FreeBSD 6.2 编译安装内核

重新编译安装内核需要安装所有的源码，如果还没有安装源码，可以用sysinstall命令，来安装所有源码。并且，你得具有root权限。所有操作均在root的权限下进行操作。

1.进入内核配置文件目录，把内核 配置文件copy到自己的目录。比如说，/root/kernels。这个大家可以自己选择。
        进入内核配置文件目录：  cd /usr/src/sys/i386/conf
    建立自己的内核配置文件目录：mkdir /root/kernels
    copy配置内核配置文件到自己的内核配置文件目录： cp GENERIC /root/kernels/MYKERNEL
    到 i386 目录中创建一个指向它的符号链接：ln -s /root/kernels/MYKERNEL
2.连编内核
    进入 /usr/src 目录：cd /usr/src
    编译内核： make buildkernel KERNCONF=MYKERNEL
3.安装内核
    make installkernel KERNCONF=MYKERNEL
编译内核之前可以配置自己的内核文件 MYKERNEL，使之否和自己的要求。
以下是我在编译之前的内核配置文件：
#
# GENERIC -- Generic kernel configuration file for FreeBSD/i386
#
# For more information on this file, please read the handbook section on
# Kernel Configuration Files:
#
#    http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig-config.html #
# The handbook is also available locally in /usr/share/doc/handbook
# if you've installed the doc distribution, otherwise always see the
# FreeBSD World Wide Web server (http://www.FreeBSD.org/) for the
# latest information.
#
# An exhaustive list of options and more detailed explanations of the
# device lines is also present in the ../../conf/NOTES and NOTES files.
# If you are in doubt as to the purpose or necessity of a line, check first
# in NOTES.
#
# $FreeBSD: src/sys/i386/conf/GENERIC,v 1.429.2.13 2006/10/09 18:41:36 simon Exp $

machine        i386
#cpu        I486_CPU
#cpu        I586_CPU
cpu        I686_CPU
ident        ABUNIXAGENTKERNELS

# To statically compile in device wiring instead of /boot/device.hints
#hints        "GENERIC.hints"        # Default places to look for devices.

makeoptions    DEBUG=-g        # Build kernel with gdb(1) debug symbols

options     SCHED_4BSD        # 4BSD scheduler
options     PREEMPTION        # Enable kernel thread preemption
options     INET            # InterNETworking
#options     INET6            # IPv6 communications protocols
options     FFS            # Berkeley Fast Filesystem
options     SOFTUPDATES        # Enable FFS soft updates support
options     UFS_ACL            # Support for access control lists
options     UFS_DIRHASH        # Improve performance on big directories
options     MD_ROOT            # MD is a potential root device
#options     NFSCLIENT        # Network Filesystem Client
#options     NFSSERVER        # Network Filesystem Server
#options     NFS_ROOT        # NFS usable as /, requires NFSCLIENT
#options     MSDOSFS            # MSDOS Filesystem
#options     CD9660            # ISO 9660 Filesystem
#options     PROCFS            # Process filesystem (requires PSEUDOFS)
#options     PSEUDOFS        # Pseudo-filesystem framework
#options     GEOM_GPT        # GUID Partition Tables.
options     COMPAT_43        # Compatible with BSD 4.3 [KEEP THIS!]
options     COMPAT_FREEBSD4        # Compatible with FreeBSD4
options     COMPAT_FREEBSD5        # Compatible with FreeBSD5
#options     SCSI_DELAY=5000        # Delay (in ms) before probing SCSI
options     KTRACE            # ktrace(1) support
#options     SYSVSHM            # SYSV-style shared memory
options     SYSVMSG            # SYSV-style message queues
options     SYSVSEM            # SYSV-style semaphores
#options     _KPOSIX_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING # POSIX P1003_1B real-time extensions
options     KBD_INSTALL_CDEV    # install a CDEV entry in /dev
options     ADAPTIVE_GIANT        # Giant mutex is adaptive.

device        apic            # I/O APIC

# Bus support.
device        eisa
device        pci

# Floppy drives
#device        fdc

# ATA and ATAPI devices
device        ata
device        atadisk        # ATA disk drives
#device        ataraid        # ATA RAID drives
device        atapicd        # ATAPI CDROM drives
#device        atapifd        # ATAPI floppy drives
#device        atapist        # ATAPI tape drives
options     ATA_STATIC_ID    # Static device numbering

# SCSI Controllers
#device        ahb        # EISA AHA1742 family
#device        ahc        # AHA2940 and onboard AIC7xxx devices
#options     AHC_REG_PRETTY_PRINT    # Print register bitfields in debug
#                    # output.  Adds ~128k to driver.
#device        ahd        # AHA39320/29320 and onboard AIC79xx devices
#options     AHD_REG_PRETTY_PRINT    # Print register bitfields in debug
#                    # output.  Adds ~215k to driver.
#device        amd        # AMD 53C974 (Tekram DC-390(T))
#device        isp        # Qlogic family
#device     ispfw        # Firmware for QLogic HBAs- normally a module
#device        mpt        # LSI-Logic MPT-Fusion
#device        ncr        # NCR/Symbios Logic
#device        sym        # NCR/Symbios Logic (newer chipsets + those of `ncr')
#device        trm        # Tekram DC395U/UW/F DC315U adapters
#
#device        adv        # Advansys SCSI adapters
#device        adw        # Advansys wide SCSI adapters
#device        aha        # Adaptec 154x SCSI adapters
#device        aic        # Adaptec 15[012]x SCSI adapters, AIC-6[23]60.
#device        bt        # Buslogic/Mylex MultiMaster SCSI adapters
#
#device        ncv        # NCR 53C500
#device        nsp        # Workbit Ninja SCSI-3
#device        stg        # TMC 18C30/18C50

# SCSI peripherals
#device        scbus        # SCSI bus (required for SCSI)
#device        ch        # SCSI media changers
#device        da        # Direct Access (disks)
#device        sa        # Sequential Access (tape etc)
#device        cd        # CD
#device        pass        # Passthrough device (direct SCSI access)
#device        ses        # SCSI Environmental Services (and SAF-TE)

# RAID controllers interfaced to the SCSI subsystem
#device        amr        # AMI MegaRAID
#device        arcmsr        # Areca SATA II RAID
#device        asr        # DPT SmartRAID V, VI and Adaptec SCSI RAID
#device        ciss        # Compaq Smart RAID 5*
#device        dpt        # DPT Smartcache III, IV - See NOTES for options
#device        hptmv        # Highpoint RocketRAID 182x
#device        rr232x        # Highpoint RocketRAID 232x
#device        iir        # Intel Integrated RAID
#device        ips        # IBM (Adaptec) ServeRAID
#device        mly        # Mylex AcceleRAID/eXtremeRAID
#device        twa        # 3ware 9000 series PATA/SATA RAID

# RAID controllers
#device        aac        # Adaptec FSA RAID
#device        aacp        # SCSI passthrough for aac (requires CAM)
#device        ida        # Compaq Smart RAID
#device        mfi        # LSI MegaRAID SAS
#device        mlx        # Mylex DAC960 family
#device        pst        # Promise Supertrak SX6000
#device        twe        # 3ware ATA RAID

# atkbdc0 controls both the keyboard and the PS/2 mouse
device        atkbdc        # AT keyboard controller
device        atkbd        # AT
c838
keyboard
#device        psm        # PS/2 mouse

#device        kbdmux        # keyboard multiplexer

device        vga        # VGA video card driver

#device        splash        # Splash screen and screen saver support

# syscons is the default console driver, resembling an SCO console
device        sc

# Enable this for the pcvt (VT220 compatible) console driver
#device        vt
#options     XSERVER        # support for X server on a vt console
#options     FAT_CURSOR    # start with block cursor

#device        agp        # support several AGP chipsets

# Power management support (see NOTES for more options)
#device        apm
# Add suspend/resume support for the i8254.
device        pmtimer

# PCCARD (PCMCIA) support
# PCMCIA and cardbus bridge support
#device        cbb        # cardbus (yenta) bridge
#device        pccard        # PC Card (16-bit) bus
#device        cardbus        # CardBus (32-bit) bus

# Serial (COM) ports
device        sio        # 8250, 16[45]50 based serial ports

# Parallel port
device        ppc
device        ppbus        # Parallel port bus (required)
#device        lpt        # Printer
device        plip        # TCP/IP over parallel
device        ppi        # Parallel port interface device
#device        vpo        # Requires scbus and da

# If you've got a "dumb" serial or parallel PCI card that is
# supported by the puc(4) glue driver, uncomment the following
# line to enable it (connects to the sio and/or ppc drivers):
#device        puc

# PCI Ethernet NICs.
device        de        # DEC/Intel DC21x4x (``Tulip'')
device        em        # Intel PRO/1000 adapter Gigabit Ethernet Card
#device        ixgb        # Intel PRO/10GbE Ethernet Card
#device        txp        # 3Com 3cR990 (``Typhoon'')
#device        vx        # 3Com 3c590, 3c595 (``Vortex'')

# PCI Ethernet NICs that use the common MII bus controller code.
# NOTE: Be sure to keep the 'device miibus' line in order to use these NICs!
device        miibus        # MII bus support
device        bce        # Broadcom BCM5706/BCM5708 Gigabit Ethernet
device        bfe        # Broadcom BCM440x 10/100 Ethernet
device        bge        # Broadcom BCM570xx Gigabit Ethernet
device        dc        # DEC/Intel 21143 and various workalikes
device        fxp        # Intel EtherExpress PRO/100B (82557, 82558)
device        lge        # Level 1 LXT1001 gigabit Ethernet
device        nge        # NatSemi DP83820 gigabit Ethernet
device        nve        # nVidia nForce MCP on-board Ethernet Networking
device        pcn        # AMD Am79C97x PCI 10/100(precedence over 'lnc')
device        re        # RealTek 8139C+/8169/8169S/8110S
device        rl        # RealTek 8129/8139
device        sf        # Adaptec AIC-6915 (``Starfire'')
device        sis        # Silicon Integrated Systems SiS 900/SiS 7016
device        sk        # SysKonnect SK-984x & SK-982x gigabit Ethernet
device        ste        # Sundance ST201 (D-Link DFE-550TX)
device        stge        # Sundance/Tamarack TC9021 gigabit Ethernet
device        ti        # Alteon Networks Tigon I/II gigabit Ethernet
device        tl        # Texas Instruments ThunderLAN
device        tx        # SMC EtherPower II (83c170 ``EPIC'')
device        vge        # VIA VT612x gigabit Ethernet
device        vr        # VIA Rhine, Rhine II
device        wb        # Winbond W89C840F
device        xl        # 3Com 3c90x (``Boomerang'', ``Cyclone'')

# ISA Ethernet NICs.  pccard NICs included.
device        cs        # Crystal Semiconductor CS89x0 NIC
# 'device ed' requires 'device miibus'
device        ed        # NE[12]000, SMC Ultra, 3c503, DS8390 cards
device        ex        # Intel EtherExpress Pro/10 and Pro/10+
device        ep        # Etherlink III based cards
device        fe        # Fujitsu MB8696x based cards
device        ie        # EtherExpress 8/16, 3C507, StarLAN 10 etc.
device        lnc        # NE2100, NE32-VL Lance Ethernet cards
device        sn        # SMC's 9000 series of Ethernet chips
device        xe        # Xircom pccard Ethernet

# Wireless NIC cards
#device        wlan        # 802.11 support
#device        wlan_wep    # 802.11 WEP support
#device        wlan_ccmp    # 802.11 CCMP support
#device        wlan_tkip    # 802.11 TKIP support
#device        an        # Aironet 4500/4800 802.11 wireless NICs.
#device        ath        # Atheros pci/cardbus NIC's
#device        ath_hal        # Atheros HAL (Hardware Access Layer)
#device        ath_rate_sample    # SampleRate tx rate control for ath
#device        awi        # BayStack 660 and others
#device        ral        # Ralink Technology RT2500 wireless NICs.
#device        wi        # WaveLAN/Intersil/Symbol 802.11 wireless NICs.
#device        wl        # Older non 802.11 Wavelan wireless NIC.

# Pseudo devices.
device        loop        # Network loopback
device        random        # Entropy device
device        ether        # Ethernet support
#device        sl        # Kernel SLIP
device        ppp        # Kernel PPP
device        tun        # Packet tunnel.
device        pty        # Pseudo-ttys (telnet etc)
device        md        # Memory "disks"
device        gif        # IPv6 and IPv4 tunneling
device        faith        # IPv6-to-IPv4 relaying (translation)

# The `bpf' device enables the Berkeley Packet Filter.
# Be aware of the administrative consequences of enabling this!
# Note that 'bpf' is required for DHCP.
device        bpf        # Berkeley packet filter

# USB support
device        uhci        # UHCI PCI->USB interface
device        ohci        # OHCI PCI->USB interface
device        ehci        # EHCI PCI->USB interface (USB 2.0)
device        usb        # USB Bus (required)
#device        udbp        # USB Double Bulk Pipe devices
device        ugen        # Generic
device        uhid        # "Human Interface Devices"
device        ukbd        # Keyboard
#device        ulpt        # Printer
#device        umass        # Disks/Mass storage - Requires scbus and da
#device        ums        # Mouse
#device        ural        # Ralink Technology RT2500USB wireless NICs
#device        urio        # Diamond Rio 500 MP3 player
#device        uscanner    # Scanners
# USB Ethernet, requires miibus
#device        aue        # ADMtek USB Ethernet
#device        axe        # ASIX Electronics USB Ethernet
#device        cdce        # Generic USB over Ethernet
#device        cue        # CATC USB Ethernet
#device        kue        # Kawasaki LSI USB Ethernet
#device        rue        # RealTek RTL8150 USB Ethernet

# FireWire support
device        firewire    # FireWire bus code
#device        sbp        # SCSI over FireWire (Requires scbus and da)
device        fwe        # Ethernet over FireWire (non-standard!)

因为我是配置的服务器，所以，很多没有用的东西都去掉了。尤其是无线网卡的内容，全部去掉了。