[/b]l 创建数据库表下例显示
pubs 数据库中所创建的三个表（
jobs、employee 和
publishers）的完整表定义，其中包含所有的约束定义。CREATE TABLE 表名(字段名1 数据类型 是否允许为null,字段名2 数据类型 是否允许为null)例如:CREATE TABLE jobs( job_id smallint IDENTITY(1,1) PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED, job_desc varchar(50) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'New Position - title not formalized yet', min_lvl tinyint NOT NULL CHECK (min_lvl >= 10), max_lvl tinyint NOT NULL CHECK (max_lvl <= 250))
l 修改数据库表例如:ALTER TABLE jobs( job_id smallint IDENTITY(1,1) PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED, job_desc varchar(50) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'New Position - title not formalized yet', min_lvl tinyint NOT NULL CHECK (min_lvl >= 10), max_lvl tinyint NOT NULL CHECK (max_lvl <= 250))
l 为表增加主键ALTER TABLE 表名ADD CONSTRAINT [主键名(默认加”PK_”的前缀)] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED(是否是簇索引)
(
[字段名1],[字段名2],[字段名…]
)
GO
例如:ALTER TABLE [dbo].[m_p_CheckPrepotency] WITH NOCHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [PK_m_p_CheckPrepotency] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [GUID], [SequenceNum] )GO
l 新加字段ALTER TABLE 表名ADD 字段名 数据类型 属性GO例如:
| SqlServer2000 | |
| SqlAnyWhere | ALTER TABLE skill ADD skill_description CHAR(254) |
l 删除字段
| SqlServer2000 | |
| SqlAnyWhere | ALTER TABLE 表名 DROP 字段名 |
l 创建索引CREATE INDEX 索引名 ON 表名(字段名1,字段名2,字段名3…)例如:CREATE INDEX [IX_m_p_CheckPrepotency] ON [dbo].[m_p_CheckPrepotency]([UnitCoding], [FamilyId], [PersonnelCoding]) ON [PRIMARY]GO
l 删除索引IF EXISTS (SELECT name FROM sysindexes WHERE name = '索引名')DROP INDEX 表名.索引名GO例如:IF EXISTS (SELECT name FROM sysindexes WHERE name = 'au_id_ind') DROP INDEX authors.au_id_indGO
l 删除视图IF EXISTS (SELECT TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.VIEWS WHERE TABLE_NAME = '视图名') DROP VIEW 视图名GO例如:IF EXISTS (SELECT TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.VIEWS WHERE TABLE_NAME = 'titles_view') DROP VIEW titles_viewGO
l 为表的字段添加外键和级联ALTER TABLE 表名1 ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_外键名] FOREIGN KEY ( [字段名] ) REFERENCES 表名2( [字段名] ) ON DELETE CASCADE –级联删除ON UPDATE CASCADE –级联更新GO CONSTRAINT [FK_m_p_CheckPrepotency_o_PrepotencyResult] FOREIGN KEY ( [CheckPrepotencyResult] ) REFERENCES [dbo].[o_PrepotencyResult] ( [CheckResultId] ) ON UPDATE CASCADE GO例如:ALTER TABLE [dbo].[m_p_CheckPrepotency] ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_m_p_CheckPrepotency_m_PersonnelInfo] FOREIGN KEY ( [GUID] ) REFERENCES [dbo].[m_PersonnelInfo] ( [GUID] ) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE , CONSTRAINT [FK_m_p_CheckPrepotency_o_PrepotencyResult] FOREIGN KEY ( [CheckPrepotencyResult] ) REFERENCES [dbo].[o_PrepotencyResult] ( [CheckResultId] ) ON UPDATE CASCADE GO
l 修改列的数据类型/大小/是否允许为NULLS2K:SqlAnyWhere:
| SqlServer2000 | ALTER TABLE s_Anchor ALTER COLUMN AnchorName varchar(100) NOT NULL |
| SqlAnyWhere | ALTER TABLE s_Anchor MODIFY AnchorName varchar(100) NOT NULL |
l 修改列名
| SqlServer2000 | |
| SqlAnyWhere | ALTER TABLE skill RENAME skill_type TO classification |
l 修改表名
| SqlServer2000 | |
| SqlAnyWhere | ALTER TABLE skill RENAME qualification |
l 删除列
| SqlServer2000 | |
| SqlAnyWhere | ALTER TABLE skill DROP classification |
l 判断某个表的主键是否存在
| SqlServer2000 | |
| SqlAnyWhere | if (select primary_root from systable where table_name = 's_Anchor' and table_type = ‘BASE’)<>0如果primary_root不为0说明表中已有主键 |
l 删除表的所有主键
| SqlServer2000 | |
| SqlAnyWhere | ALTER TABLE skill DELETE PRIMARY KEY |
l 增加表主键
| SqlServer2000 | |
| SqlAnyWhere | ALTER TABLE skill ADD PRIMARY KEY ( "skill_id", "skill_type" ) |
l 判断某个表中某个字段是否存在
| SqlServer2000 | |
| SqlAnyWhere | if not exists (select * from syscolumn sc join systable st on sc.table_id = st.table_id where st.table_name = 'm_p_PregnancyInfo' and sc.column_name = 'PunishSequenceNum') |
l 判断某个表是否存在
| SqlServer2000 | |
| SqlAnyWhere | if not exists(select * from systable where table_name = 's_Anchor' and table_type = ‘BASE’) |
l 判断某个视图是否存在
| SqlServer2000 | if not exists (select * from dbo.sysobjects where xtype = 'V' and name = 'v_s_Marriage') |
| SqlAnyWhere | if not exists(select * from systable where table_name = 's_Anchor' and table_type = ‘VIEW’) |
l 判断某个全局临时表是否存在
| SqlServer2000 | |
| SqlAnyWhere | if not exists(select * from systable where table_name = 's_Anchor' and table_type = ‘GBL TEMP’) |
l 判断某个触发器是否存在
| SqlServer2000 | |
| SqlAnyWhere | if not exists(select * from systable where table_name = 's_Anchor' and table_type = ‘TR’) |
l 判断某个函数/存储过程是否存在
| SqlServer2000 | |
| SqlAnyWhere | if exists (select * from sysprocedure where proc_name = 'sp_seeaboutServiceCar') |
l 判断某个表的某个字段是否存在
| SqlServer2000 | |
| SqlAnyWhere | if exists (select * from syscolumn where column_name = 'DogID' and table_id = (select table_id from systable where table_name = 's_Users' and table_type = 'BASE')) |
l 为某个表增加一个字段
| SqlServer2000 | |
| SqlAnyWhere | ALTER TABLE s_Users ADD DogID char(32) NULL |
