hql查询语句

1.from子句


from Person


表明从Person持久化类中选出全部的实例。


推荐：from Person as p





2.select子句


select p.name from Person as p


select p.name.firstName from Person as p


select new list(p.name, p.address) from Person as p


select new ClassTest(p.name, p.address) from Person as p (有前提)


select p.name as personName from Person as p


select new map(p.name as personName) from Person as p (与new map()结合更普遍)





3.统计函数查询:

1: count() 统计记录的条数
2: min() 求最小值
3: max() 求最大值
4: sum() 求和
4: avg() 求平均值

//取得Student的数量
Query query=session.createQuery("select count(*) from Student")

//avg()取得Student平均年龄
Query query=session.createQuery("select avg(s.age) from Student as s")

//upper()方法将字符串转为大写
Query query=session.createQuery("select upper(s.name) from Student as s")

//去除重复行distinct
Query query=session.createQuery("select distinct s.age from Student as s")


select count(*) from Person


select max(p.age) from Person as p


select p.name || "" || p.address from Person as p





4.多态查询


from Person as p


from java.lang.Object o


from Named as n





5.where子句


from Person where name like "tom%"


from Person as p where p.name like "tom%"


from Cat cat where cat.mate.name like "kit%"


select * from cat_table as table1 cat_table as table2 where table1.mate =


table2.id and table1.name like "kit%"


from Foo foo where foo.bar.baz.customer.address.city like "fuzhou%"


from Cat cat, Cat rival where cat.mate = rival.mate


select cat, mate


from Cat cat, Cat mate


where cat.mate = mate


from Cat as cat where cat.id = 123


from Cat as cat where cat.mate.id = 69


from Person as person


where person.id.country = 'AU'


and person.id.medicareNumber = 123456


from Account as account


where account.owner.id.country = 'AU'


and account.owner.id.medicareNumber = 123456


from Cat cat where cat.class = DomesticCat


from Account as a where a.person.name.firstName like "dd%" // 正确


from Account as a where a.person.name like "dd%" // 错误




6.表达式


=, <>, >, <, >=, <=, between, not between, in, not in, is, like等。

from DomesticCat cat where cat.name between 'A' and 'B'


from DomesticCat cat where cat.name in ('Foo', 'Bar', 'Baz')


from DomesticCat cat where cat.name not between 'A' and 'B'


from DomesticCat cat where cat.name not in ('Foo', 'Bar', 'Baz')


from DomesticCat cat where cat.name is null


from Person as p where p.address is not null


true 1, false 0


from Cat cat where cat.alive = true


from Cat cat where cat.kittens.size > 0


from Cat cat where size(cat.kittens) > 0


from Calendar cal where maxelement(cal.holidays) > current date


from Order order where maxindex(order.items) > 100


from Order order where minelement(order.items) > 10000


//操作集合元素


select mother from Cat as mother, Cat as kit


where kit in elements(foo.kittens)


//p的name属性等于集合中某个元素的name属性


select p from NameList list, Person p


where p.name = some elements(list.names)


//操作集合元素


from Cat cat where exists elements(cat.kittens)


from Player p where 3 > all elements(p.scores)


from Show show where 'fizard' in indices(show.acts)


//items是有序集合属性，items[0]代表第一个元素


from Order order where order.items[0].id = 1234


//holidays是map集合属性，holidays[national day]是代表其中第一个元素


select person from Person person, Calendar calendar


where calendar.holidays['national day'] = person.birthDay


and person.nationality.calendar = calendar


//下面同时使用list集合和map集合属性


select item from Item item, Order order


where order.items[order.deliveredItemIndices[0]] = item and order.id = 11


select item from Item item, Order order


where order.items[maxindex(order.items)] = item and order.id = 11




select item from Item item, Order order


where order.items[size(order.items) - 1] = item




select cust


from Product prod,


Store store


inner join store.customers cust


where prod.name = 'widget'


and store.location.name in ['Melbourne', 'Sydney']


and prod = all elements(cust.currentOrder.lineItems)




SELECT cust.name, cust.address, cust.phone, cust.id, cust.current_order


FROM customers cust,


stores store,


locations loc,


store_customers sc,


product prod


WHERE prod.name = 'widget'


AND store.loc_id = loc.id


AND loc.name IN ('Melbourne', 'Sydney')


AND sc.store_id = store.id


AND sc.cust_id = cust.id


AND prod.id = ALL(


SELECT item.prod_id


FROM line_items item, orders o


WHERE item.order_id = o.id


AND cust.current_order = o.id


)

like语句：

String hql = "from Users u where u.userName=? and u.userPass=? and u.userInfo like ?";
Object param[] = { userName, password, '%'+info+'%' };





7.order by子句


from Person as p


order by p.name, p.age


from Person as p


order by p.name asc, p.age desc




8.group by子句


select cat.color, sum(cat.weight), count(cat)


from Cat cat


group by cat.color


//select后出现的id处出现在group by之后，而name属性则出现在聚集函数中


select foo.id, avg(name), max(name)


from Foo foo join foo.names name


group by foo.id




select cat.color, sum(cat.weight), count(cat)


from Cat cat


group by cat.color


having cat.color in (eg.Color.TABBY, eg.Color.BLACK)




select cat


from Cat cat


join cat.kittens kitten


group by cat


having avg(kitten.weight) > 100


order by count(kitten) asc, sum(kitten.weight) desc





9.子查询:

all 表示所有记录
any 便是所有记录中的任意一条
somy 与any用法一样
in 等价于any
exists 表示子查询至少要返回一条数据

all:
from Team t where 22<all(select s.age from Student s)
from Team t where all(select s.age from t.student s)>22


from Cat as fatcat


where fatcat.weight > (select avg(cat.weight) from DomesticCat cat)




from Cat as cat


where not (cat.name, cat.color) in (


select cat.name, cat.color from DomesticCat cat


)





10.fetch关键字


from Person as p join p.scores




from Document fetch all properties order by name


from Document doc fetch all properties where lower(doc.name) like '%cat%'

11.查询链接:
与SQL查询一样,hql也支持连接查询,如内连接,外连接和交叉连接.支持的链接类型是从ANSI SQL中借鉴来的.
1: inner jion (内连接)
2: left outer join (左外连接)
3: right outer join(右外连接)
4: full join(全连接--不常用)
inner jion 可以简写为join.
正常情况下必须要建关联。