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Gridview应用（看到好的文章，拷过来和大家分享）

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本人学习ASP.NET也是刚刚开始,尽管如此但还是按耐不住要把以前用ASP开发的基于WEB的进销存及OA系统用ASP.NET重写,此次重写将不仅是代码部份重写,数据库也将重新优化(主要是将会大量采用存储过程).我会将开发过程的大部分笔记和大家一起分享,本人才粗学浅,C#也是刚刚开始学习.如果有什么不对请大家不要见笑,还望多指教.

GridView应用一
本文将实现Gridview上添加/编辑/删除

点序号排序后

添加

编辑

删除

先看数据结构(上表的序号为Sequence字段作为排序用,不是UnitID编号)

代码部分:

@ Page Language="C#" %>

@ Import Namespace="System.Data.SqlClient" %>

@ Import Namespace="DBOperate" %>

@ Import Namespace="NgcOA.Msg" %>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

}

protected void GridView1_RowCreated(object sender, GridViewRowEventArgs e)

{

if (e.Row.RowType == DataControlRowType.Header)

AddGlyph(GridView1, e.Row);

if (e.Row.RowType == DataControlRowType.DataRow)

{

string KeyValue = GridView1.DataKeys[e.Row.RowIndex].Value.ToString();

if (KeyValue == "0" && EditIndex == -1) // we are not editing

e.Row.Attributes.Add("isadd", "1");

//string RowID = Convert.ToString(System.Web.UI.DataBinder.Eval(e.Row.DataItem, "UnitID"));

//string Url = "Details.aspx?ID=" + RowID; // create the Url to be executed when the "+" is clicked (YOU WILL CUSTOMIZE THIS TO YOUR NEEDS)

//e.Row.Attributes.Add("href", Url); // link to details

//e.Row.Attributes.Add("open", "0"); // used by the detail table expander/contracter

//e.Row.Attributes.Add("hascontent", "0"); // used to prevent excessive callbacks to the server

}

public int EditIndex = -1;

void AddGlyph(GridView grid, GridViewRow item)

{

if (grid.AllowSorting == false)

return;

Label glyph = new Label();

glyph.EnableTheming = false;

glyph.Font.Name = "webdings";

glyph.Font.Size = FontUnit.XSmall;

glyph.Text = (grid.SortDirection == SortDirection.Ascending ? "5" : " 6");

// Find the column you sorted by

for (int i = 0; i < grid.Columns.Count; i++)

{

string colExpr = grid.Columns[i].SortExpression;

if (colExpr != "" && colExpr == grid.SortExpression)

{

item.Cells[i].Controls.Add(glyph);

}

protected void GridView1_RowUpdating(object sender, GridViewUpdateEventArgs e)

{

string KeyValue = GridView1.DataKeys[e.RowIndex].Value.ToString();

if (KeyValue != "0")

return; // key value of 0 indicates the insert row

DBObject myDb = new DBObject();

myDb.SelectString = "SELECT UnitName FROM Base_ProductUnit WHERE UnitName='" + ((TextBox)GridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex].Cells[3].Controls[1]).Text + "'";

myDb.GetDR();

if (myDb.SelectEmpty())

{

SqlDataSource ds = (SqlDataSource)FindControl(GridView1.DataSourceID);

SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(ds.ConnectionString);

conn.Open();

string s = ds.InsertCommand;

SqlCommand c = new SqlCommand(s, conn);

SqlParameter p;

foreach (System.Collections.DictionaryEntry x in e.NewValues)

{

p = new SqlParameter("@" + x.Key, x.Value);

c.Parameters.Add(p);

}

c.ExecuteNonQuery();

}

else

{

string msg = Message.Show("您要添加的记录已经存在，无法无成此次操作！");

Response.Write(msg);

}

myDb.DBClose();

}

protected void GridView1_RowEditing(object sender, GridViewEditEventArgs e)

{

EditIndex = e.NewEditIndex;

}

</script>

</head>

<body>

<div>

<asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" AllowPaging="True" AllowSorting="True" AutoGenerateColumns="False" DataSourceID="BaseUnitDS" OnRowCreated="GridView1_RowCreated" OnRowEditing="GridView1_RowEditing" OnRowUpdating="GridView1_RowUpdating" DataKeyNames="UnitID" Width="180px" PageSize="20">

<asp:CommandField ButtonType="Image" CancelImageUrl="~/Images/Cancel.gif" DeleteImageUrl="~/Images/Delete.gif" EditImageUrl="~/Images/Edit.gif" ShowDeleteButton="True" ShowEditButton="True" UpdateImageUrl="~/Images/Update.gif">

</asp:CommandField>

<asp:BoundField DataField="UnitID" HeaderText="编号" InsertVisible="False" ReadOnly="True"

SortExpression="UnitID" Visible="False" />

<asp:TemplateField HeaderText="序号" SortExpression="Sequence">

<asp:TextBox ID="EditSequence" CssClass="base_tb" runat="server" MaxLength="15" Text='<%# Bind("Sequence") %>' Width="40px"></asp:TextBox>

<asp:CompareValidator ID="CompareValidator1" runat="server" ControlToValidate="EditSequence" ErrorMessage="*" Operator="DataTypeCheck" Type="Integer"></asp:CompareValidator>

</EditItemTemplate>

<asp:Label ID="Sequence" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("Sequence") %>'></asp:Label>

</ItemTemplate>

</asp:TemplateField>

<asp:TemplateField HeaderText="单位名称" SortExpression="UnitName">

<asp:TextBox ID="EditUnitName" CssClass="base_tb" runat="server" MaxLength="15" Text='<%# Bind("UnitName") %>' Width="40px"></asp:TextBox>

<asp:RequiredFieldValidator ID="UnitNameRequiredFieldValidator" runat="server" ControlToValidate="EditUnitName" Display="Dynamic" ErrorMessage="此处不能为空!" SetFocusOnError="True"></asp:RequiredFieldValidator>

</EditItemTemplate>

<asp:Label ID="UnitName" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("UnitName") %>'></asp:Label>

</ItemTemplate>

</asp:TemplateField>

</Columns>

</asp:GridView>

</div>

<asp:SqlDataSource ID="BaseUnitDS" runat="server" ConnectionString="<%$ ConnectionStrings:NgcDataConnectionString %>"

SelectCommand="WM_ProductUnit_Select" SelectCommandType="StoredProcedure" UpdateCommand="UPDATE [Base_ProductUnit] SET [UnitName]=@UnitName,[Sequence]=@Sequence WHERE [UnitID]=@UnitID" DeleteCommand="DELETE FROM [Base_ProductUnit] WHERE [UnitID]=@UnitID" InsertCommand="INSERT INTO [Base_ProductUnit] ([UnitName],[Sequence]) VALUES (@UnitName,@Sequence)">

</asp:SqlDataSource>

</form>

GridViewHelper.Init(document.all.GridView1, 100, 0);

</script>

</body>

</html>

注明一下一些用到的js或类
GridViewHelper.js
出处:http://www.thecodeproject.com/aspnet/MasterDetail.asp
代码如下:(这个js很有用,可以实现Gridview上增加新建记录的图标,嵌套从表及自适应高度和宽度,产生标题的tooltips等)

function GridViewHelperClass()

{

function GridViewInit(idGrid, ExtraWidth, ExtraHeight)

{

var oTBODY = FindTBODY(idGrid);

for(var i=1; ; i++)

{

try

{

if(oTBODY.childNodes[i].getAttribute("isadd") == null)

continue;

// content looks like:

// <input type="button" value="Edit" onclick="javascript:__doPostBack('GridView1','Edit$0')" /> <input type="button" value="Delete" onclick="javascript:__doPostBack('GridView1','Delete$0')" />

// replace Edit with Add, remove Delete

//oTBODY.childNodes[i].childNodes[0] 某行的第一个单元

if(oTBODY.childNodes[i].childNodes[0].childNodes[0].type=="text")

oTBODY.childNodes[i].childNodes[0].childNodes[0].value="Add";

else

oTBODY.childNodes[i].childNodes[0].childNodes[0].src="../Images/Add.gif";

var txt = oTBODY.childNodes[i].childNodes[0].innerHTML;

var j = txt.indexOf(" ");

oTBODY.childNodes[i].childNodes[0].innerHTML = txt.slice(0, j);

}

catch(e)

{

break;

}

// put delete confirmations in, skip the header row

for(var i=1; ; i++)

{

try

{

var ctl=oTBODY.childNodes[i].childNodes[0].childNodes[2];

if(oTBODY.childNodes[i].getAttribute("isadd") == "1")

continue;

/**//*window.alert(i+": "+ctl.outerHTML);

window.alert(i+": "+ctl.onclick);

window.alert(i+": "+ctl.tagName);*/

if(ctl.tagName == "INPUT")

{

var onc = ctl.onclick.toString();

// window.alert(onc); // uncomment this to see what the onclick actually contains

// if(onc.indexOf("Delete$") == -1)

// continue; // don't want to add confirm to "update cancel"

var j = onc.indexOf("__do");

var k = onc.indexOf(")", j)+1;

onc="if(confirm('您确定要执行此操作?') == false) return(false);"+onc.slice(j, k);

ctl.onclick = onc;

ctl.outerHTML = ctl.outerHTML; // if you don't do this then the onclick will not work. it is probably related to how the onclick is actually defined (see window.alert above)

// window.alert(ctl.outerHTML);

}

catch(e)

{

break;

}

InitDrillDown(idGrid);

ResizeMe(idGrid, ExtraWidth, ExtraHeight);

}

this.Init = GridViewInit;

function ResizeMe(idGrid, ExtraWidth, ExtraHeight)

{

if(window.frameElement != null)

{

if(window.frameElement.tagName == "IFRAME")

{

// we are in an iframe

// set the width to be really wide so there is no column wrapping

window.frameElement.width = 10000;

// now calculate the width required and set the frame width to it (plus a fudge factor)

// window.alert("before width: "+GridViewHelper.CalcWidth(document.all.GridView1)+" "+ExtraWidth);

window.frameElement.width = GridViewHelper.CalcWidth(idGrid)+ExtraWidth;

// set the frame height to height of the generated document.

// window.alert("height: "+document.body.scrollHeight);

window.frameElement.height = document.body.scrollHeight+ExtraHeight;

return;

}

// get the container around the grid

var Parent = idGrid.offsetParent;

// make the parent really wide so that no columns will wrap

Parent.style.width = "10000px";

// calcuate the real width

var RealWidth = GridViewHelper.CalcWidth(idGrid)+100;

// set the parent width back to nothing

Parent.style.width = "";

//set the grid to the size it needs to be

idGrid.width=""+RealWidth;

}

// change the onclick function for the select buttons

function InitDrillDown(idGrid)

{

var oTBODY= FindTBODY(idGrid);

for(var i=0; ; i++)

{

try

{

var ctl=oTBODY.childNodes[i].childNodes[0];

var selectctl = ctl.childNodes[ctl.childNodes.length-1]

if(selectctl.tagName == "INPUT")

{

var onc = selectctl.onclick.toString();

// window.alert(onc); // uncomment this to see what the onclick actually contains

if(onc.indexOf("Select$") == -1)

continue; // probably an Add row line

onc = "return(GridViewHelper.DrillDownOrUp(this));"

selectctl.onclick = onc;

selectctl.outerHTML = selectctl.outerHTML; // if you don't do this then the onclick will not work. it is probably related to how the onclick is actually defined (see window.alert above)

}

catch(e)

{

break;

}

function GetParentObject(o, tagName)

{

srcElem = o;

//crawl up to find the table

while (srcElem.tagName != tagName)

srcElem = srcElem.parentElement;

return(srcElem);

}

function RowObjectToIndex(oTR)

{

if(oTR == null)

return(-1);

var oTABLE = GetParentObject(oTR, "TABLE");

// find the row index of our row

var i;

for(i=0; i<oTABLE.rows.length; i++)

{

if(oTABLE.rows[i] == oTR)

{

return(i);

}

function DrillDownOrUpX(This)

{

var oRow = GetParentObject(This, "TR");

// window.alert("oRow: "+oRow.outerHTML);

var RowIndex = RowObjectToIndex(oRow)

var oTable = GetParentObject(This, "TABLE");

// window.alert("in drill: open='"+oRow.open+"' hascontent='"+oRow.hascontent+"'");

var oPlusMinus = oRow.firstChild.childNodes[4];

if(oRow.open == "1")

{

var DetailsRow = oTable.rows[RowIndex+1];

DetailsRow.style.display="none";

oRow.open = "0";

var Gif = oPlusMinus.src;

var iii = Gif.lastIndexOf("/");

Gif = Gif.slice(0, iii)+"/Plus.gif";

oPlusMinus.src = Gif;

return(false);

}

if(oRow.hascontent == "1")

{

var DetailsRow = oTable.rows[RowIndex+1];

DetailsRow.style.display="block";

oRow.open = "1";

var Gif = oPlusMinus.src;

var iii = Gif.lastIndexOf("/");

Gif = Gif.slice(0, iii)+"/Minus.gif";

oPlusMinus.src = Gif;

return(false);

}

var ColumnCount = oRow.cells.length;

// need to add the row

var NewRow = oTable.insertRow(RowIndex+1);

var NewCell = NewRow.insertCell(0);

NewCell.setAttribute("colSpan", ColumnCount.toString());

var CellContent =

"<table cellpadding='0' cellspacing='0'>"+

"<tr><td><iframe src='"+oRow.href+"' frameborder='0' width='100%' height='200'></iframe></td></tr>"+

"</table>";

// window.alert(CellContent);

// window.prompt("", oRow.href);

NewCell.innerHTML = CellContent;

// window.alert("NewRow: "+NewRow.outerHTML);

oRow.open = "1";

oRow.hascontent = "1";

var Gif = oPlusMinus.src;

var iii = Gif.lastIndexOf("/");

Gif = Gif.slice(0, iii)+"/Minus.gif";

oPlusMinus.src = Gif;

// window.alert("oRow: "+oRow.outerHTML);

return(false);

}

this.DrillDownOrUp = DrillDownOrUpX;

function FindTBODY(idGrid)

{

if(idGrid.firstChild.tagName == "TBODY")

return(idGrid.firstChild);

// there is a caption, so go down one more level

return(idGrid.firstChild.nextSibling);

}

function CalcWidth(idGrid)

{

var oTBODY=FindTBODY(idGrid);

var oTR = oTBODY.firstChild; // get the first row object

var oLastCell = oTR.cells[oTR.cells.length-1];

var kb=0;

var r = oLastCell;

while(r)

{

kb+=r["offsetLeft"];

r=r.offsetParent

}

kb += oLastCell.offsetWidth;

return kb;

}

this.CalcWidth = CalcWidth;

function AddToolTips(idGrid, ToolTips)

{

var oTBODY=FindTBODY(idGrid);

var oTR = oTBODY.firstChild;// get the first row object which contains the column titles

if(ToolTips.length > oTR.children.length)

ToolTips.length = oTR.children.length;

for(var i=0; i<ToolTips.length; i++)

{

var oChild = oTR.children[i];

// window.alert("OOO: "+oChild.outerHTML);

oChild.title = ToolTips[i];

}

this.AddToolTips = AddToolTips;

}

var GridViewHelper = new GridViewHelperClass();

<%@ Import Namespace="DBOperate" %>
借用网上一个网友的数据库控制类，自己实在懒得写，碰巧看到也就拿来自己用了(在判断添加新数据时是否重复用到)

using System;

using System.Data;

using System.Data.SqlClient;

using System.Configuration;

using System.Web.UI.WebControls;

namespace DBOperate

{

/**//**/

/**//// <summary>

/// 创建一个数据库对象，以实现数据操作。

/// </summary>

public class DBObject

{

private string ConnectionString;

private SqlConnection objConn;

private string objSelectString;

private string objInsertString;

private string objUpdateString;

private string objDeleteString;

private SqlDataReader objDR;

private SqlCommand objCmd;

private string objErrMessage = null;

private string tempErrMessage = null;

private SqlDataAdapter objDA;

private DataSet objDS;

private DataView objDW;

private GridView objGV;

private string objViewRowFilter = null;

private string objViewSort = null;

public DBObject()

{

// TODO: 在此处添加构造函数逻辑

DBConn();

}

private void DBConn()

{

ConnectionString = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["NgcDataConnectionString"].ConnectionString;

objConn = new SqlConnection(ConnectionString);

objConn.Open();

}

public void DBClose()

{

objConn.Close();

}

public string SelectString

{

set

{

objSelectString = value;

}

public string InsertString

{

set

{

objInsertString = value;

DBInsert();

}

public string UpdateString

{

set

{

objUpdateString = value;

DBUpdate();

}

public string DeleteString

{

set

{

objDeleteString = value;

DBDelete();

}

public string ErrMessage

{

get

{

tempErrMessage = objErrMessage;

objErrMessage = null;

return tempErrMessage;

}

public SqlDataReader DR

{

get

{

GetDR();

return objDR;

}

public void DRClose()

{

objDR.Close();

}

public void GetDR()

{

try

{

using (objCmd = new SqlCommand(objSelectString, objConn))

{

objDR = objCmd.ExecuteReader();

}

catch (System.Exception e)

{

objErrMessage += "数据读取出错：";

objErrMessage += "<br>";

objErrMessage += e.Message;

objErrMessage += "<br>";

}

public void objDRRead()

{

objDR.Read();

}

public bool SelectEmpty()

{

if (objDR.Read()) return false;

else return true;

}

public string GetDRItem(string objDRItem)

{

return objDR[objDRItem].ToString();

}

public DataSet DS

{

get

{

try

{

using (objDA = new SqlDataAdapter(objSelectString, objConn))

{

objDS = new DataSet();

objDA.Fill(objDS);

}

catch (System.Exception e)

{

objErrMessage += "数据读取出错：";

objErrMessage += "<br>";

objErrMessage += e.Message;

objErrMessage += "<br>";

}

return objDS;

}

public DataView DW

{

get

{

try

{

using (objDA = new SqlDataAdapter(objSelectString, objConn))

{

objDS = new DataSet();

objDA.Fill(objDS);

objDW = new DataView(objDS.Tables[0]);

objDW.RowFilter = objViewRowFilter;

objDW.Sort = objViewSort;

}

catch (System.Exception e)

{

objErrMessage += "数据读取出错：";

objErrMessage += "<br>";

objErrMessage += e.Message;

objErrMessage += "<br>";

}

return objDW;

}

public GridView DGridBindDS

{

set

{

objGV = value;

BindDS();

}

public GridView DGridBindDR

{

set

{

objGV = value;

BindDR();

}

public string ViewRowFilter

{

set

{

if (objViewRowFilter == null)

{

objViewRowFilter = value;

}

else

{

objViewRowFilter += " and ";

objViewRowFilter += value;

}

public string ViewSort

{

set

{

objViewSort = value;

}

private void BindDR()

{

try

{

using (objCmd = new SqlCommand(objSelectString, objConn))

{

objDR = objCmd.ExecuteReader();

objGV.DataSource = objDR;

objGV.DataBind();

objDR.Close();

}

catch (System.Exception e)

{

objErrMessage += "数据读取出错：";

objErrMessage += "<br>";

objErrMessage += e.Message;

objErrMessage += "<br>";

}

private void BindDS()

{

try

{

using (objDA = new SqlDataAdapter(objSelectString, objConn))

{

objDS = new DataSet();

objDA.Fill(objDS);

objGV.DataSource = objDS;

objGV.DataBind();

}

catch (System.Exception e)

{

objErrMessage += "数据读取出错：";

objErrMessage += "<br>";

objErrMessage += e.Message;

objErrMessage += "<br>";

}

private void DBInsert()

{

using (objCmd = new SqlCommand(objInsertString, objConn))

{

try

{

objCmd.ExecuteNonQuery();

}

catch (System.Exception e)

{

objErrMessage += "数据插入出错：";

objErrMessage += "<br>";

objErrMessage += e.Message;

objErrMessage += "<br>";

}

private void DBUpdate()

{

using (objCmd = new SqlCommand(objUpdateString, objConn))

{

try

{

objCmd.ExecuteNonQuery();

}

catch (System.Exception e)

{

objErrMessage += "数据更新出错：";

objErrMessage += "<br>";

objErrMessage += e.Message;

objErrMessage += "<br>";

}

private void DBDelete()

{

using (objCmd = new SqlCommand(objDeleteString, objConn))

{

try

{

objCmd.ExecuteNonQuery();

}

catch (System.Exception e)

{

objErrMessage += "数据删除出错：";

objErrMessage += "<br>";

objErrMessage += e.Message;

objErrMessage += "<br>";

}

}

<%@ Import Namespace="NgcOA.Msg" %>
弹出消息的类，也是用网上现成的．

using System;

using System.Data;

using System.Configuration;

using System.Web;

using System.Web.Security;

using System.Web.UI;

using System.Web.UI.WebControls;

using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;

using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;

namespace NgcOA.Msg

{

/**//// <summary>

/// Message 的摘要说明

/// </summary>

public class Message

{

public Message()

{

// TODO: 在此处添加构造函数逻辑

}

public static string Show(string strMsg)

{

//这里0就指strMsg这东西,1就是指/这东西.

return String.Format("<script language={1}javascript{1}>alert({1}{0}{1});</script>", strMsg, "/"");

}

}
此外还将用到一个存储过程

CREATE PROCEDURE WM_ProductUnit_Select

declare @num int

begin

set @num=(SELECT isnull(MAX(Sequence),0) FROM Base_ProductUnit)+1

SELECT '0' AS [UnitID], '' AS [UnitName], str(@num) AS [Sequence]

UNION

SELECT [UnitID], [UnitName], [Sequence]

FROM [Base_ProductUnit]

ORDER BY [Sequence] DESC

end

下次将介绍实现如下的嵌套效果

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