mysql数据同步设置
2008-04-27 22:06
483 查看
使用的mysql版本：mysql4.0.X
master: 192.168.1.102
slave: 192.168.1.109
如果是win机子修改c:\winnt\my.ini 如果是linux的机子请修改 /etc/my.cnf
一、master操作
1、修改my.ini
##############
server-id=1
log-bin=c:\mysql\logs\mysql_binary_log
binlog-do-db=test
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
##############
说明
binlog-do-db=test 允许同步的数据库
binlog-ignore-db=mysql 不允许同步的数据库
2、然后重启mysql
c:\mysql\bin\mysql restart 或 /etc/init.d/mysql restart
3、在master上增加一个同步的用户名
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'backup'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
注:
如果mysql版本在4.0.2以前的版本请用
mysql> GRANT FILE ON *.* TO 'backup'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
4、接下来操作要master上要同步的数据库
mysql> USE test;
mysql> FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK; #锁定要同步的test表，然后导出数据结构
执行如下命令查看master的状态
mysql> SHOW MASTER STATUS;
得到如下结果
Code:
+----------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_do_db | Binlog_ignore_db |
+----------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql_binary_log.025 | 796947 | test | mysql |
+----------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
接下来备份要同步数据库（为导入slave作准备）
$ mysqldump --opt test > test.sql
mysql> UNLOCK TABLES; #已做好同步数据库结构导出后，解锁这个表
二、slave操作
1、把master里导出的同步数据库结构再导入slave的mysql里
mysql tes < test.sql
2、修改slave的my.ini
####################
log-bin=c:\mysql\logs\mysql_binary_log
server-id=2
master-host=192.168.1.102
master-user=backup
master-password=123456
master-connect-retry=60
replicate-do-db=test
####################
说明：
master-host=192.168.1.102 #master的IP
master-user=backup #master上作为同步用的用户名
master-password=123456 #同步用户名的密码
master-connect-retry=60 #设置同步的时间
replicate-do-db=test #需要同步的数据库
3、重新启用mysql
c:\mysql\bin\mysql restart 或 /etc/init.d/mysql restart
4、进入slave的mysql，对mysql进行操作
mysql> stop slave; #停止slave服务器
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO
-> MASTER_HOST='192.168.1.102',
-> MASTER_USER='backup',
-> MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',
-> MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql_binary_log.025',
-> MASTER_LOG_POS=796947;
mysql> START SLAVE; #开启slave服务器就可以同步了
注：
MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql_binary_log.025',
MASTER_LOG_POS=796947;
上面这两条是一开始从master上进入mysql，运行 SHOW MASTER STATUS; 查看到的,在实际操作中也可以不加的。
##############################################
在master的mysql里运行
mysql > show processlist;
看到两个 system user 就是正常的
+----+-------------+----------------+------+-------------+------+---------------
--------------------------------------------------------+------------------+
| Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State
| Info |
+----+-------------+----------------+------+-------------+------+---------------
--------------------------------------------------------+------------------+
| 1 | system user | | NULL | Connect | 4499 | Waiting for ma
ster to send event | NULL |
| 2 | system user | | NULL | Connect | 4499 | Has read all r
elay log; waiting for the I/O slave thread to update it | NULL |
| 7 | root | localhost:1309 | test | Query | 0 | NULL
| show processlist |
| 40 | backup | ETE-KF2:1354 | NULL | Binlog Dump | 513 | Has sent all b
inlog to slave; waiting for binlog to be updated | NULL |
+----+-------------+----------------+------+-------------+------+---------------
--------------------------------------------------------+------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show master status;
出现如下:
+----------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_do_db | Binlog_ignore_db |
+----------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql_binary_log.001 | 1011 | test | mysql |
+----------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
在slave的mysql里运行
mysql> show processlist;
出现如下：
+----+-------------+----------------+------+---------+------+-------------------
----------------------------------------------------+------------------+
| Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State
| Info |
+----+-------------+----------------+------+---------+------+-------------------
----------------------------------------------------+------------------+
| 3 | root | localhost:1353 | test | Query | 0 | NULL
| show processlist |
| 4 | system user | | NULL | Connect | 740 | Waiting for master
to send event | NULL |
| 5 | system user | | NULL | Connect | 730 | Has read all relay
log; waiting for the I/O slave thread to update it | NULL |
+----+-------------+----------------+------+---------+------+-------------------
----------------------------------------------------+------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave status;
+---------------+-------------+-------------+---------------+-------------------
---+---------------------+-----------------------+---------------+--------------
---------+------------------+-------------------+-----------------+-------------
--------+------------+------------+--------------+---------------------+--------
---------+
| Master_Host | Master_User | Master_Port | Connect_retry | Master_Log_File
| Read_Master_Log_Pos | Relay_Log_File | Relay_Log_Pos | Relay_Master_
Log_File | Slave_IO_Running | Slave_SQL_Running | Replicate_do_db | Replicate_ig
nore_db | Last_errno | Last_error | Skip_counter | Exec_master_log_pos | Relay_l
og_space |
+---------------+-------------+-------------+---------------+-------------------
---+---------------------+-----------------------+---------------+--------------
---------+------------------+-------------------+-----------------+-------------
--------+------------+------------+--------------+---------------------+--------
---------+
| 192.168.1.102 | backup | 3306 | 10 | mysql_binary_log.0
01 | 1011 | ete-kf2-relay-bin.002 | 227 | mysql_binary_
log.001 | Yes | Yes | test |
| 0 | | 0 | 1011 | 223
|
+---------------+-------------+-------------+---------------+-------------------
---+---------------------+-----------------------+---------------+--------------
---------+------------------+-------------------+-----------------+-------------
--------+------------+------------+--------------+---------------------+--------
---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
参考文档：
http://forums.gentoo.org/viewtopic.php?t=241123 http://www.howtoforge.com/mysql_database_replication_p2 http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/4.1/en/replication-howto.html http://bbs.chinaunix.net/viewthread.php?tid=692359&highlight=mysql
master: 192.168.1.102
slave: 192.168.1.109
如果是win机子修改c:\winnt\my.ini 如果是linux的机子请修改 /etc/my.cnf
一、master操作
1、修改my.ini
##############
server-id=1
log-bin=c:\mysql\logs\mysql_binary_log
binlog-do-db=test
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
##############
说明
binlog-do-db=test 允许同步的数据库
binlog-ignore-db=mysql 不允许同步的数据库
2、然后重启mysql
c:\mysql\bin\mysql restart 或 /etc/init.d/mysql restart
3、在master上增加一个同步的用户名
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'backup'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
注:
如果mysql版本在4.0.2以前的版本请用
mysql> GRANT FILE ON *.* TO 'backup'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
4、接下来操作要master上要同步的数据库
mysql> USE test;
mysql> FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK; #锁定要同步的test表，然后导出数据结构
执行如下命令查看master的状态
mysql> SHOW MASTER STATUS;
得到如下结果
Code:
+----------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_do_db | Binlog_ignore_db |
+----------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql_binary_log.025 | 796947 | test | mysql |
+----------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
接下来备份要同步数据库（为导入slave作准备）
$ mysqldump --opt test > test.sql
mysql> UNLOCK TABLES; #已做好同步数据库结构导出后，解锁这个表
二、slave操作
1、把master里导出的同步数据库结构再导入slave的mysql里
mysql tes < test.sql
2、修改slave的my.ini
####################
log-bin=c:\mysql\logs\mysql_binary_log
server-id=2
master-host=192.168.1.102
master-user=backup
master-password=123456
master-connect-retry=60
replicate-do-db=test
####################
说明：
master-host=192.168.1.102 #master的IP
master-user=backup #master上作为同步用的用户名
master-password=123456 #同步用户名的密码
master-connect-retry=60 #设置同步的时间
replicate-do-db=test #需要同步的数据库
3、重新启用mysql
c:\mysql\bin\mysql restart 或 /etc/init.d/mysql restart
4、进入slave的mysql，对mysql进行操作
mysql> stop slave; #停止slave服务器
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO
-> MASTER_HOST='192.168.1.102',
-> MASTER_USER='backup',
-> MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',
-> MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql_binary_log.025',
-> MASTER_LOG_POS=796947;
mysql> START SLAVE; #开启slave服务器就可以同步了
注：
MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql_binary_log.025',
MASTER_LOG_POS=796947;
上面这两条是一开始从master上进入mysql，运行 SHOW MASTER STATUS; 查看到的,在实际操作中也可以不加的。
##############################################
在master的mysql里运行
mysql > show processlist;
看到两个 system user 就是正常的
+----+-------------+----------------+------+-------------+------+---------------
--------------------------------------------------------+------------------+
| Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State
| Info |
+----+-------------+----------------+------+-------------+------+---------------
--------------------------------------------------------+------------------+
| 1 | system user | | NULL | Connect | 4499 | Waiting for ma
ster to send event | NULL |
| 2 | system user | | NULL | Connect | 4499 | Has read all r
elay log; waiting for the I/O slave thread to update it | NULL |
| 7 | root | localhost:1309 | test | Query | 0 | NULL
| show processlist |
| 40 | backup | ETE-KF2:1354 | NULL | Binlog Dump | 513 | Has sent all b
inlog to slave; waiting for binlog to be updated | NULL |
+----+-------------+----------------+------+-------------+------+---------------
--------------------------------------------------------+------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show master status;
出现如下:
+----------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_do_db | Binlog_ignore_db |
+----------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql_binary_log.001 | 1011 | test | mysql |
+----------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
在slave的mysql里运行
mysql> show processlist;
出现如下：
+----+-------------+----------------+------+---------+------+-------------------
----------------------------------------------------+------------------+
| Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State
| Info |
+----+-------------+----------------+------+---------+------+-------------------
----------------------------------------------------+------------------+
| 3 | root | localhost:1353 | test | Query | 0 | NULL
| show processlist |
| 4 | system user | | NULL | Connect | 740 | Waiting for master
to send event | NULL |
| 5 | system user | | NULL | Connect | 730 | Has read all relay
log; waiting for the I/O slave thread to update it | NULL |
+----+-------------+----------------+------+---------+------+-------------------
----------------------------------------------------+------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave status;
+---------------+-------------+-------------+---------------+-------------------
---+---------------------+-----------------------+---------------+--------------
---------+------------------+-------------------+-----------------+-------------
--------+------------+------------+--------------+---------------------+--------
---------+
| Master_Host | Master_User | Master_Port | Connect_retry | Master_Log_File
| Read_Master_Log_Pos | Relay_Log_File | Relay_Log_Pos | Relay_Master_
Log_File | Slave_IO_Running | Slave_SQL_Running | Replicate_do_db | Replicate_ig
nore_db | Last_errno | Last_error | Skip_counter | Exec_master_log_pos | Relay_l
og_space |
+---------------+-------------+-------------+---------------+-------------------
---+---------------------+-----------------------+---------------+--------------
---------+------------------+-------------------+-----------------+-------------
--------+------------+------------+--------------+---------------------+--------
---------+
| 192.168.1.102 | backup | 3306 | 10 | mysql_binary_log.0
01 | 1011 | ete-kf2-relay-bin.002 | 227 | mysql_binary_
log.001 | Yes | Yes | test |
| 0 | | 0 | 1011 | 223
|
+---------------+-------------+-------------+---------------+-------------------
---+---------------------+-----------------------+---------------+--------------
---------+------------------+-------------------+-----------------+-------------
--------+------------+------------+--------------+---------------------+--------
---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
参考文档：
http://forums.gentoo.org/viewtopic.php?t=241123 http://www.howtoforge.com/mysql_database_replication_p2 http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/4.1/en/replication-howto.html http://bbs.chinaunix.net/viewthread.php?tid=692359&highlight=mysql
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