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一步一步学Silverlight 2系列(13):数据与通信之WebRequest

2008-05-11 20:32 567 查看

概述

Silverlight 2 Beta 1版本发布了,无论从Runtime还是Tools都给我们带来了很多的惊喜,如支持框架语言Visual Basic, Visual C#, IronRuby, Ironpython,对JSON、Web Service、WCF以及Sockets的支持等一系列新的特性。《一步一步学Silverlight 2系列》文章带您快速进入Silverlight 2开发。

本文将简单介绍在Silverlight 2中如何使用WebRequest进行数据的提交和获取。

简单示例

在本文中,我们仍然使用在一步一步学Silverlight 2系列(12):数据与通信之WebClient中用过的示例,只不过稍微做一点小的改动,使用WebRequest提交书籍编号数据,并根据书籍号返回价格信息。最终运行的结果如下图:





编写界面布局,XAML如下:

<Grid Background="#46461F">
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="40"></RowDefinition>
<RowDefinition Height="*"></RowDefinition>
<RowDefinition Height="40"></RowDefinition>
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition></ColumnDefinition>
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<Border Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="0" CornerRadius="15"
Width="240" Height="36"
Margin="20 0 0 0" HorizontalAlignment="Left">
<TextBlock Text="书籍列表" Foreground="White"
HorizontalAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Center"
Margin="20 0 0 0"></TextBlock>
</Border>
<ListBox x:Name="Books" Grid.Row="1" Margin="40 10 10 10"
SelectionChanged="Books_SelectionChanged">
<ListBox.ItemTemplate>
<DataTemplate>
<StackPanel>
<TextBlock Text="{Binding Name}" Height="32"></TextBlock>
</StackPanel>
</DataTemplate>
</ListBox.ItemTemplate>
</ListBox>
<Border Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="0" CornerRadius="15"
Width="240" Height="36" Background="Orange"
Margin="20 0 0 0" HorizontalAlignment="Left">
<TextBlock x:Name="lblPrice" Text="价格:" Foreground="White"
HorizontalAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Center"
Margin="20 0 0 0"></TextBlock>
</Border>
</Grid>

编写HttpHandler,注意我使用了context.Request.Form["No"],在后面我们将使用WebRequest在RequestReady方法中将数据写入请求流:
public class BookHandler : IHttpHandler
{
public static readonly string[] PriceList = new string[] {
"66.00",
"78.30",
"56.50",
"28.80",
"77.00"
};
public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context)
{
context.Response.ContentType = "text/plain";
context.Response.Write(PriceList[Int32.Parse(context.Request.Form["No"])]);
}

public bool IsReusable
{
get
{
return false;
}
}
}


在界面加载时绑定书籍列表,关于数据绑定可以参考一步一步学Silverlight 2系列(11):数据绑定

private void UserControl_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
List<Book> books = new List<Book>() {
new Book("Professional ASP.NET 3.5"),
new Book("ASP.NET AJAX In Action"),
new Book("Silverlight In Action"),
new Book("ASP.NET 3.5 Unleashed"),
new Book("Introducing Microsoft ASP.NET AJAX")
};

Books.ItemsSource = books;
}

接下来在SelectionChanged事件中实现用户选择书籍时,我们使用WebRequest提交书籍编号,并且获得价格数据,仍然采用异步模式,提供RequestReady和ResponseReady两个回调函数:

private string bookNo;

void Books_SelectionChanged(object sender, SelectionChangedEventArgs e)
{
bookNo = Books.SelectedIndex.ToString();

Uri endpoint = new Uri("http://localhost:49955/BookHandler.ashx");

WebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(endpoint);
request.Method = "POST";
request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
request.BeginGetRequestStream(new AsyncCallback(RequestReady), request);
request.BeginGetResponse(new AsyncCallback(ResponseReady), request);
}


实现RequestReady方法,将书籍的编号写入请求流中。

void RequestReady(IAsyncResult asyncResult)
{
WebRequest request = asyncResult.AsyncState as WebRequest;
Stream requestStream = request.EndGetRequestStream(asyncResult);

using (StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(requestStream))
{
writer.Write(String.Format("No={0}", bookNo));
writer.Flush();
}
}


实现ResponseReady方法,显示返回的结果。

void ResponseReady(IAsyncResult asyncResult)
{
WebRequest request = asyncResult.AsyncState as WebRequest;
WebResponse response = request.EndGetResponse(asyncResult);

using (Stream responseStream = response.GetResponseStream())
{
StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(responseStream);
lblPrice.Text = "价格:" + reader.ReadToEnd();
}
}


最后运行的结果如下:





用户选择一本书籍后,将显示其价格:





结束语

本文简单介绍了在Silverlight 2中如何使用WebRequest提交和获取数据,你可以从这里下载示例程序。
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