ajax：构建动态的java应用程序

<!-- Table of products from store's catalog, one row per item -->
<th>Name</th> <th>Description</th> <th>Price</th> <th></th>
...
<tr>
<!-- Item details -->
<td>Hat</td> <td>Stylish bowler hat</td> <td>$19.99</td>
<td>
<!-- Click button to add item to cart via Ajax request -->
<button onclick="addToCart('hat001')">Add to Cart</button>
</td>
</tr>
...
<!-- Representation of shopping cart, updated asynchronously -->
<ul id="cart-contents">
<!-- List-items will be added here for each item in the cart -->

</ul>
<!-- Total cost of items in cart displayed inside span element -->
Total cost: <span id="total">$0.00</span>

/*
* Returns a new XMLHttpRequest object, or false if this browser
* doesn't support it
*/
function newXMLHttpRequest() {
var xmlreq = false;
if (window.XMLHttpRequest) {
// Create XMLHttpRequest object in non-Microsoft browsers
xmlreq = new XMLHttpRequest();
} else if (window.ActiveXObject) {
// Create XMLHttpRequest via MS ActiveX
try {
// Try to create XMLHttpRequest in later versions
// of Internet Explorer
xmlreq = new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP");
} catch (e1) {
// Failed to create required ActiveXObject
try {
// Try version supported by older versions
// of Internet Explorer
xmlreq = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
} catch (e2) {
// Unable to create an XMLHttpRequest with ActiveX
}
}
}
return xmlreq;
}

/*
* Adds an item, identified by its product code, to the shopping cart
* itemCode - product code of the item to add.
*/
function addToCart(itemCode) {
// Obtain an XMLHttpRequest instance
var req = newXMLHttpRequest();
// Set the handler function to receive callback notifications
// from the request object
var handlerFunction = getReadyStateHandler(req, updateCart);
req.onreadystatechange = handlerFunction;

// Open an HTTP POST connection to the shopping cart servlet.
// Third parameter specifies request is asynchronous.
req.open("POST", "cart.do", true);
// Specify that the body of the request contains form data
req.setRequestHeader("Content-Type",
"application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
// Send form encoded data stating that I want to add the
// specified item to the cart.
req.send("action=add&item="+itemCode);
}

public void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res)
throws java.io.IOException {
Cart cart = getCartFromSession(req);
String action = req.getParameter("action");
String item = req.getParameter("item");

if ((action != null)&&(item != null)) {
// Add or remove items from the Cart
if ("add".equals(action)) {
cart.addItem(item);
} else if ("remove".equals(action)) {
cart.removeItems(item);
}
}
// Serialize the Cart's state to XML
String cartXml = cart.toXml();
// Write XML to response.
res.setContentType("application/xml");
res.getWriter().write(cartXml);
}

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<cart generated="1123969988414" total="$171.95">
<item code="hat001">
<name>Hat</name>
<quantity>2</quantity>
</item>
<item code="cha001">
<name>Chair</name>
<quantity>1</quantity>
</item>
<item code="dog001">
<name>Dog</name>
<quantity>1</quantity>
</item>
</cart>

/*
* Returns a function that waits for the specified XMLHttpRequest
* to complete, then passes its XML response to the given handler function.
* req - The XMLHttpRequest whose state is changing
* responseXmlHandler - Function to pass the XML response to
*/
function getReadyStateHandler(req, responseXmlHandler) {
// Return an anonymous function that listens to the
// XMLHttpRequest instance
return function () {
// If the request's status is "complete"
if (req.readyState == 4) {

// Check that a successful server response was received
if (req.status == 200) {
// Pass the XML payload of the response to the
// handler function
responseXmlHandler(req.responseXML);
} else {
// An HTTP problem has occurred
alert("HTTP error: "+req.status);
}
}
}
}

function updateCart(cartXML) {
// Get the root "cart" element from the document
var cart = cartXML.getElementsByTagName("cart")[0];
// Check that a more recent cart document hasn't been processed
// already
var generated = cart.getAttribute("generated");
if (generated > lastCartUpdate) {
lastCartUpdate = generated;
// Clear the HTML list used to display the cart contents
var contents = document.getElementById("cart-contents");
contents.innerHTML = "";
// Loop over the items in the cart
var items = cart.getElementsByTagName("item");
for (var I = 0 ; I < items.length ; I++) {
var item = items[I];
// Extract the text nodes from the name and quantity elements
var name = item.getElementsByTagName("name")[0]
.firstChild.nodeValue;

var quantity = item.getElementsByTagName("quantity")[0]
.firstChild.nodeValue;
// Create and add a list item HTML element for this cart item
var li = document.createElement("li");
li.appendChild(document.createTextNode(name+" x "+quantity));
contents.appendChild(li);
}
}
// Update the cart's total using the value from the cart document
document.getElementById("total").innerHTML =
cart.getAttribute("total");
}