) {

printf("/tNum Entries: %ld/n/n", pIfTable->dwNumEntries);

for (i = 0; i < (int) pIfTable->dwNumEntries; i++) {

pIfRow = (MIB_IFROW *) & pIfTable->table[i];

printf("/tIndex[%d]:/t %ld/n", i, pIfRow->dwIndex);

printf("/tInterfaceName[%d]:/t %ws", i, pIfRow->wszName);

printf("/n");

printf("/tDescription[%d]:/t ", i);

for (j = 0; j < (int) pIfRow->dwDescrLen; j++)

printf("%c", pIfRow->bDescr[j]);

printf("/n");

printf("/tType[%d]:/t ", i);

switch (pIfRow->dwType) {

case IF_TYPE_OTHER:

printf("Other/n");

break;

case IF_TYPE_ETHERNET_CSMACD:

printf("Ethernet/n");

break;

case IF_TYPE_ISO88025_TOKENRING:

printf("Token Ring/n");

break;

case IF_TYPE_PPP:

printf("PPP/n");

break;

case IF_TYPE_SOFTWARE_LOOPBACK:

printf("Software Lookback/n");

break;

case IF_TYPE_ATM:

printf("ATM/n");

break;

case IF_TYPE_IEEE80211:

printf("IEEE 802.11 Wireless/n");

break;

case IF_TYPE_TUNNEL:

printf("Tunnel type encapsulation/n");

break;

case IF_TYPE_IEEE1394:

printf("IEEE 1394 Firewire/n");

break;

default:

printf("Unknown type %ld/n", pIfRow->dwType);

break;

}

printf("/tMtu[%d]:/t/t %ld/n", i, pIfRow->dwMtu);

printf("/tSpeed[%d]:/t %ld/n", i, pIfRow->dwSpeed);

printf("/tPhysical Addr:/t ");

if (pIfRow->dwPhysAddrLen == 0)

printf("/n");

for (j = 0; j < (int) pIfRow->dwPhysAddrLen; j++) {

if (j == (pIfRow->dwPhysAddrLen - 1))

printf("%.2X/n", (int) pIfRow->bPhysAddr[j]);

else

printf("%.2X-", (int) pIfRow->bPhysAddr[j]);

}

printf("/tAdmin Status[%d]:/t %ld/n", i, pIfRow->dwAdminStatus);

printf("/tOper Status[%d]:/t ", i);

switch (pIfRow->dwOperStatus) {

case IF_OPER_STATUS_NON_OPERATIONAL:

printf("Non Operational/n");

break;

case IF_OPER_STATUS_UNREACHABLE:

printf("Unreasonable/n");

break;

case IF_OPER_STATUS_DISCONNECTED:

printf("Disconnected/n");

break;

case IF_OPER_STATUS_CONNECTING:

printf("Connecting/n");

break;

case IF_OPER_STATUS_CONNECTED:

printf("Connected/n");

break;

case IF_OPER_STATUS_OPERATIONAL:

printf("Operational/n");

break;

default:

printf("Unknown status %ld/n", pIfRow->dwAdminStatus);

break;

}

printf("/n");

}

} else {

printf("GetIfTable failed with error: /n", dwRetVal);

if (pIfTable != NULL) {

FREE(pIfTable);

pIfTable = NULL;

}

return 1;

// Here you can use FormatMessage to find out why

// it failed.

}

if (pIfTable != NULL) {

FREE(pIfTable);

pIfTable = NULL;

}

//GetInterfaceInfo

//

//TODO:

return 0;

}

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])

{

IpConfigAll();

return 0;

}