裸奔编程之使用Servlet实现REST风格 单纯使用Servlet进行完成REST解析
2008-02-17 20:52
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其实单纯使用Servlet已经可以完成对REST风格URL的解析任务。
我们今天就尝试着写一个简单的DEMO程序，使用一个Servlet 完成 get，put，post，delete 四种请求。
在编写前，先叙述一下编程环境：
JDK 1.5 + TOMCAT 5.5 + Eclipse 3.2
我们今天模拟在客户端使用AJAX或直接FORM提交，对同一个URL地址 ： http://你的域名/game/1234 使用get、put、post、delete四种不同的方式进行请求。
并演示如何在服务端如何解析传递过来的参数（id为1234），获取/game请求附加的的id参数。
首先建立一个Servlet，我们这里起名为 OneGameHandle ，见下面代码：
package com.game.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.util.logging.*;
public class OneGameHandle extends javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet implements
javax.servlet.Servlet ...{
private Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(this.getClass().getName());
public OneGameHandle() ...{
super();
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException ...{
logger.log(Level.INFO, "doGet method is runing...");
logger.log(Level.INFO, "received id = " + getID(request));
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException ...{
logger.log(Level.INFO, "doPost method is runing...");
logger.log(Level.INFO, "received id = " + getID(request));
}
protected void doPut(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException ...{
super.doPut(request, response);
logger.log(Level.INFO, "doPut method is runing...");
logger.log(Level.INFO, "received id = " + getID(request));
}
protected void doDelete(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException ...{
super.doDelete(request, response);
logger.log(Level.INFO, "doDelete method is runing...");
logger.log(Level.INFO, "received id = " + getID(request));
}
public void init() throws ServletException ...{
super.init();
}
//只是作为演示使用，不处理异常
private String getID(HttpServletRequest request) ...{
String url = request.getRequestURL().toString();
String id = null;
if (url.endsWith("/"))
url = url.substring(0, url.length() - 1);
id = url.substring(url.lastIndexOf('/') + 1);
return id;
}
}
在web.xml 中配置如下：
<servlet>
<servlet-name>OneGameHandle</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.game.servlet.OneGameHandle</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>OneGameHandle</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/game/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
你看到了没有，Servlet OneGameHandle 解析地址为 /game/* 。
下面，我们建立一个JSP文件，在该页面上，我们显示有关不同方式请求的按钮：
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GBK"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GBK">
<title>只是演示</title>
<script src="js/request.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
function doPutData()...{
var url = "game/1234";
put_request(url,theAdd);
}
function theAdd()...{
if (http_request.readyState == 4) ...{
if (http_request.status == 200) ...{
alert( http_request.responseText );
} else ...{
alert("connect the server wrong!");
}
}
}
function doDeleteData()...{
var url = "game/2332";
delete_request(url,theAdd);
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
POST 方式提交数据....
<form name="form1" method="post" action="game/23536436">
<input name="title" value="填写名字" />
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
<br>
<br>
GET 方式提交数据 ...<br>
<a href="game/2355">直接GET方式请求</a>
<br>
<br>
<br>
DELETE 方式请求...<br>
<input type="button" value="提交数据" onclick="doDeleteData()">
<br>
<br><br>
PUT 方式提交 ...<br>
<input type="button" value="提交数据" onclick="doPutData()">
</body>
</html>
对应于该页面牵涉到JS -request.js 贴图如下：
var http_request = false;
function init_request()...{
http_request = false;
if(window.XMLHttpRequest) ...{ //Mozilla
http_request = new XMLHttpRequest();
if (http_request.overrideMimeType) ...{//MiME
http_request.overrideMimeType("text/xml");
}
}
else if (window.ActiveXObject) ...{ // IE
try ...{
http_request = new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP");
} catch (e) ...{
try ...{
http_request = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
} catch (e) ...{}
}
}
if (!http_request) ...{ //
window.alert("XMLHttpRequest.");
return false;
}
}
function get_request( url )...{
init_request();
http_request.onreadystatechange = processRequest;
http_request.open("GET", url, true);
http_request.send(null);
}
function get_request( url, type )...{
init_request();
if( type == "text" )
http_request.onreadystatechange = processRequest;
else if( type == "xml" )
http_request.onreadystatechange = processXmlRequest;
http_request.open("GET", url, true);
http_request.send(null);
}
//the user can custom the function
function get_request2( url, myProcess )...{
init_request();
http_request.onreadystatechange = myProcess;
http_request.open("GET", url, true);
http_request.send(null);
}
function post_request( url, sinfo ) ...{
init_request();
http_request.onreadystatechange = processRequest;
http_request.open("POST", url, true);
http_request.setRequestHeader("Content-Length",sinfo.length);
http_request.setRequestHeader("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
http_request.send(sinfo);
}
function post_request( url, sinfo, type ) ...{
init_request();
if( type == "text" )
http_request.onreadystatechange = processRequest;
else if( type == "xml" )
http_request.onreadystatechange = processXmlRequest;
http_request.open("POST", url, true);
http_request.setRequestHeader("Content-Length",sinfo.length);
http_request.setRequestHeader("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
http_request.send(sinfo);
}
//this function gave the user too much free to write his method
function post_request2( url, sinfo, myProcess ) ...{
init_request();
http_request.onreadystatechange = myProcess;
http_request.open("POST", url, true);
http_request.setRequestHeader("Content-Length",sinfo.length);
http_request.setRequestHeader("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
http_request.send(sinfo);
}
// text
function processRequest() ...{
if (http_request.readyState == 4) ...{
if (http_request.status == 200) ...{
pageChange( http_request.responseText );
} else ...{
alert("connect the server wrong!");
}
}
}
//xml
function processXmlRequest() ...{
if (http_request.readyState == 4) ...{
if (http_request.status == 200) ...{
pageChange( http_request.responseXml );
} else ...{
alert("connect the server wrong!");
}
}
}
function put_request( url, myProcess ) ...{
init_request();
http_request.onreadystatechange = myProcess;
http_request.open("PUT", url, true);
http_request.send(null);
}
function delete_request( url, myProcess ) ...{
init_request();
http_request.onreadystatechange = myProcess;
http_request.open("DELETE", url, true);
http_request.send(null);
}
尝试点击JSP页面上的各个按钮，AJAX方式进行请求服务器，服务器端Servlet解析。
JSP页面效果图如下：
点击上图的各个按钮，然后观察一下tomcat的console输入看一下吧，是否已经处理了各种请求。
小结：
本例简单，只是获取一个参数。
本例方式使用Servlet来解析地址中含有/game/的字样的URL请求，自然很容易得到game 后面附加的参数。
缺点是，不能使用request方式来接收参数。
如果使用原生态的servlet来处理rest方式的请求，那么可以使用request.getParameter()。
那么该怎么办呢？明天，我们继续吧。
我们今天就尝试着写一个简单的DEMO程序，使用一个Servlet 完成 get，put，post，delete 四种请求。
在编写前，先叙述一下编程环境：
JDK 1.5 + TOMCAT 5.5 + Eclipse 3.2
我们今天模拟在客户端使用AJAX或直接FORM提交，对同一个URL地址 ： http://你的域名/game/1234 使用get、put、post、delete四种不同的方式进行请求。
并演示如何在服务端如何解析传递过来的参数（id为1234），获取/game请求附加的的id参数。
首先建立一个Servlet，我们这里起名为 OneGameHandle ，见下面代码：
package com.game.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.util.logging.*;
public class OneGameHandle extends javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet implements
javax.servlet.Servlet ...{
private Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(this.getClass().getName());
public OneGameHandle() ...{
super();
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException ...{
logger.log(Level.INFO, "doGet method is runing...");
logger.log(Level.INFO, "received id = " + getID(request));
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException ...{
logger.log(Level.INFO, "doPost method is runing...");
logger.log(Level.INFO, "received id = " + getID(request));
}
protected void doPut(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException ...{
super.doPut(request, response);
logger.log(Level.INFO, "doPut method is runing...");
logger.log(Level.INFO, "received id = " + getID(request));
}
protected void doDelete(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException ...{
super.doDelete(request, response);
logger.log(Level.INFO, "doDelete method is runing...");
logger.log(Level.INFO, "received id = " + getID(request));
}
public void init() throws ServletException ...{
super.init();
}
//只是作为演示使用，不处理异常
private String getID(HttpServletRequest request) ...{
String url = request.getRequestURL().toString();
String id = null;
if (url.endsWith("/"))
url = url.substring(0, url.length() - 1);
id = url.substring(url.lastIndexOf('/') + 1);
return id;
}
}
在web.xml 中配置如下：
<servlet>
<servlet-name>OneGameHandle</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.game.servlet.OneGameHandle</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>OneGameHandle</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/game/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
你看到了没有，Servlet OneGameHandle 解析地址为 /game/* 。
下面，我们建立一个JSP文件，在该页面上，我们显示有关不同方式请求的按钮：
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GBK"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GBK">
<title>只是演示</title>
<script src="js/request.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
function doPutData()...{
var url = "game/1234";
put_request(url,theAdd);
}
function theAdd()...{
if (http_request.readyState == 4) ...{
if (http_request.status == 200) ...{
alert( http_request.responseText );
} else ...{
alert("connect the server wrong!");
}
}
}
function doDeleteData()...{
var url = "game/2332";
delete_request(url,theAdd);
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
POST 方式提交数据....
<form name="form1" method="post" action="game/23536436">
<input name="title" value="填写名字" />
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
<br>
<br>
GET 方式提交数据 ...<br>
<a href="game/2355">直接GET方式请求</a>
<br>
<br>
<br>
DELETE 方式请求...<br>
<input type="button" value="提交数据" onclick="doDeleteData()">
<br>
<br><br>
PUT 方式提交 ...<br>
<input type="button" value="提交数据" onclick="doPutData()">
</body>
</html>
对应于该页面牵涉到JS -request.js 贴图如下：
var http_request = false;
function init_request()...{
http_request = false;
if(window.XMLHttpRequest) ...{ //Mozilla
http_request = new XMLHttpRequest();
if (http_request.overrideMimeType) ...{//MiME
http_request.overrideMimeType("text/xml");
}
}
else if (window.ActiveXObject) ...{ // IE
try ...{
http_request = new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP");
} catch (e) ...{
try ...{
http_request = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
} catch (e) ...{}
}
}
if (!http_request) ...{ //
window.alert("XMLHttpRequest.");
return false;
}
}
function get_request( url )...{
init_request();
http_request.onreadystatechange = processRequest;
http_request.open("GET", url, true);
http_request.send(null);
}
function get_request( url, type )...{
init_request();
if( type == "text" )
http_request.onreadystatechange = processRequest;
else if( type == "xml" )
http_request.onreadystatechange = processXmlRequest;
http_request.open("GET", url, true);
http_request.send(null);
}
//the user can custom the function
function get_request2( url, myProcess )...{
init_request();
http_request.onreadystatechange = myProcess;
http_request.open("GET", url, true);
http_request.send(null);
}
function post_request( url, sinfo ) ...{
init_request();
http_request.onreadystatechange = processRequest;
http_request.open("POST", url, true);
http_request.setRequestHeader("Content-Length",sinfo.length);
http_request.setRequestHeader("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
http_request.send(sinfo);
}
function post_request( url, sinfo, type ) ...{
init_request();
if( type == "text" )
http_request.onreadystatechange = processRequest;
else if( type == "xml" )
http_request.onreadystatechange = processXmlRequest;
http_request.open("POST", url, true);
http_request.setRequestHeader("Content-Length",sinfo.length);
http_request.setRequestHeader("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
http_request.send(sinfo);
}
//this function gave the user too much free to write his method
function post_request2( url, sinfo, myProcess ) ...{
init_request();
http_request.onreadystatechange = myProcess;
http_request.open("POST", url, true);
http_request.setRequestHeader("Content-Length",sinfo.length);
http_request.setRequestHeader("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
http_request.send(sinfo);
}
// text
function processRequest() ...{
if (http_request.readyState == 4) ...{
if (http_request.status == 200) ...{
pageChange( http_request.responseText );
} else ...{
alert("connect the server wrong!");
}
}
}
//xml
function processXmlRequest() ...{
if (http_request.readyState == 4) ...{
if (http_request.status == 200) ...{
pageChange( http_request.responseXml );
} else ...{
alert("connect the server wrong!");
}
}
}
function put_request( url, myProcess ) ...{
init_request();
http_request.onreadystatechange = myProcess;
http_request.open("PUT", url, true);
http_request.send(null);
}
function delete_request( url, myProcess ) ...{
init_request();
http_request.onreadystatechange = myProcess;
http_request.open("DELETE", url, true);
http_request.send(null);
}
尝试点击JSP页面上的各个按钮，AJAX方式进行请求服务器，服务器端Servlet解析。
JSP页面效果图如下：
点击上图的各个按钮，然后观察一下tomcat的console输入看一下吧，是否已经处理了各种请求。
小结：
本例简单，只是获取一个参数。
本例方式使用Servlet来解析地址中含有/game/的字样的URL请求，自然很容易得到game 后面附加的参数。
缺点是，不能使用request方式来接收参数。
如果使用原生态的servlet来处理rest方式的请求，那么可以使用request.getParameter()。
那么该怎么办呢？明天，我们继续吧。
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